scholarly journals Analysing the History of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Topic Models

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adham Beykikhoshk ◽  
Dinh Phung ◽  
Ognjen Arandjelovic ◽  
Svetha Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Topic Models ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The dysregulation profile in preschoolers with and without a family history of autism spectrum disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Miller ◽  
Ana‐Maria Iosif ◽  
Gregory S. Young ◽  
Laura J. Bell ◽  
A.J. Schwichtenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dysregulation Profile

scholarly journals Motor atypicalities in infancy are associated with general developmental level at 2 years, but not autistic symptoms

Autism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1650-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Achermann ◽  
Pär Nyström ◽  
Sven Bölte ◽  
Terje Falck-Ytter
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Motion Capture ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Developmental Level ◽  
Infant Siblings ◽  
Motor Functioning ◽  
History Of ◽  
Autistic Symptoms

Atypical motor development has frequently been reported in infants at elevated likelihood for autism spectrum disorder. However, no previous study has used detailed motion capture technology to compare infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder and infant siblings with no familial history of autism spectrum disorder. We investigated reaching movements during an interceptive action task in 10-month-old infants using kinematic data with high spatiotemporal resolution. The results indicated that several measures were different in infants at elevated likelihood. However, longitudinal analyses revealed that while specific infant motor measures (e.g. number of movement units) were related to broad measures of general developmental level in toddlerhood, the associations with later autism spectrum disorder symptomatology were not significant. These findings confirm that some aspects of motor functioning are atypical in infants at elevated likelihood for autism spectrum disorder, but provide no support for the view that these issues are specifically linked to autism spectrum disorder symptoms, but may rather reflect neurodevelopment more generally. Lay abstract Atypicalities in motor functioning are often observed in later born infant siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder. The goal of our study was to investigate motor functioning in infants with and without familial history of autism spectrum disorder. Specifically, we investigated how infants catch a ball that is rolling toward them following a non-straight path, a task that requires both efficient planning and execution. Their performance was measured using detailed three-dimensional motion capture technology. We found that several early motor functioning measures were different in infants with an older autistic sibling compared to controls. However, these early motor measures were not related to autistic symptoms at the age of 2 years. Instead, we found that some of the early motor measures were related to their subsequent non-social, general development. The findings of our study help us understand motor functioning early in life and how motor functioning is related to other aspects of development.

scholarly journals A symptom-based approach to treatment of psychosis in autism spectrum disorder

BJPsych Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Bell ◽  
Henry Dunne ◽  
Tharun Zacharia ◽  
Katrina Brooker ◽  
Sukhi Shergill
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
History Of

SummaryThe optimal management of autism with psychosis remains unclear. This report describes a 22-year-old man with autism and psychosis who was referred to a tertiary-level specialist psychosis service, following a 6-year history of deterioration in mental health starting around the time of sitting GCSE examinations and an episode of bullying at school. We describe the individualised symptom-based approach that was effective in his treatment.Declaration of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.

scholarly journals Addressing medical needs of adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders in a primary care setting

Autism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssra Saqr ◽  
Erika Braun ◽  
Kyle Porter ◽  
Debra Barnette ◽  
Christopher Hanks
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Adults With Autism ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Medical Regimen ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
History Of

Little has been reported about how to improve health care access and delivery for adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder. To understand the contributions to the health disparities in the autism spectrum disorder population, we conducted two independent research approaches to learn about current medical needs. A retrospective chart review was performed to evaluate medical comorbidities and medication use. A focus group was also created to address barriers faced in providing medical care. Of 126 charts reviewed, 49% (n = 62) had intellectual disability, 49% (n = 62) had attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, 52% (n = 65) had anxiety, 41% (n = 52) had obesity, 31% (n = 39) with a history of aggressive behavior, 31% (n = 31) had depression, 22% (n = 28) had seizures, and 9% (n = 11) had hypertension. A Medical Regimen Complexity Index score was determined to examine medication use trends in the autism spectrum disorder population. Medical Regimen Complexity Index scores were significantly higher for patients with intellectual disability, patients with seizures, and patients with a history of aggressive behavior. Both the focus group and our pre-visit assessment identified the waiting room and waiting time as barriers to care. Understanding the comorbidities, polypharmacy, and medical barriers should provide a better understanding of the current health care access and delivery needs of adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder.

scholarly journals Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis in a Patient with a History of Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-235
Author(s):  
Xavier Diao ◽  
Milana Mor
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Antipsychotic Agents ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Nmda Receptor Encephalitis ◽  
History Of

