Study of relationship between heart rate variability and autonomic function using cold pressor test for Malaysian population

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Aimie-Salleh ◽  
MB Malarvili
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Malaysian Population ◽  
Pressor Test

scholarly journals Contactless analysis of heart rate variability during cold pressor test using radar interferometry and bidirectional LSTM networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kilin Shi ◽  
Tobias Steigleder ◽  
Sven Schellenberger ◽  
Fabian Michler ◽  
Anke Malessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Contactless Measurement ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Bidirectional Lstm ◽  
Lstm Network

AbstractContactless measurement of heart rate variability (HRV), which reflects changes of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and provides crucial information on the health status of a person, would provide great benefits for both patients and doctors during prevention and aftercare. However, gold standard devices to record the HRV, such as the electrocardiograph, have the common disadvantage that they need permanent skin contact with the patient. Being connected to a monitoring device by cable reduces the mobility, comfort, and compliance by patients. Here, we present a contactless approach using a 24 GHz Six-Port-based radar system and an LSTM network for radar heart sound segmentation. The best scores are obtained using a two-layer bidirectional LSTM architecture. To verify the performance of the proposed system not only in a static measurement scenario but also during a dynamic change of HRV parameters, a stimulation of the ANS through a cold pressor test is integrated in the study design. A total of 638 minutes of data is gathered from 25 test subjects and is analysed extensively. High F-scores of over 95% are achieved for heartbeat detection. HRV indices such as HF norm are extracted with relative errors around 5%. Our proposed approach is capable to perform contactless and convenient HRV monitoring and is therefore suitable for long-term recordings in clinical environments and home-care scenarios.

scholarly journals Pain catastrophizing in athletes correlates with pain and cardiovascular changes during a painful cold pressor test

10.4085/16-20 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lentini Matylda ◽  
Scalia Joseph ◽  
Berger Lebel Frédérike ◽  
Touma Fadi ◽  
Jhajj Aneet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Cardiovascular Variables

Abstract Context: Athletes are often exposed to pain due to injury and competition. There is preliminary evidence that cardiovascular measures could be an objective measure of pain, but the cardiovascular response can be influenced by psychological factors such as catastrophizing. Objectives: The purpose of our study was to use a painful cold pressor test to measure the relationship between catastrophizing, pain, and cardiovascular variables in athletes. Design: Pre-post test. Setting: We completed all measures in a laboratory setting. Participants: Thirty-six male rugby athletes participated in the study. Main outcome measures: We measured catastrophizing with the Pain Catastrophizing Scale and pain with a Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Cardiovascular measures included heart rate, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate variability. Results: During the cold pressor test, participants experienced a significant increase in pain (0 to 4.1±2.2), systolic blood pressure (126.7±16.5mm Hg to 149.7±23.4mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (76.9±8.3mm Hg to 91.9±11.5mm Hg) and heart rate variability (from 0.0164ms±0.0121 to 0.0400ms±0.0323) (all p<.001). In addition, there was a significant decrease in heart rate after the cold pressor test (p=0.04). There was a significant correlation between athlete's pain catastrophizing to both pain intensity and change in heart rate during the cold pressor test (p=.017 and p=.003 respectively). A significant linear regression indicated pain and catastrophizing explained 29% of the variance of the change in heart rate (p=.003). Conclusion: Athletes who have catastrophizing thoughts are more likely to experience higher levels of pain and a greater cardiovascular response during a painful stimulus. The change in cardiovascular variables may be a good alternative for an objective measure of pain in athletes in the future.

HEART RATE VARIABILITY DURING COLD PRESSOR TEST IN DOWN SYNDROME

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S406
Author(s):  
A Figueroa ◽  
S Collier ◽  
T Baynard ◽  
I Giannopoulou ◽  
B Fernhall
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Pressor Test

Comparison of heart rate measurement protocols used during autonomic function tests

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 516-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Baun ◽  
A. Jackson ◽  
R. W. Patton ◽  
P. B. Raven
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Autonomic Changes ◽  
Hand Test ◽  
Averaging Time

The five most used cold pressor test heart rate protocols were compared to the true R-R interval responses recorded during a cold hand test. Forty-one nonsmoking male volunteers between 18 and 55 yr were given a cold hand pressor test. Heart rate was evaluated by averaging the R-R interval within 2-, 5-, 6-, 10-, and 30-s time intervals and by the true R-R interval measurement. No significant physiological differences existed at rest; however, during stress the maximum values obtained were successively diminished the greater the time utilized to average the heart rate pressure (P less than 0.05). During recovery an underestimation of the true response was observed that increased as the averaging time increased (P less than 0.05). Comparison between the R-R interval measure and the 6-s average data indicated a 18% decrease in the time of peak response. Therefore, the responses recorded with the 6-s averaged data were less sensitive and obscured the rapidity of autonomic changes. Hence, when sensitivity and absolute response are a primary concern in determining autonomic function, measurements should include R-R interval measures of heart rate or the average of the number of R-R intervals in 2-s time blocks.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Effects of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Hypertensive Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 1;14 (1;1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Dr. David Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Spinal Cord Stimulation ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Placebo Phase

