Augmenting cognition in complex situation management: Projection of outcomes improves strategy efficiency

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lafond ◽  
Michel B. DuCharme ◽  
Marie-Eve St-Louis ◽  
Sebastien Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Complex Situation

Using Interprofessional Simulation to Enhance Student Knowledge and Promote Collaborative Practice in Disaster Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 237337992098757
Author(s):  
Matthew Fifolt ◽  
Michelle Brown ◽  
Elena Kidd ◽  
Meena Nabavi ◽  
Heather Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Collaborative Practice ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Gain ◽  
Student Knowledge ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Incident Command

Introduction. Experiential learning activities, such as simulations, strengthen student learning by allowing students to apply didactic knowledge to real-world settings. Moreover, simulation-based interprofessional education supports teamwork and skill development as outlined in accreditation standards for many health and health-related academic programs. The purpose of this article is to describe the role of interprofessional simulation in enhancing student knowledge and promoting collaborative practice for disaster management. Method. Multiple data sources were used to assess a simulated EF-5 tornado disaster event including an observational protocol, a disaster simulation survey, and a survey from the Office of Interprofessional Simulation for Innovative Clinical Practice. Results. Students reported increased satisfaction and knowledge with applying skills associated with interprofessional practice, including communication, teamwork, and collaboration. Additionally, students identified skills that could be broadly applied to a range of work settings on graduation such as seeking role clarity, utilizing job action sheets, and responding to a complex situation. Notably, students reported increased levels of knowledge gain of the incident command structure after applying knowledge from didactic sessions to the simulation. Conclusion. Simulation is an innovative strategy for integrating theory and practice to best prepare graduates for the dynamic world in which they live and work. Experiential learning opportunities appeal to the assumptions of adult learning, promote the skills that employers value, and bridge the competencies of multiple academic disciplines that frequently operate in silos. Institutional leaders should view experiential learning as a critical component of student learning and an investment in workforce development.

scholarly journals Coupling Machine Learning and Lipidomics as a Tool to Investigate Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. A General Overview

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Helena Castañé ◽  
Gerard Baiges-Gaya ◽  
Anna Hernández-Aguilera ◽  
Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs ◽  
Salvador Fernández-Arroyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Diagnosis Accuracy

Hepatic biopsy is the gold standard for staging nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Unfortunately, accessing the liver is invasive, requires a multidisciplinary team and is too expensive to be conducted on large segments of the population. NAFLD starts quietly and can progress until liver damage is irreversible. Given this complex situation, the search for noninvasive alternatives is clinically important. A hallmark of NAFLD progression is the dysregulation in lipid metabolism. In this context, recent advances in the area of machine learning have increased the interest in evaluating whether multi-omics data analysis performed on peripheral blood can enhance human interpretation. In the present review, we show how the use of machine learning can identify sets of lipids as predictive biomarkers of NAFLD progression. This approach could potentially help clinicians to improve the diagnosis accuracy and predict the future risk of the disease. While NAFLD has no effective treatment yet, the key to slowing the progression of the disease may lie in predictive robust biomarkers. Hence, to detect this disease as soon as possible, the use of computational science can help us to make a more accurate and reliable diagnosis. We aimed to provide a general overview for all readers interested in implementing these methods.

scholarly journals Unraveling the In Vivo Protein Corona

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Johanna Simon ◽  
Gabor Kuhn ◽  
Michael Fichter ◽  
Stephan Gehring ◽  
Katharina Landfester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Protein Corona ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Ex Vivo Approach ◽  
In Vivo Administration

Understanding the behavior of nanoparticles upon contact with a physiological environment is of urgent need in order to improve their properties for a successful therapeutic application. Most commonly, the interaction of nanoparticles with plasma proteins are studied under in vitro conditions. However, this has been shown to not reflect the complex situation after in vivo administration. Therefore, here we focused on the investigation of magnetic nanoparticles with blood proteins under in vivo conditions. Importantly, we observed a radically different proteome in vivo in comparison to the in vitro situation underlining the significance of in vivo protein corona studies. Next to this, we found that the in vivo corona profile does not significantly change over time. To mimic the in vivo situation, we established an approach, which we termed “ex vivo” as it uses whole blood freshly prepared from an animal. Overall, we present a comprehensive analysis focusing on the interaction between nanoparticles and blood proteins under in vivo conditions and how to mimic this situation with our ex vivo approach. This knowledge is needed to characterize the true biological identity of nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Malnutrition and morbidity trends in Somalia between 2007 and 2016: results from 291 cross-sectional surveys

