A Unified Optic Nerve Head and Optic Cup Segmentation Using Unsupervised Neural Networks for Glaucoma Screening

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Ghassabi ◽  
Jamshid Shanbehzadeh ◽  
Kouros Nouri-Mahdavi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Glaucoma Screening ◽  
Optic Cup ◽  
Unsupervised Neural Networks

scholarly journals Analysis of Programmed Cell Death and Senescence Markers in the Developing Retina of an Altricial Bird Species

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Álvarez-Hernán ◽  
José Antonio de Mera-Rodríguez ◽  
Ismael Hernández-Núñez ◽  
Alfonso Marzal ◽  
Yolanda Gañán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Photoreceptor Layer ◽  
Optic Cup ◽  
Small Focus

This study shows the distribution patterns of apoptotic cells and biomarkers of cellular senescence during the ontogeny of the retina in the zebra finch (T. guttata). Neurogenesis in this altricial bird species is intense in the retina at perinatal and post-hatching stages, as opposed to precocial bird species in which retinogenesis occurs entirely during the embryonic period. Various phases of programmed cell death (PCD) were distinguishable in the T. guttata visual system. These included areas of PCD in the central region of the neuroretina at the stages of optic cup morphogenesis, and in the sub-optic necrotic centers (St15–20). A small focus of early neural PCD was detected in the neuroblastic layer, dorsal to the optic nerve head, coinciding with the appearance of the first differentiated neuroblasts (St24–St25). There were sparse pyknotic bodies in the non-laminated retina between St26 and St37. An intense wave of neurotrophic PCD was detected in the laminated retina between St42 and P8, the last post-hatching stage included in the present study. PCD was absent from the photoreceptor layer. Phagocytic activity was also detected in Müller cells during the wave of neurotrophic PCD. With regard to the chronotopographical staining patterns of senescence biomarkers, there was strong parallelism between the SA-β-GAL signal and p21 immunoreactivity in both the undifferentiated and the laminated retina, coinciding in the cell body of differentiated neurons. In contrast, no correlation was found between SA-β-GAL activity and the distribution of TUNEL-positive cells in the developing tissue.

Experimental Optic Cup Enlargement Caused by Endothelin-1–Induced Chronic Optic Nerve Head Ischemia

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S74-S84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehiro Oku ◽  
Tetsuya Sugiyama ◽  
Shota Kojima ◽  
Toshio Watanabe ◽  
Ikuo Azuma
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Optic Cup
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