Background: Several animal and clinical studies have shown that thoracic spinal cord stimulation (SCS) may decrease mean arterial pressure (MAP). A previous study in normotensive participants demonstrated a small reduction in MAP during SCS at the T5-T6 spinal level. It has also been demonstrated that chronic SCS at the subthreshold stimulation level significantly improved angina attacks and 6 minute hall walk distance in drug refractory angina patients. Objectives: To determine if thoracic SCS at 2 different stimulation strengths would decrease blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) during baseline conditions and during activation of the sympathetic system by the cold pressor test (CPT). Methods: Six hypertensive participants and 9 normotensive participants were evaluated. The SCS leads were implanted under sedation (midazolam and fentanyl) 3 days prior to the study. The SCS device was not implanted at the time of lead implantation; the exteriorized leads were connected to an external programmer at the time of the study. MAP was measured at the finger using beat-to-beat photoplethysmographic recordings at rest and during CPT with a Finometer (Model 1, Finapress Medical Systems, Amsterdam, The Netherlands). SCS at threshold (100%, SCS100) and subthreshold (80%, SCS80) intensities were randomly performed in the T5-T6 region of the spinal cord during normal conditions as well as during CPT. Each participant had 3 CPTs with the placebo (control, no SCS) CPT always performed first. CPT was performed by immersing the right hand into ice water for 90 seconds. Thirty seconds of beat-to-beat data prior to starting each CPT (baseline) was analyzed. During the 90 second CPT, the median values of the last 30 seconds of data were used for analysis. Heart rate variability (HRV) during baseline and SCS was computed using Kubios HRV Version 2.0 software (University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland). Since the median values of HR, MAP and their changes did not follow a normal distribution, groups were compared with a non-parametric Friedman’s or Wilcoxon’s signed rank test. The HRV data were normally distributed and a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. Results: SCS did not significantly alter MAP or HR at baseline nor did it appear to blunt changes in MAP or HR in response to CPT. In the normotensive group, MAP was significantly elevated by a median value of 16 mmHg (P<0.001) during the placebo phase, and by 18 and 10.5 mmHg during the SCS80 and SCS100 phases, respectively. In the hypertensive group, an enhanced response to the CPT was observed. In these participants, the MAP was significantly elevated by a median value of 26.8 mmHg (P<0.001) during the placebo phase, and by 20 and 17 mmHg during the SCS80 and SCS100 phases, respectively. There was a non-significant trend for the CPT-induced increase in BP to be attenuated during SCS80. HRV tended to decrease in both the time and frequency domain in hypertensive participants, although this decrease was not statistically significant. Limitations: This was a pilot study including a limited number of participants Conclusions: Acute SCS at the T5-T6 region did not significantly alter MAP or HR compared to baseline (no SCS) in participants without sedation, supporting our previous findings in sedated patients. Hypertensive participants had a heightened response to transient cold stress, consistent with the literature. The observation of the tendency for a reduction in HRV in both the time and frequency domain in hypertensive participants is also consistent with the literature. In contrast to acute SCS, the hemodynamic effects of chronic SCS should be explored in the future. Key words: Spinal cord stimulation, hemodynamics, cold pressor test, heart rate variability, hypertension

Defective Reflex Control of Heart Rate in Dialysis Patients: Evidence for an Afferent Autonomic Lesion

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Zoccali ◽  
M. Ciccarelli ◽  
Q. Maggiore
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Valsalva Manoeuvre ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Reflex Control ◽  
Deep Breathing Test

1. To localize the site of autonomic abnormality in patients undergoing haemodialysis, tests of overall autonomic function based on either changes in blood pressure (posture, sustained handgrip) or heart rate (Valsalva manoeuvre, 30:15 ratio, deep breathing test) were used. Integrity of the sympathetic efferent arc was examined by using the cold pressor test and the parasympathetic efferent arc by the atropine test. Eighteen patients and 12 control subjects were studied. 2. Changes in blood pressure on standing, sustained handgrip and in the cold pressor test were the same in the two groups. 3. In contrast, 11 patients had abnormal results in at least two of the three heart-rate-based tests. 4. Three of the 11 dialysis patients with evidence of autonomic involvement showed abnormal responses to atropine, indicating an efferent parasympathetic lesion, whereas the majority had a normal response to the atropine test, suggesting an afferent lesion only. 5. Evidence of autonomic involvement was not associated with hypertension nor confined to patients with dialysis hypotension.

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