Blockchain and IoT for Security and Privacy: A Platform for Diabetes Self-management

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kebira Azbeg ◽  
Ouail Ouchetto ◽  
Said Jai Andaloussi ◽  
Leila Fetjah ◽  
Abderrahim Sekkaki
Keyword(s):  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Self Management

Impact of promoting patient access to their Electronic Health Care Record: A Systematic Review (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Tapuria
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Patient Access ◽  
Patient Portals ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND A significant cost element of healthcare provision are one-to-one interactions with individuals at clinic visits or by phone. HIT (Health Information technology) (https://www.hit.org.uk) and patient-shared EHRs have the potential to decrease these costs, improve access to healthcare data, self-care, quality of care, and health and patient-centred outcome. OBJECTIVE This systematic literature review is aimed at identifying the benefits and issues around promoting patients access to their own Electronic Healthcare Records (EHRs). The purpose is to outline and summarize study results on the impact of patients’ online access to their own EHRs from the primary healthcare centres and hospitals and access to the patient portals. METHODS Searches were conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, COCHRANE library, CINHAL and Google scholar. Over 2000 papers were screened, and initially filtered based on duplicates, then by reading the titles and finally based on their abstracts. 54 papers were retained, analysed and summarised, of which 24 were studies involving patient portals. Papers were included if patient access to their own EHRs (including patient portals) was the primary intervention used in the study. The search technique used to identify relevant literature for this paper, involved input from 5 experts. RESULTS While 52% authors agree that access to EHRs would be beneficial to patients and the overall healthcare system, a few (18%) critics have highlighted concerns as well. While the benefits range from re-assurance (8%), reduced anxiety (8%), positive impact on consultations (6%), better doctor-patient relationship (10%) and increased awareness and adherence to medicines (8%), most of the concerns are around security and privacy and confidentiality of personal health information along with anxiety in cases of serious illnesses (18%). Using patient portals was found to improve patient outcomes such as medication compliance, achieving blood pressure control, controlling sugar levels and glycaemic control, improving functional status and reduced high-cost healthcare utilisation in patients with chronic conditions, enhance timely patient centred care. These were noted in a range of study populations. In addition, patient portals were found to improve self-reported levels of engagement or activation related to self-management, enhanced knowledge, and improve recovery scores, and organisational efficiencies in a tertiary level mental health care facility. However, three studies out of 24 did not find statistical effect of patient portals on health outcomes. Along with the overall impact of patients’ access to EHR systems, this review has presented the impact of access to patient portals separately as well. CONCLUSIONS This literature review identified some benefits and harms involved in promoting patients’ access to their own EHRs (including the patient portals). This access is often part of government strategies when developing patient-centric self-management elements of a sustainable healthcare system. The findings of this review could give healthcare providers a framework to analyse the benefits offered by promoting patient access to EHRs and decide on the best approach for their own specialities and clinical set up. A robust cost-benefit evaluation of such initiatives along with its impact on major stakeholders within the healthcare system would be essential in understanding the overall impact of such initiatives. Implementation of patient access to their EHRs could help the government address concerns in developing national standards, whilst taking care of local variations and fulfilling the healthcare needs of the population, e.g. to that goal UK Government is committed to making full GP records available online to every patient by 2018. Ultimately, increasing transparency and promoting personal responsibility are key elements of a sustainable healthcare system for future generations.

scholarly journals Methods and Evaluation Criteria for Apps and Digital Interventions for Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dillys Larbi ◽  
Pietro Randine ◽  
Eirik Årsand ◽  
Konstantinos Antypas ◽  
Meghan Bradway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
High Confidence ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation

BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that apps and digital interventions have a positive impact on diabetes self-management. Standard self-management for patients with diabetes could therefore be supplemented by apps and digital interventions to increase patients’ skills. Several initiatives, models, and frameworks suggest how health apps and digital interventions could be evaluated, but there are few standards for this. And although there are many methods for evaluating apps and digital interventions, a more specific approach might be needed for assessing digital diabetes self-management interventions. OBJECTIVE This review aims to identify which methods and criteria are used to evaluate apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management, and to describe how patients were involved in these evaluations. METHODS We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science for articles published from 2015 that referred to the evaluation of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management and involved patients in the evaluation. We then conducted a narrative qualitative synthesis of the findings, structured around the included studies’ quality, methods of evaluation, and evaluation criteria. RESULTS Of 1681 articles identified, 31 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A total of 7 articles were considered of high confidence in the evidence. Apps were the most commonly used platform for diabetes self-management (18/31, 58%), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) was the targeted health condition most studies focused on (12/31, 38%). Questionnaires, interviews, and user-group meetings were the most common methods of evaluation. Furthermore, the most evaluated criteria for apps and digital diabetes self-management interventions were cognitive impact, clinical impact, and usability. Feasibility and security and privacy were not evaluated by studies considered of high confidence in the evidence. CONCLUSIONS There were few studies with high confidence in the evidence that involved patients in the evaluation of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management. Additional evaluation criteria, such as sustainability and interoperability, should be focused on more in future studies to provide a better understanding of the effects and potential of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management.

scholarly journals The development of My Care Hub Mobile-Phone App to Support Self-Management in Australians with Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary D. Adu ◽  
Usman H. Malabu ◽  
Aduli E. O. Malau-Aduli ◽  
Bunmi S. Malau-Aduli
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Design Modification

AbstractNon-adherence to self-management poses a serious risk to diabetes complications. Digital behavioural change interventions have the potential to provide education and motivate users to regularly engage with self-management of diabetes. This paper describes the development of My Care Hub mobile phone application (app) aimed at supporting self-management in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The development of My Care Hub involved a comprehensive process of healthy behavioural change identification, end users’ needs, expert consensus, data security and privacy considerations. The app translation was a highly iterative process accompanied by usability testing and design modification. The app development process included: (1) behaviour change strategy selection; (2) users’ involvement; (3) expert advisory involvement; (4) data security and privacy considerations; (5) design creation and output translation into a smartphone app and (6) two usability testings of the app prototype version. The app features include self-management activities documentation, analytics, personalized and generalized messages for diabetes self-management as well as carbohydrate components of common foods in Australia. Twelve respondents provided feedback on the usability of the app. Initially, a simplification of the documentation features of the app was identified as a need to improve usability. Overall, results indicated good user satisfaction rate.

scholarly journals Using a commercially available app for self-management of hypertension: Acceptance and usability study in Saudi Arabia (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tourkiah Alessa ◽  
Mark S Hawley ◽  
Nouf Alsulamy ◽  
Luc de Witte
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Self ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Usability Study ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Usability Test ◽  
App Development ◽  
Study Participants

BACKGROUND The use of smartphone apps to assist in the self-management of hypertension is becoming increasingly common, but very few commercially available apps have the potential to be with adequate security and privacy safeguards and effective. In a previous study, we identified 5 apps that are potentially effective and safe, and, based on the preferences of doctors and patients, one (Cora Health) was selected as most suitable for use in a Saudi context. However, there is currently no evidence on its usability and acceptance among potential users. Indeed, there has been very little research into usability and acceptance of hypertension apps in general, and even less that considers the Gulf Region. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the acceptance and usability of the selected app in the Saudi context. METHODS This research used a mixed-methods approach with two studies: 1) a usability test involving patients in a controlled setting performing predefined tasks; and 2) a real-world usability study where patients used the app for four weeks. In the usability test, participants were asked to think aloud while performing the tasks, and an observer recorded how many tasks they completed. At the end of the real-world pilot study, participants were interviewed and the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ) was completed. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze quantitative data and thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data RESULTS A total of 10 patients completed study 1. The study found that app usability was moderate and participants needed some familiarization time before they could use the app proficiently. Some usability issues were revealed, related to app accessibility, navigation, etc. and a few tasks remained uncompleted by most people. Twenty patients completed study 2, with a mean age of 51.6. Study 2 found that the app was generally acceptable and easy to use, with some similar usability issues identified. Participants stressed the importance of practice and training to use it more easily and proficiently. Participants had a good engagement level with 48% retention at the end of study 2, with most participants’ engagement being classed as meaningful. The most recorded data was BP, followed by stress and medication, and the most accessed feature was viewing graphs of data trends. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that a commercially available app can be usable and acceptable in the self-management of hypertension, but also found a considerable number of possibilities for improvement, which need to be considered in future app development. The results show there is potential for a commercially-available app to be used in large-scale studies of hypertension self-management if suggestions for improvements are addressed. CLINICALTRIAL

