A classification of linear controllable systems on time scale

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Ciulkin ◽  
Ewa Pawluszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Controllable Systems

scholarly journals A EEG-based emotion recognition model with rhythm and time characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhuo Yan ◽  
Shangbin Chen ◽  
Sinuo Deng
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Recognition Model ◽  
Memory Network ◽  
Long Short Term Memory ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Memory Characteristics

Abstract As an advanced function of the human brain, emotion has a significant influence on human studies, works, and other aspects of life. Artificial Intelligence has played an important role in recognizing human emotion correctly. EEG-based emotion recognition (ER), one application of Brain Computer Interface (BCI), is becoming more popular in recent years. However, due to the ambiguity of human emotions and the complexity of EEG signals, the EEG-ER system which can recognize emotions with high accuracy is not easy to achieve. Based on the time scale, this paper chooses the recurrent neural network as the breakthrough point of the screening model. According to the rhythmic characteristics and temporal memory characteristics of EEG, this research proposes a Rhythmic Time EEG Emotion Recognition Model (RT-ERM) based on the valence and arousal of Long–Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM). By applying this model, the classification results of different rhythms and time scales are different. The optimal rhythm and time scale of the RT-ERM model are obtained through the results of the classification accuracy of different rhythms and different time scales. Then, the classification of emotional EEG is carried out by the best time scales corresponding to different rhythms. Finally, by comparing with other existing emotional EEG classification methods, it is found that the rhythm and time scale of the model can contribute to the accuracy of RT-ERM.

The Application of the European Time Scale to the Upper Tertiary of North America

1940 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy E. Pilgrim
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Upper Miocene ◽  
As Species ◽  
Individual Opinion

Matthew's provisional classification of the freshwater Tertiary of Western America in 1899 was succeeded ten years later by a detailed correlation of the American Tertiary Mammal horizons with those of Europe, published by Osborn and himself in 1909. At that time these authors placed the Pikermi horizon of Europe (Pontian) in the Upper Miocene and the Val d'Arno horizon (Villafranchian) in the Upper Pliocene. They in common with many later writers subsequently adopted a Lower Pliocene and Pleistocene age respectively for the two horizons named. Allowing for this change of view, Osborn's and Matthew's correlation has been substantially followed, with a few modifications due to individual opinion, by all later authorities. The reasons for it were somewhat elaborated by Osborn in his Age of Mammals (1910). It is evident that the Equidae formed the basis for it. The appearance of the genera Anchitherium (as species of Kalobatippus and Hypohippus were then named), Hipparion and Equus in North America were assumed to be approximately contemporaneous with their appearance in Europe. That North America was at any rate the main, if not the exclusive radiative centre for the distribution of the Equidae has been universally acknowledged. Hence Osborn's and Matthew's choice of this group as a standard of age seemed to be fully justified. In accordance with it the first Hipparion beds of North America were regarded as Pontian.

scholarly journals Global metallogeny of tantalum through geological time

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-37
Author(s):  
A. V. Tkachev ◽  
D. V. Rundqvist ◽  
N. A. Vishnevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Geological Time Scale ◽  
Weathering Crusts

The distribution of tantalum-bearing mineral deposits and their tantalum resources are analyzed on the geological time scale. The sampling list includes 65 mineral deposits with their individual resource estimations above two thousand tonnes of Ta2О5. The used classification of the deposits includes five types: pegmatitic, granitic, alkaligranitic, foidic, and carbonatitic ones. Placers and ore-bearing weathering crusts are considered together with their endogenous hard ore sources. The geohistorical variability in tantalum metallogeny is presented through a comparison of supercontinent cycles. The Rodinian cycle gives the most significant amount of the resources with the lions share concentrated in exceptionally voluminous deposits of the foidic type. In descending order, it is followed by the Pangean and Columbian cycles, with the alkaligranitic and foidic types dominating in their resources. The Kenoran cycle, which is next in our resource ranging, stands out for its monotypic presentation, because only pegmatite tantalum deposits were generated in it. The current Amasian cycle has the smallest resource amount which is accounted for by the cycles incompleteness. The Amasian-aged resources are distributed between the alkaligranitic, granitic, and pegmatitic deposit types more or less evenly. In general, the pegmatitic and granitic types resources are of primary importance for tantalum extraction due to their mineralogical peculiarities. The pegmatitic type tantalum deposits were generated in all the cycles, while the granitic type objects were formed in the Pangean and Amasian cycles only. The most considerable resources concentrated in these two deposit types belong to the Kenoran and Pangean cycles.

scholarly journals Classification of the Third and Fourth Heart Sounds using Intrinsic Time-Scale Decomposition and Support Vector Machine Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1172-1177
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Signal Analysis ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Heart Sounds ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Intrinsic Time ◽  
Time Scale Decomposition

The two diastolic heart sounds reflecting the malfunctionality of heart are third and fourth heartsounds(S3 and S4). Early detection of heart failures can decrease the risk by identifying the abnormal heart sounds through Phonocardiogram (PCG) signal analysis. In this paper abnormal heart sounds are identified and classified using Intrinsic time scale decomposition (ITD) and Support vector machine (SVM). The proposed framework has been tested on authenticated database signals under abnormal conditions. The success rate is really conquering for the SVM classifier with an accuracy over 94% in the S3 detection and 91% for the S4, which reveals the effectiveness and high efficiency of the proposed work

Classification of Signals with Unknown Time Scale by Autoregressive Modeling

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-407
Author(s):  
Chanchal Chatterjee ◽  
R L Kashyap ◽  
Rabindar Madan
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Autoregressive Modeling

scholarly journals Hubungan Indeks Osilasi Selatan dan Indeks Curah Hujan terhadap Kejadian Kekeringan di Kabupaten Indramayu, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
BOEDI TJAHJONO ◽  
BABA BARUS ◽  
NINA WIDIANA DAROJATI
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Extreme Drought ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Strong Relation

Indramayu district experiences frequent droughts that leads to many paddy fields harvest failure. Since the district is one of the national granary, this disaster needs to be addressed urgently. This study aimed to assess the level of dryness in Indramayu using Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and its relation with the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The study used monthly rainfall data from 1996 to 2013 observed by 19 stations and the score of SOI that came from the Bureau of Meteorology of Australia. The method used quantitative approach using SPI and software SPI_sl_6.exe. Drought indices was measured in four different time scale which are 1, 3, and 6 month(s) (for the short term period) and the 12 months time scale (for the long term period). SPI’s assessment was classified in accordance with the classification of WMO (World Meteorological Organization) which consist of seven classes, ranging from wet extreme to dry extreme class. The results showed that the occurence of "very dry" to "dry extreme“ drought was occured mainly from February 1997 to January 1998 at most stations, while for some stations, it lasted until March 1998. The drought period was lasted from nine to ten months. In 2002 to 2003, the droughts that classified as "very dry" on a 3 and 6 months time scale lasted about five months, while the 12 months time scale was lasted about nine months. SPI value that obtained from different time scales has a strong relation with the value of SOI. The negative value of SOI tends to be followed by the negative value of SPI, and vice versa. SOI that has negative value below -7 and occured in a long period (more than three months) indicates a prolonged El Nino which occurred in 1997 and 2002/2003 when the research area was struck by "being dry" to "dry extreme" drought state.

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