Background: Anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune syndrome characterized by a well-described constellation of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Its exact pathophysiology is poorly understood, but it is thought to be mediated by autoantibodies against NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate)-type glutamate receptors in the central nervous system. There is ongoing literature to suggest that patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have evidence of neuroinflammation—or by definition, encephalitis. Objective: To investigate the link between autism spectrum disorder and autoimmune encephalitides. Methods: We present a case of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in a patient with autism spectrum disorder. “OP” is a 16-year-old male with a history of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who presented with a 3-day history of acute-onset altered mental status, electroencephalogram (EEG)-corroborated seizures, and slurred speech. Laboratory studies were significant for serum- and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-positive NMDA antibodies. The child psychiatry consult-liaison service was consulted for significant agitation and behavioral dyscontrol. We recommended 1:1 observation for safety, as well as antipsychotic agents titrated to clinical effect. The patient had a protracted hospital course, but was eventually discharged to an acute rehabilitation facility for continued stabilization and therapy. Conclusion: It remains to be seen if the relation between encephalitis and ASD is uni- or bidirectional, that is: whether children with ASD have a genetic diathesis to developing encephalitides (such as those mediated by the NMDAR), or conversely, if deranged or inflamed neuroreceptor processes are implicated in the development of ASD.

A STUDY OF DEMOGRAPHIC AND RISK FACTORS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
Bobby Hmar ◽  
Suresh Chakravorty ◽  
Ammu Anil ◽  
Ripunjay Khatoniar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Lower Segment Caesarean Section ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
History Of

Background of the study: Various risk factors have been reported in the development of Autism spectrum Disorder. The aim of our study is to explore the demographic and perinatal risk factors implicated in the development of ASD. A retrospective study was conducted with data of 49 children with ASD and found that total 71.3% of children were male 73.5% were in rst birth order. Out of 49 children 53.1% had history of Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS). Indication of LSCS due to various obstetric or perinatal risk factors were reported in 17 cases. Three children had history of low birth weight with history of admission into Neonatal ICU. The study also explore the various co morbidity and found that ADHD (20.4%) was most common comorbidity followed by Mental retardation(18.4%), ADHD and MR(12.2%), seizure disorder and MR (8.2 %). This study found that male gender, rst birth order and perinatal risk factors are implicated in the development of Autism spectrum Disorder and majority of them have one or more another neuro developmental disorder as a comorbidity.

scholarly journals Autism Spectrum Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany A Morris ◽  
Erica Schacht
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Journal Article ◽  
Gene List ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of

About 1 in 59 children has been identified with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). ASD is reported to be 4 times more common among boys than girls. ASD affects all racial, ethical, and socioeconomic groups. The purpose of this journal article is to explain the history of Autism, different types of Autism, the characteristics, sign/symptoms, and medical conditions associated, the diagnosing process, genetic factors, environmental factors and more. The debate about the vaccinations and how some parents still believe that vaccines are making children Autistic are discussed throughout. Genetic testing is emphasized because the topic is of special interest. In the article are included charts from the organization showing gene list and charts that shows evidence of how individuals are placed on the spectrum, including how severe or mild. The goal of the article is to find out if this disorder originate from genetics or from the environment.

Case of paediatric catatonia precipitated by antipsychotic withdrawal in a child with autism spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e240785
Author(s):  
Mohd Faisal ◽  
Vishnu Pradeep ◽  
Susan O'Hanrahan
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Total Daily Dose ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
History Of

A 13-year-old girl with moderate intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was admitted to the paediatric high-dependency unit following an 8-week history of altered mental status and motor behaviour. Her symptoms emerged followed shortly after discontinuation of risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic previously commenced to manage disruptive behaviour associated with ASD. On physical examination, the patient presented with negativism, grimacing, automatic obedience, waxy flexibility and ambitendency. Blood tests, neuroimaging and lumbar puncture failed to reveal an acute infectious or neurological precipitant. She responded immediately to a trial of intramuscular lorazepam titrated to a total daily dose of 12 mg. This case presents challenges of accurately diagnosing and managing catatonic symptoms in adolescent patients with ASD. We also discuss the potential risk of precipitating catatonia following the discontinuation of antipsychotic treatment that has been prescribed for a prolonged duration.

Working with Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2017 ◽  
pp. 182-203
Author(s):  
Lynn Kern Koegel ◽  
Sunny Kim ◽  
Robert L. Koegel
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
School Mental Health ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Adolescents With Autism ◽  
History Of

The chapter “Working with Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders,” in School Mental Health Services for Adolescents, provides information and guidance related to identification and referral, evidence-based practices, and service delivery issues and models for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The authors open the chapter with a brief history of autism, beginning with the category of Pervasive Developmental Disorder in the DSM-III in 1980, and culminating with the changes made in criteria for ASD in the DSM-5 in 2013. Next, the authors explore issues related to assessment, including diagnosis of ASD during adolescence and assessing challenges to be targeted in schools. They then describe evidence-based practices that can be implemented to train teachers and paraprofessionals, intervene with ASD, and avoid problems before they occur. Finally, the authors present service delivery issues and models when working with adolescents with ASD in secondary schools.

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