The Comparison of Landscape Metrics Derived from Remote Sensing Data before and after Wenchuan Earthquake

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingping Wen ◽  
Xiaofeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals A Synthesis of Spatial Forest Assessment Studies Using Remote Sensing Data and Techniques in Pakistan

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Adeel Ahmad ◽  
Sajid Rashid Ahmad ◽  
Hammad Gilani ◽  
Aqil Tariq ◽  
Na Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Image Classification ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
Forest Mapping ◽  
Remote Sensing Classification ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Forest Assessment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Supervised Image Classification

This paper synthesizes research studies on spatial forest assessment and mapping using remote sensing data and techniques in Pakistan. The synthesis states that 73 peer-reviewed research articles were published in the past 28 years (1993–2021). Out of all studies, three were conducted in Azad Jammu & Kashmir, one in Balochistan, three in Gilgit-Baltistan, twelve in Islamabad Capital Territory, thirty-one in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, six in Punjab, ten in Sindh, and the remaining seven studies were conducted on national/regional scales. This review discusses the remote sensing classification methods, algorithms, published papers' citations, limitations, and challenges of forest mapping in Pakistan. The literature review suggested that the supervised image classification method and maximum likelihood classifier were among the most frequently used image classification and classification algorithms. The review also compared studies before and after the 18th constitutional amendment in Pakistan. Very few studies were conducted before this constitutional amendment, while a steep increase was observed afterward. The image classification accuracies of published papers were also assessed on local, regional, and national scales. The spatial forest assessment and mapping in Pakistan were evaluated only once using active remote sensing data (i.e., SAR). Advanced satellite imageries, the latest tools, and techniques need to be incorporated for forest mapping in Pakistan to facilitate forest stakeholders in managing the forests and undertaking national projects like UN’s REDD+ effectively.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF MUNICIPAL MERGERS ON LOCAL PUBLIC SPENDING: EVIDENCE FROM REMOTE-SENSING DATA

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-266
Author(s):  
Steve Pickering ◽  
Seiki Tanaka ◽  
Kyohei Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Political Units ◽  
Political Leverage ◽  
The Impact

AbstractHow are resources distributed when administrative units merge? We take advantage of recent, large-scale municipal mergers in Japan to systematically study the impact of municipal mergers within merged municipalities and, in particular, what politicians do when their districts and constituencies suddenly change. We argue that when rural and sparsely populated municipalities merge with more urban and densely populated municipalities, residents of the former are likely to see a reduced share of public spending because they lost political leverage through the merger. Our empirical analyses detect changes in public spending before and after the municipal mergers with remote sensing data, which allows for flexible units of analysis and enables us to proxy for spending within merged municipalities. Overall, our results show that politicians tend to reduce benefits allocated to areas where there are a small number of voters, while increasing the allocation to more populous areas. The micro-foundation of our argument is also corroborated by survey data. The finding suggests that, all things being equal, the quantity rather than quality of electorates matters for politicians immediately after political units change.

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