Investigation of space passive hydrogen maser atomic beam formation system life-time

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pavlenko ◽  
K. Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Beam ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Hydrogen Maser ◽  
Beam Formation ◽  
System Life ◽  
Formation System

Studies of Beam Formation and Rest Gas Attenuation in Atomic Beam Sources

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stancari ◽  
L. Barion ◽  
G. Ciullo ◽  
P. F. Dalpiaz ◽  
W. Kubischta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Beam ◽  
Beam Formation

Trajectory Analysis of the Electronic-Optical System of Technological Gyrotron

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Oleg Plankin ◽  
Evgeny Semenov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Trajectory Analysis ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Rotational Energy ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Beam Formation ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Beam Parameters ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Formation System

The results of numerical modeling of the helical electronic beam formation system for technological gyrotron with operating frequency of 28 GHz are presented. The new code «ANGEL-2DS» designed to calculate the parameters of helical electronic beams in gyro-devices is described. Mathematical methods used in the code are briefly stated. We carried out the gyrotron trajectory analysis for the case of its usage for microwave processing of materials. The possibility of the formation of homogeneous helical electronic beams with a high degree of rotational energy is shown. The comparison of the calculated data obtained by various software with the experimental data is fulfilled. Accordance of calculation results to estimates of the electron beam parameters which are obtained by efficiency measurement is shown

HYDROGEN MASER FREQUENCY COMPARISON WITH SWISS CESIUM ATOMIC BEAM STANDARD

1965 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Peters ◽  
P. Kartaschoff
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Beam ◽  
Hydrogen Maser ◽  
Frequency Comparison

scholarly journals Organisatoriese doeltreffendheid in Suid-Afrika en Japan

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
H. J.J. Spoelstra
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Economic Success ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
Employment System ◽  
Supportive Role ◽  
Work Input ◽  
Organizational Ineffectiveness ◽  
System Life

Organizational effectiveness in South Africa and Japan. Japan's extraordinary economic success of the past century makes it an excellent source of comparison with South Africa where economic success is still hampered by problems such as low productivity, unemployment and organizational ineffectiveness. In Japan the principles of utilization of manpower are based on the high priority given to labour as a factor of production. The life-time employment system, life-time training and seniority as motive for promotion and remuneration are examples of labour deployment. Decisions are initiated at the lowest levels and only arrived at by consensus while the only role of management is to maintain harmony during the process. Individual work input is high and labour unions play an important and supportive role in the effective functioning of organizations.Die besondere sukses van die Japanse ekonomie gedurende die afgelope eeu maak die land 'n uitstekende bron van vergelyking met Suid-Afrika waar ekonomiese sukses nog relatief laag is as gevolg van probleme soos lae produktiwiteit, werkloosheid en organisatoriese doeltreffendheid. In Japan word arbeidsbenuttingsbeginsels gefundeer in die besondere prioriteit wat aan arbeid as produksiefaktor toegeskryf word. Lewenslange indiensneming, lewenslange opleiding en die senioriteitsbeginsel by bevordering en vergoeding is voorbeelde van die benutting van arbeid. Besluite word op die laagste vlakke geinisieer en slegs deur konsensus bereik. Bestuur sien slegs toe dat harmonie in die proses gehandhaaf word. lndividuele werkinset is hoog en vakbonde speel 'n belangrike en ondersteunende rol in die doeltreffende funksionering van organisasies.

scholarly journals NSC KIPT POSITRON SOURCE. PRE-PROJECT RESEARCH

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
E.V. Bulyak ◽  
A.N. Dovbnya ◽  
V.A. Kushnir ◽  
V.V. Mytrochenko ◽  
S.A. Perezhogin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Beam ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Positron Source ◽  
Positron Energy ◽  
Rf Cavity ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Beam Formation ◽  
Beam Parameters ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Formation System

We present the results of theoretical and numerical studies on the source of slow positrons for NSC KIPT. The positrons are intended to generate with the electrons of 9, 40 or 90 MeV available at the KIPT electron linacs. The yield of positrons from the conversion target is estimated as well as their spatial-angular characteristics. Optimal parameters of the conversion target for each energy of electrons are estimated. Preliminary design of the positron beam formation system is also presented. Qualitative analytical dependencies of the positron beam parameters at the system exit upon the amplitude and the decrease factor of the magnetic field in the Adiabatic Matching Device (AMD) solenoid have been established. These dependencies have been used for system optimization. Numerical simulations allow to optimize the parameters of AMD for solenoid available in the laboratory. Possible application of the subharmonic RF cavity for reduction of the energy of positrons has also been estimated and validated by the simulations. As it has been shown, this cavity can substantially decrease the positron energy and thus facilitate operation of the moderator.

