Statistical Characteristics of Velocity of Movements of Limbs in Young Infants during the Conjugate Reinforcement Mobile Task

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Saji ◽  
H. Watanabe ◽  
G. Taga
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Conjugate Reinforcement ◽  
Mobile Task

Direct Measurement of the Listening of Hearing-Impaired Children

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Mira
Keyword(s):  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Reinforcement System ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Conjugate Reinforcement ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Hearing Impaired Children

Listening, a significant dimension of the behavior of hearing-impaired children, may be measured directly by recording childrens' responses to obtain audio narrations programmed via a conjugate reinforcement system. Twelve hearing-impaired, school-aged children responded in varying ways to the opportunity to listen. Direct and continuous measurement of listening has relevance for evaluation of remediation methods and for discovery of variables potentially related to listening.

Food for Thought on Pediatric Feeding and Swallowing

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan C. Arvedson
Keyword(s):  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Silent Aspiration ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
Nutrition And Hydration ◽  
Pediatric Feeding ◽  
Areas Of Concern ◽  
And Function

Abstract “Food for Thought” provides an opportunity for review of pertinent topics to add to updates in areas of concern for professionals involved with feeding and swallowing issues in infants and children. Given the frequency with which speech-language pathologists (SLPs) make decisions to alter feedings when young infants demonstrate silent aspiration on videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS), the need for increased understanding about cough and its development/maturation is a high priority. In addition, understanding of the role(s) of laryngeal chemoreflexes (LCRs), relationships (or lack of relationships) between cough and esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux (GER), and chronic salivary aspiration is critical. Decision making regarding management must take into account multiple systems and their interactions in order to provide safe feeding for all children to meet nutrition and hydration needs without being at risk for pulmonary problems. The responsibility is huge and should encourage all to search the literature so that clinical practice is as evidence-based as possible; this often requires adequate understanding of developmentally appropriate neurophysiology and function.

Hearing and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Young Infants with Parechovirus-A and Enterovirus Meningitis: Cohort Study in Singapore Children and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elis Yuexian Lee ◽  
Jessica Hui Yin Tan ◽  
Chew Thye Choong ◽  
Nancy Wen Sim Tee ◽  
Chia Yin Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Cortical Blindness ◽  
Speech Delay ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Young Infants

Abstract Parechovirus-A (PeV-A) and Enterovirus (EV) commonly cause childhood aseptic meningitis. Bacterial meningitis in children has been associated with devastating long-term sequelae. However, developmental outcomes are unclear in Parechovirus meningitis. This study aims to review the clinical findings and developmental outcomes of infants with PeV-A and EV meningitis. We performed a retrospective study of infants aged 90 days or younger being admitted to our hospital with PeV-A meningitis between November 2015 and July 2017, with positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PeV-A PCR and negative blood and CSF bacterial cultures. Hearing and neurodevelopmental outcomes were compared with a previous cohort of infants aged 90 days or younger with EV meningitis admitted from January 2015 to December 2015. A total of 161 infants were included in our study, of which 68 infants (42.2%) had PeV-A meningitis and 93 infants (57.8%) had EV meningitis. We assessed their developmental outcome at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years post-meningitis. At 2 years post-meningitis, three infants with PeV-A meningitis had developmental delay (5.5%), whereas none with EV meningitis had developmental delay. One patient had speech delay and autism spectrum disorder, while two had mild speech delay. When compared with our cohort of EV meningitis ≤90 days old, children with PeV-A meningitis ≤90 days old were more likely to have developmental delay 2 years post-meningitis (odds ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 2.0–3.0, p = 0.043). None of the patients with PeV-A or EV meningitis had sensorineural hearing loss or neurological sequelae, such as cortical blindness, oropharyngeal dysphagia, hydrocephalus, epilepsy, or cerebral palsy. Infants with PeV-A meningitis had a significant risk of developmental delay 2 years post-meningitis compared with those with EV meningitis. It is important to follow-up the developmental milestones of infants diagnosed with PeV-A meningitis for at least 2 years; and when they develop developmental delay, to ensure that they receive appropriate intervention.

Influence of Yield Strength Variability over Cross-Section to Steel Beam Load-Carrying Capacity

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kala ◽  
Z. Kala
Keyword(s):  
Yield Strength ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Strength Variability ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled Steel

Authors of article analysed influence of variability of yield strength over cross-section of hot rolled steel member to its load-carrying capacity. In calculation models, the yield strength is usually taken as constant. But yield strength of a steel hot-rolled beam is generally a random quantity. Not only the whole beam but also its parts have slightly different material characteristics. According to the results of more accurate measurements, the statistical characteristics of the material taken from various cross-section points (e.g. from a web and a flange) are, however, more or less different. This variation is described by one dimensional random field. The load-carrying capacity of the beam IPE300 under bending moment at its ends with the lateral buckling influence included is analysed, nondimensional slenderness according to EC3 is λ¯ = 0.6. For this relatively low slender beam the influence of the yield strength on the load-carrying capacity is large. Also the influence of all the other imperfections as accurately as possible, the load-carrying capacity was determined by geometrically and materially nonlinear solution of very accurate FEM model by the ANSYS programme.

Implementation of a Clinical Pathway to Avoid Lumbar Puncture in Febrile Young Infants Aged 29-56 Days Meeting a Set of Low Risk Criteria

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 137 (Supplement 3) ◽  
pp. 282A-282A
Author(s):  
Payal K. Gala ◽  
Ashlee L Murray ◽  
Aileen P. Schast ◽  
Christian Minich ◽  
Ashley L. Woodford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Clinical Pathway ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Criteria ◽  
Young Infants
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