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e033148
Author(s):  
Rocio Martin-Canavate ◽  
Estefania Custodio ◽  
Abukar Yusuf ◽  
Daniel Molla ◽  
Dominique Fasbender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
North East ◽  
Continuous Complex ◽  
Morbidity Trends ◽  
Livelihood System

BackgroundMore than two decades of conflict and natural disasters in Somalia have resulted in one of the longest running humanitarian crises in the world. Nutrition data have been collected over the years despite challenges to inform programmatic action. This paper explores malnutrition and morbidity trends in Somalia during the last decade, disaggregated by geographical zone and livelihood system.MethodsWe used data from 291 cross-sectional surveys conducted in children aged 6–59 months between 2007 and 2016 in Somalia. Wasting, morbidity and stunting prevalences over time were analysed by geographic area, livelihood system and season. Logistic regressions were used to test trends.ResultsThe wasting trends show a striking peak in 2011, more marked in southern and central Somalia and coinciding with the famine declaration. The trend declines slightly thereafter although not consistently across all zones and livelihoods, and it raises again in 2016 especially among internally displaced persons (IDPs). Stunting declined for all groups and in all zones but with more consistent patterns in northern Somalia.Morbidity also showed a declining trend, although with multiple peaks depicting disease outbreaks.Pastoralist showed the lowest stunting estimates overall, while agrarian populations showed the lowest prevalence of wasting and morbidity. IDPs were the most affected by all outcomes. Seasonality affected the three outcomes differently by livelihood system. Stunting rates increased after the 2011 famine for all age groups within children under 5 years.ConclusionsDespite the continuous complex situation in Somalia, there has been a sustained decline in stunting and morbidity in the last decade. Wasting trends have remained at very high levels especially in north-east and the south zones of Somalia. The findings support the importance of performing trend analyses disaggregated by zone and livelihood groups within countries to better identify priorities for programme intervention.

scholarly journals “Is there a neurologist on this flight?”

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-450
Author(s):  
Joseph I. Sirven
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Neurologic Emergencies ◽  
Health Care Equipment

Purpose of reviewNeurologists are being asked to offer their services in response to in-flight medical conditions. This review updates the latest understanding of how neurologists should manage in-flight neurologic emergencies should they be called upon to serve. A review of the existing literature was conducted for sharing of best practices in this unique scenario.Recent findingsIn-flight neurologic emergencies are on the rise. This article provides a synthesis of current best practices for in-flight emergencies including epidemiology, airline responsibility, available health care equipment on jetliners, legal ramifications of helping, and pathophysiology of why in-flight neurologic emergencies are so common.SummaryIn-flight neurologic emergencies are common and all physicians are increasingly being asked to respond to in-flight emergencies. Understanding one's responsibility, available equipment, and how to best prevent these scenarios with one's own patients may help to make this complex situation more manageable.

Thermo-Fluid-Dynamic Design of Reciprocating Compressor Cylinders by Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI)

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Traversari ◽  
Alessandro Rossi ◽  
Marco Faretra
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Classical Equation ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Reciprocating Compressor ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Structure Interaction