scholarly journals Criteria for Assessing and Recommending Digital Diabetes Tools: A Delphi Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dillys Larbi ◽  
Pietro Randine ◽  
Eirik Årsand ◽  
Meghan Bradway ◽  
Konstantinos Antypas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Delphi Study ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Future Work

Diabetes self-management, an integral part of diabetes care, can be improved with the help of digital self-management tools such as apps, sensors, websites, and social media. The study objective was to reach a consensus on the criteria required to assess and recommend digital diabetes self-management tools targeting those with diabetes in Norway. Healthcare professionals working with diabetes care from all health regions in Norway were recruited to participate in a three-round Delphi study. In all rounds, the panellists rated criteria identified in a systematic review and interviews on a scale from 0-10, with the option to provide comments. On a scale of 0:not important to 10:extremely important, the highest rated criteria for assessing and recommending digital diabetes self-management tools were “Usability” and “Information quality”, respectively. For assessing apps, “Security and privacy” was one of the lowest rated criteria. Having access to a list of criteria for assessing and recommending digital self-management tools can help diabetes care stakeholders to make informed choices in recommending and choosing suitable apps, websites, and social media for self-management. Future work on quality assessment of digital health tools should place emphasis on security and privacy compliance, to enable diabetes care stakeholders focus on other relevant criteria to recommend or choose and use such tools.

scholarly journals Methods and Evaluation Criteria for Apps and Digital Interventions for Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review

10.2196/18480 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. e18480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dillys Larbi ◽  
Pietro Randine ◽  
Eirik Årsand ◽  
Konstantinos Antypas ◽  
Meghan Bradway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
High Confidence ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation

Background There is growing evidence that apps and digital interventions have a positive impact on diabetes self-management. Standard self-management for patients with diabetes could therefore be supplemented by apps and digital interventions to increase patients’ skills. Several initiatives, models, and frameworks suggest how health apps and digital interventions could be evaluated, but there are few standards for this. And although there are many methods for evaluating apps and digital interventions, a more specific approach might be needed for assessing digital diabetes self-management interventions. Objective This review aims to identify which methods and criteria are used to evaluate apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management, and to describe how patients were involved in these evaluations. Methods We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science for articles published from 2015 that referred to the evaluation of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management and involved patients in the evaluation. We then conducted a narrative qualitative synthesis of the findings, structured around the included studies’ quality, methods of evaluation, and evaluation criteria. Results Of 1681 articles identified, 31 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A total of 7 articles were considered of high confidence in the evidence. Apps were the most commonly used platform for diabetes self-management (18/31, 58%), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) was the targeted health condition most studies focused on (12/31, 38%). Questionnaires, interviews, and user-group meetings were the most common methods of evaluation. Furthermore, the most evaluated criteria for apps and digital diabetes self-management interventions were cognitive impact, clinical impact, and usability. Feasibility and security and privacy were not evaluated by studies considered of high confidence in the evidence. Conclusions There were few studies with high confidence in the evidence that involved patients in the evaluation of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management. Additional evaluation criteria, such as sustainability and interoperability, should be focused on more in future studies to provide a better understanding of the effects and potential of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management.

scholarly journals Considerations for the Development of Mobile Phone Apps to Support Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary D Adu ◽  
Usman H Malabu ◽  
Emily J Callander ◽  
Aduli E O Malau-Aduli ◽  
Bunmi S Malau-Aduli
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Behavioral Theory ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Pilot Testing ◽  
Developmental Factors ◽  
Diabetes Patients

