Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS) consists of the orchestration
of single intelligent and connected cyber-physical systems (CPS) in order to
perform what we call smart manufacturing. CPS collaborate in an intelligent way
in order to obtain and maintain the optimum of the manufacturing process, handle
disturbances and adapt to changing conditions. It might not be easy for small and
medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to implement such production system
architectures in their shop floor. In this paper, we want to investigate existing
scientific literature through a systematic literature review in order to identify the
main research fields for implementing CPPS in smart SME factories. As a result,
the identified research fields are critically discussed, highlighting those fields that
can be identified as the most difficult challenges for SMEs in the near future and
giving directions for future research activities.