On improving the performance of data partitioning oriented parallel irregular reductions

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gutierrez ◽  
O. Plata ◽  
E.L. Zapata
Keyword(s):  
Data Partitioning ◽  
Oriented Parallel

Freeze-etch observations on the tight junctions of sertoli cells grown in organ culture with FSH

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
Rita Meyer ◽  
Zoltan Posalaky ◽  
Dennis Mcginley
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Cell Junction ◽  
Intramembranous Particles ◽  
Junctional Complexes ◽  
Oriented Parallel

The Sertoli cell tight junctional complexes have been shown to be the most important structural counterpart of the physiological blood-testis barrier. In freeze etch replicas they consist of extensive rows of intramembranous particles which are not only oriented parallel to one another, but to the myoid layer as well. Thus the occluding complex has both an internal and an overall orientation. However, this overall orientation to the myoid layer does not seem to be necessary to its barrier function. The 20 day old rat has extensive parallel tight junctions which are not oriented with respect to the myoid layer, and yet they are inpenetrable by lanthanum. The mechanism(s) for the control of Sertoli cell junction development and orientation has not been established, although such factors as the presence or absence of germ cells, and/or hormones, especially FSH have been implicated.

Atomic structure of stair rod misfit dislocations at the GaAs on Si(100) interface

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-343
Author(s):  
D. Gerthsen
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Constant ◽  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Stacking Faults ◽  
Misfit Dislocations ◽  
Gaas On Si ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficients ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Intersection Line ◽  
Oriented Parallel

The prospect of technical applications has induced a lot of interest in the atomic structure of the GaAs on Si(100) interface and the defects in its vicinity which are often studied by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The interface structure is determined by the 4.1% lattice constant mismatch between GaAs and Si, the large difference between the thermal expansion coefficients and the polar/nonpolar nature of the GaAs on Si interface. The lattice constant mismatch is compensated by misfit dislocations which are characterized by a/2<110> Burgers vectors b which are oriented parallel or inclined on {111} planes with respect to the interface. Stacking faults are also frequently observed. They are terminated by partial dislocations with b = a/6<112> on {111} planes. In this report, the atomic structure of stair rod misfit dislocations is analysed which are located at the intersection line of two stacking faults at the interface.A very thin, discontinous film of GaAs has been grown by MBE on a Si(100) substrate. Fig.1.a. shows an interface section of a 27 nm wide GaAs island along [110] containing a stair rod dislocation. The image has been taken with a JEOL 2000EX with a spherical aberration constant Cs = 1 mm, a spread of focus Δz = 10 nm and an angle of beam convergence ϑ of 2 mrad.

Spindle shaped bodies in foveolar cones of the baboon retina

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 960-961
Author(s):  
W. Krebs ◽  
I. Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Papio Anubis ◽  
Retinal Photoreceptor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cone Cells ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Oriented Parallel ◽  
Shaped Inclusion

Various inclusion bodies occur in vertebrate retinal photoreceptor cells. Most of them are membrane bound and associated with phagocytosis or they are age related residual bodies. We found an additional inclusion body in foveal cone cells of the baboon (Papio anubis) retina.The eyes of a 15 year old baboon were fixed by immersion in cacodylate buffered glutaraldehyde (2%)/formaldehyde (2%) as described in detail elsewhere . Pieces of retina from various locations, including the fovea, were embedded in epoxy resin such that radial or tangential sections could be cut.Spindle shaped inclusion bodies were found in the cytoplasm of only foveal cones. They were abundant in the inner segments, close to the external limiting membrane (Fig. 1). But they also occurred in the outer fibers, the perikarya, and the inner fibers (Henle’s fibers) of the cone cells. The bodies were between 0.5 and 2 μm long. Their central diameter was 0.2 to 0. 3 μm. They always were oriented parallel to the long axis of the cone cells. In longitudinal sections (Figs. 2,3) they seemed to have a fibrous skeleton that, in cross sections, turned out to consist of plate-like (Fig.4) and tubular profiles (Fig. 5).

scholarly journals Global Ocean Studies from CALIOP/CALIPSO by Removing Polarization Crosstalk Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2769
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Lu ◽  
Yongxiang Hu ◽  
Ali Omar ◽  
Rosemary Baize ◽  
Mark Vaughan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polarization Plane ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Reference Plane ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
True Value ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Oriented Parallel ◽  
532 Nm

Recent studies indicate that the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) aboard the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) satellite provides valuable information about ocean phytoplankton distributions. CALIOP’s attenuated backscatter coefficients, measured at 532 nm in receiver channels oriented parallel and perpendicular to the laser’s linear polarization plane, are significantly improved in the Version 4 data product. However, due to non-ideal instrument effects, a small fraction of the backscattered optical power polarized parallel to the receiver polarization reference plane is misdirected into the perpendicular channel, and vice versa. This effect, known as polarization crosstalk, typically causes the measured perpendicular signal to be higher than its true value and the measured parallel signal to be lower than its true value. Therefore, the ocean optical properties derived directly from CALIOP’s measured signals will be biased if the polarization crosstalk effect is not taken into account. This paper presents methods that can be used to estimate the CALIOP crosstalk effects from on-orbit measurements. The global ocean depolarization ratios calculated both before and after removing the crosstalk effects are compared. Using CALIOP crosstalk-corrected signals is highly recommended for all ocean subsurface studies.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Multi-Bragg Peak Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Florian Lauraux ◽  
Stéphane Labat ◽  
Sarah Yehya ◽  
Marie-Ingrid Richard ◽  
Steven J. Leake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bragg Reflection ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystal Substrate ◽  
In Series ◽  
Diffraction Imaging ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Lattice Planes ◽  
Oriented Parallel