scholarly journals An energy consumption minimization approach in wireless sensor networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1485
Author(s):  
Muhsin J. Al-Amery ◽  
Mohammed H. Ghadban
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
General System ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Heads ◽  
System Life ◽  
Time Division

There is no doubt that the most challenging aspect in the wireless sensor networks (WSN) is the lifetime, due to limitations in their energy. WSN depends on a specific group of sensor nodes to gather the data from other nodes and forward it to the base station (BS). These nodes are called cluster heads. Having reliable cluster head’s (CH) means longer life to the network. In this paper, a versatile calculation has been acquainted and analyzed for selecting the CH that maintains the least vitality utilization in the network with appropriate life time during every correspondence round. The altered methodology depends on the improved calendar of the time division multiple access (TDMA) plans. This methodology is created to decide the next CH based on lifetime, expended vitality, number of CH’s, and the frequent contact to the BS. A comparative analysis is introduced, the proposed algorithm assistant cluster heads (ACHS) shows energizing outcomes in vitality utilization in WSNs just as expanding the general system dependability with reasonable viability and productivity in terms of lifetime. The ACHS strategy shows a decrease in the WSN vitality utilization up to about 25% and shows an expansion in the system life time by 30% than the upgraded timetable of time TDMA plan approach.

Multiobjective Strategy for an Industrial Gas Turbine

2018 ◽  
pp. 531-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ganesan ◽  
Mohd Shiraz Aris ◽  
Elamvazuthi I.
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Plant Optimization ◽  
Air Intake ◽  
System Life ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

In gas power plants, the overall efficiency of the generation system plays a key role in ensuring stable and efficient power supply. Terms of power supply are usually detailed in power purchase agreements (PPA). Current requirements set by PPAs limit the net power produced by the supplier. This creates opportunities for plant optimization to focus on system efficiency - aiming to increase system life-time with lower operational costs. In this chapter, a gas turbine (GT) system is considered to demonstrate certain features of power plant optimization. Waste heat from the GT exhaust stack is fed into an absorption chiller (AC). The AC cools the air intake at the GT compressor. This cooling reduces the heat rate and increases the GT efficiency. This combined GT-AC system is optimized in a multiobjective setting while considering power limitations (imposed by the PPA). The enhanced chaotic differential evolution (CEDE) is employed for optimizing this system. The obtained results are presented and analyzed in detail.

Beam formation at the Munich atomic beam source

1998 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 750-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hertenberger ◽  
Y. Eisermann ◽  
A. Hofmann ◽  
A. Metz ◽  
P. Schiemenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Beam ◽  
Beam Source ◽  
Atomic Beam Source ◽  
Beam Formation

An Alternative Approach to PV System Life Cycle Cost Analysis (PV LCC): Phase II

Solar Energy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Larsen ◽  
Jennifer Szaro ◽  
William Wilson ◽  
Kevin Lynn
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Total System ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Reliability Data ◽  
Cost Performance ◽  
System Life ◽  
The Impact

This analysis expands the photovoltaic (PV) life cycle cost (LCC) results presented at ASES 2004. That paper presented the model and concept used to develop PV LCC, and it showed the results of the analysis of over one hundred systems monitored by the Florida Solar Energy Center (FSEC). FSEC began tracking cost, performance and reliability data for systems installed in Florida in 1998, with data now available through a web-accessible database. For the majority of the 124 systems, installed cost information was collected as part of the state’s PV rebate and PV for schools programs. Results presented previously [1] indicated that over an assumed 20–30 system life time a PV system will have a positive life cycle cost. That is, a negative total return on investment. These results were based on actual cost, performance, maintenance, and reliability data. In the baseline case, average total system costs over the lifetime were 32.4¢/kWh while electricity savings totaled 3.7¢/kWh netting a life cycle cost of 28.7¢/kWh. While based on actual data from over 100 installed systems — some installed for over 6 years — a number of conservative assumptions also drove the analysis, such as the exclusion of the state’s rebate programs (varying from $2 to $5 per DC Watt) which impacted nearly all of the systems in the analysis. Since the first presentation of these results the PV LCC model has been further developed to incorporate additional performance information and expands the sample of systems incorporated. This paper will thus provide further insight into the relative importance of various up-front and on-going costs to the overall lifetime economics of a system. The paper will also address additional sensitivity analysis performed. Particular attention is paid to inverter mean time between failure (MTBF), the impact of incentives, and basic financial assumptions used in the model such as the discount rate and electricity rates. Various scenarios are considered in asking the question of what is necessary for the system LCC to break-even.

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