BACKGROUND There is increased research interest in the use of mobile phone apps to support diabetes management. However, there are divergent views on what constitute the minimum standards for inclusion in the development of mobile phone apps. Mobile phone apps require an evidence-based approach to development which will consequently impact on their effectiveness. Therefore, comprehensive information on developmental considerations could help designers and researchers to develop innovative and effective patient-centered self-management mobile phone apps for diabetes patients. OBJECTIVE This systematic review examined the developmental considerations adopted in trials that engaged mobile phone applications for diabetes self-management. METHODS A comprehensive search strategy was implemented across 5 electronic databases; Medline, Scopus, Social Science Citation Index, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINALHL) and supplemented by reference list from identified studies. Study quality was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Critical appraisal checklist for trials. Information on developmental factors (health behavioral theory, functionality, pilot testing, user and clinical expert involvements, data privacy and app security) were assessed across experimental studies using a template developed for the review. RESULTS A total of 11 studies (10 randomized controlled trials and 1 quasi-experimental trial) that fitted the inclusion criteria were identified. All the included studies had the functionality of self-monitoring of blood glucose. However, only some of them included functions for data analytics (7/11, 63.6%), education (6/11, 54.5%) and reminder (6/11, 54.5%). There were 5/11(45.5%) studies with significantly improved glycosylated hemoglobin in the intervention groups where educational functionality was present in the apps used in the 5 trials. Only 1 (1/11, 9.1%) study considered health behavioral theory and user involvement, while 2 (2/11, 18.1%) other studies reported the involvement of clinical experts in the development of their apps. There were 4 (4/11, 36.4%) studies which referred to data security and privacy considerations during their app development while 7 (7/12, 63.6%) studies provided information on pilot testing of apps before use in the full trial. Overall, none of the studies provided information on all developmental factors assessed in the review. CONCLUSIONS There is a lack of elaborate and detailed information in the literature regarding the factors considered in the development of apps used as interventions for diabetes self-management. Documentation and inclusion of such vital information will foster a transparent and shared decision-making process that will ultimately lead to the development of practical and user-friendly self-management apps that can enhance the quality of life for diabetes patients.

Behavioral self-management of oral hygiene activities for student dentists

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 718-720
Author(s):  
FD McGlynn ◽  
EL Mings ◽  
GS Marks ◽  
G Goebel
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Self Management

The Relationship Between Hearing Loss Self-Management and Hearing Aid Benefit and Satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Convery ◽  
Gitte Keidser ◽  
Louise Hickson ◽  
Carly Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Hearing Aid Benefit ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Hearing loss self-management refers to the knowledge and skills people use to manage the effects of hearing loss on all aspects of their daily lives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Method Thirty-seven adults with hearing loss, all of whom were current users of bilateral hearing aids, participated in this observational study. The participants completed self-report inventories probing their hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between individual domains of hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Results Participants who reported better self-management of the effects of their hearing loss on their emotional well-being and social participation were more likely to report less aided listening difficulty in noisy and reverberant environments and greater satisfaction with the effect of their hearing aids on their self-image. Participants who reported better self-management in the areas of adhering to treatment, participating in shared decision making, accessing services and resources, attending appointments, and monitoring for changes in their hearing and functional status were more likely to report greater satisfaction with the sound quality and performance of their hearing aids. Conclusion Study findings highlight the potential for using information about a patient's hearing loss self-management in different domains as part of clinical decision making and management planning.

A Case Study: Unique Challenges of an Adolescent Female With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-325
Author(s):  
Kimberly F. Frazier ◽  
Jessica Collier ◽  
Rachel Glade
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Social Thinking

Background The aim of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy of combining self-management strategies and a social thinking approach to address the social performance and executive function of an adolescent female with autism spectrum disorder. Method This research examined the effects of a social knowledge training program, “Think Social,” as well as strategies to improve higher order cognitive abilities. Results and Conclusion Although quantitative improvement was not found, several qualitative gains in behavior were noted for the participants of this study, suggesting a benefit from using structured environmental cues of self-management strategies, as well as improved social understanding through social cognitive training.

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