The simultaneous measurement of two Bragg reflections by Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction is demonstrated on a twinned Au crystal, which was prepared by the solid-state dewetting of a 30 nm thin gold film on a sapphire substrate. The crystal was oriented on a goniometer so that two lattice planes fulfill the Bragg condition at the same time. The Au 111 and Au 200 Bragg peaks were measured simultaneously by scanning the energy of the incident X-ray beam and recording the diffraction patterns with two two-dimensional detectors. While the former Bragg reflection is not sensitive to the twin boundary, which is oriented parallel to the crystal–substrate interface, the latter reflection is only sensitive to one part of the crystal. The volume ratio between the two parts of the twinned crystal is about 1:9, which is also confirmed by Laue microdiffraction of the same crystal. The parallel measurement of multiple Bragg reflections is essential for future in situ and operando studies, which are so far limited to either a single Bragg reflection or several in series, to facilitate the precise monitoring of both the strain field and defects during the application of external stimuli.

Echinoderm skeletal crystallography and paleobiological applications

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Bodenbender
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Structure ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Developmental Sequence ◽  
Coarse Scale ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Plate Morphology ◽  
Oriented Parallel ◽  
High Level

The crystallographic orientations of echinoderm skeletal elements can supplement standard morphological comparisons in the exploration of echinoderm evolution. At a coarse scale, many echinoderms share a crystallographic pattern in whichcaxes radiate away from the axis of pentaradial symmetry. Within this common pattern, however,caxes of different taxa can differ dramatically in their degree of variability, angles of inclination, and relationships to the external morphology of skeletal elements. Crystallographic data reflect a variety of taxon-specific influences and therefore reveal different information in different taxa. In echinoids, orientations ofcaxes in coronal plates correlate well with high-level taxonomic groupings, whilecaxes of apical plates record modes of larval development. In blastoids,caxes of radial plates have a structural interpretation, with thecaxis oriented parallel to the orientation of the surface of the radial plate during its initial growth stages. In crinoids,caxes do not correlate with taxonomic group, plate morphology, or developmental sequence, but instead correlate with relative positions of skeletal elements on the calyx. Although their full potential has yet to be explored, the varied crystallographic patterns in echinoderms have been used to clarify skeletal structure, characterize developmental anomalies, and infer homologies of skeletal plates both within specimens and between groups. A axes are less constrained in their orientations thancaxes and offer less promise of revealing novel paleobiological information.

Structure identification and IO space partitioning in a nonlinear fuzzy system for prediction of patient survival after surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabia Shabir Khan ◽  
S.M.K. Quadri
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Fuzzy Inference System ◽  
Fuzzy System ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Data Partitioning ◽  
Structure Identification ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy

Purpose As far as the treatment of most complex issues in the design is concerned, approaches based on classical artificial intelligence are inferior compared to the ones based on computational intelligence, particularly this involves dealing with vagueness, multi-objectivity and good amount of possible solutions. In practical applications, computational techniques have given best results and the research in this field is continuously growing. The purpose of this paper is to search for a general and effective intelligent tool for prediction of patient survival after surgery. The present study involves the construction of such intelligent computational models using different configurations, including data partitioning techniques that have been experimentally evaluated by applying them over realistic medical data set for the prediction of survival in pancreatic cancer patients. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of the experiments and research performed over the data belonging to various fields using different intelligent tools, the authors infer that combining or integrating the qualification aspects of fuzzy inference system and quantification aspects of artificial neural network can prove an efficient and better model for prediction. The authors have constructed three soft computing-based adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) models with different configurations and data partitioning techniques with an aim to search capable predictive tools that could deal with nonlinear and complex data. After evaluating the models over three shuffles of data (training set, test set and full set), the performances were compared in order to find the best design for prediction of patient survival after surgery. The construction and implementation of models have been performed using MATLAB simulator. Findings On applying the hybrid intelligent neuro-fuzzy models with different configurations, the authors were able to find its advantage in predicting the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer. Experimental results and comparison between the constructed models conclude that ANFIS with Fuzzy C-means (FCM) partitioning model provides better accuracy in predicting the class with lowest mean square error (MSE) value. Apart from MSE value, other evaluation measure values for FCM partitioning prove to be better than the rest of the models. Therefore, the results demonstrate that the model can be applied to other biomedicine and engineering fields dealing with different complex issues related to imprecision and uncertainty. Originality/value The originality of paper includes framework showing two-way flow for fuzzy system construction which is further used by the authors in designing the three simulation models with different configurations, including the partitioning methods for prediction of patient survival after surgery. Several experiments were carried out using different shuffles of data to validate the parameters of the model. The performances of the models were compared using various evaluation measures such as MSE.

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