A Grammar Based Approach to BPMN Model Semantic Preservation using Refinement

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Ayari ◽  
Yousra Bendali Hlaoui ◽  
Leila Ben Ayed
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Preservation

scholarly journals Semantic-Preserving Adversarial Text Attacks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghao Yang ◽  
Yongshun Gong ◽  
Weifeng Liu ◽  
JAMES BAILEY ◽  
Tianqing Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Text Documents ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Adversarial Attack ◽  
Semantic Preservation ◽  
Adversarial Example

Deep learning models are known immensely brittle to adversarial image examples, yet their vulnerability in text classification is insufficiently explored. Existing text adversarial attack strategies can be roughly divided into three categories, i.e., character-level attack, word-level attack, and sentence-level attack. Despite the success brought by recent text attack methods, how to induce misclassification with the minimal text modifications while keeping the lexical correctness, syntactic soundness, and semantic consistency simultaneously is still a challenge. To examine the vulnerability of deep models, we devise a Bigram and Unigram based adaptive Semantic Preservation Optimization (BU-SPO) approach which attacks text documents not only at a unigram word level but also at a bigram level to avoid generating meaningless sentences. We also present a hybrid attack strategy that collects substitution words from both synonyms and sememe candidates, to enrich the potential candidate set. Besides, a Semantic Preservation Optimization (SPO) method is devised to determine the word substitution priority and reduce the perturbation cost. Furthermore, we constraint the SPO with a semantic Filter (dubbed SPOF) to improve the semantic similarity between the input text and the adversarial example. To estimate the effectiveness of our proposed methods, BU-SPO and BU-SPOF, we attack four victim deep learning models trained on three real-world text datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that our approaches accomplish the highest semantics consistency and attack success rates by making the minimal word modifications compared with competitive methods.

scholarly journals Semantic-Preserving Adversarial Text Attacks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghao Yang ◽  
Yongshun Gong ◽  
Weifeng Liu ◽  
JAMES BAILEY ◽  
Tianqing Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Text Documents ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Adversarial Attack ◽  
Semantic Preservation ◽  
Adversarial Example

Deep learning models are known immensely brittle to adversarial image examples, yet their vulnerability in text classification is insufficiently explored. Existing text adversarial attack strategies can be roughly divided into three categories, i.e., character-level attack, word-level attack, and sentence-level attack. Despite the success brought by recent text attack methods, how to induce misclassification with the minimal text modifications while keeping the lexical correctness, syntactic soundness, and semantic consistency simultaneously is still a challenge. To examine the vulnerability of deep models, we devise a Bigram and Unigram based adaptive Semantic Preservation Optimization (BU-SPO) approach which attacks text documents not only at a unigram word level but also at a bigram level to avoid generating meaningless sentences. We also present a hybrid attack strategy that collects substitution words from both synonyms and sememe candidates, to enrich the potential candidate set. Besides, a Semantic Preservation Optimization (SPO) method is devised to determine the word substitution priority and reduce the perturbation cost. Furthermore, we constraint the SPO with a semantic Filter (dubbed SPOF) to improve the semantic similarity between the input text and the adversarial example. To estimate the effectiveness of our proposed methods, BU-SPO and BU-SPOF, we attack four victim deep learning models trained on three real-world text datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that our approaches accomplish the highest semantics consistency and attack success rates by making the minimal word modifications compared with competitive methods.

scholarly journals Instructional footprinting and semantic preservation in Linda

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Landry ◽  
James D. Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Preservation

Deep hash image retrieval based on supervised semantic preservation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulong Xia ◽  
Hong Yu ◽  
Shuyin Xia ◽  
Hongyuan Shan ◽  
Wanming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Image Retrieval ◽  
Semantic Preservation
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