Pressure losses at the cylinder valves of reciprocating compressors are generally calculated by the classical equation of the flow through an orifice, with flow coefficient determined in steady conditions. Rotational speed has increased in the last decade to reduce compressor physical dimensions, weight and cost. Cylinder valves and associated gas passages became then more and more critical, as they determine specific consumption and throughput. An advanced approach, based on the new Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) software, which allows to deal simultaneously with thermodynamic, motion and deformation phenomena, was utilized to simulate the complex situation that occurs in a reciprocating compressor cylinder during the motion of the piston. In particular, the pressure loss through valves, ducts and manifolds was investigated. A 3D CFD Model, simulating a cylinder with suction and discharge valves, was developed and experimentally validated. The analysis was performed in transient and turbulent condition, with compressible fluid, utilizing a deformable mesh. The 3D domain simulating the compression chamber was considered variable with the law of motion of the piston and the valve rings mobile according to the fluid dynamic forces acting on them. This procedure is particularly useful for an accurate valve loss evaluation in case of high speed compressors and heavy gases. Also very high pressure cylinders, including LDPE applications, where the ducts are very small and MW close to the water one, can benefit from the new method.

International Law and Environmental Legislation in Developing Countries, with Special Reference to India and Indonesia

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
J.M. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Law ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
World Community ◽  
Brundtland Commission

1. INTRODUCTIONAttention for the pollution and degradation of the human environment over the last decades has resulted in an unprecedented increase of activities regarding environmental policy and law at both international and national levels. Since 1972 international resolutions and agreements have distinguished between environmental problems of developing countries and those of industrial countries. In that year it was proclaimed at the Stockholm UN-Conference on the Human Environment that in the developing countries most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development. The extremely complex situation in those countries in this regard was made known to the world community again by the so-called Brundtland Commission in its final report.

scholarly journals Sourse degradation - global environmental problem

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myroslav Voloshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Catchment Areas

Based on generalization of literary sources, normative legal, stock materials and experimental data, the complex situation of soil degradation is highlighted. Different types and intensity of the manifestation of soil degradation, their distribution and characteristics are described. The threatening situation of manifestation of degradation processes in some regions of Ukraine is shown, among which soil erosion occupies the leading place. More than 4.5 million hectares are occupied by medium and strongly ground soils, including 68 thousand hectares completely lost their humus horizon. Particularly large areas of eroded soils are distributed on arable land in the Vinnytsia, Luhansk, Donetsk, Odesa, Chernivtsi and Ternopil regions, where the average annual ground wash is 24.5–27.8 t/ha with a tolerance of 2.5–3.7 t/ha. As a result of erosion processes from the total area of agricultural land, about 500 million tons of fertile soil layer is washed out on average annually, which contains about 24 million tons of humus, 0.96 million tons of nitrogen, 0.68 million tons of phosphorus and 9.4 million tons of potassium equivalent to 320–333 million tons of organic fertilizers, and ecological and economic losses due to erosion exceed 9 billion UAH. Flat soil was associated with linear erosion. The main indicators characterizing the degree of damage to land by linear erosion are the density of ravines, the distance and area between them, the slope, the properties of soils and rocks, the morphometric parameters of the ravines and their catchment areas. According to various estimates, the area of land affected by linear erosion in the country increases by 5–10 thousand ha annually. The effect of the ravines on the complete destruction of the land, deformation of the soil cover is highlighted. Information on various types of soil pollution by poison chemicals, industrial waste is given. According to the prediction of scientists in such a situation, 120–150 years on the planet can destroy the fertile soil layer. Key words: erosion, dehumidification, pollution, waterlogging, acidity, degraded land.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Nigerian English and Nigerian Pidgin in Nigeria: Evidence from Copula Constructions in Ice-Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-388
Author(s):  
Ogechi Florence Agbo ◽  
Ingo Plag
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Deuber (2006) investigated variation in spoken Nigerian Pidgin data by educated speakers and found no evidence for a continuum of lects between Nigerian Pidgin and English. Many speakers, however, speak both languages, and both are in close contact with each other, which keeps the question of the nature of their relationship on the agenda. This paper investigates 67 conversations in Nigerian English by educated speakers as they occur in the International Corpus of English, Nigeria (ice-Nigeria, Wunder et al., 2010), using the variability in copula usage as a test bed. Implicational scaling, network analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis reveal that the use of variants is not randomly distributed over speakers. Particular clusters of speakers use particular constellations of variants. A qualitative investigation reveals this complex situation as a continuum of style, with code-switching as one of the stylistic devices, motivated by such social factors as formality, setting, participants and interpersonal relationships.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document