Indoor Temperature Fluctuation and Cooling Load Reduction Using Thermal Mass and Night Ventilation

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duan Shuangping
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Fluctuation ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Load Reduction ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Night Ventilation

scholarly journals The Impacts of a Building’s Thermal Mass on the Cooling Load of a Radiant System under Various Typical Climates

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Hu ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Jianlei Niu
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Radiation Heat ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
External Wall ◽  
Cooling Surface ◽  
Concrete Layer ◽  
Energy Plus

Cooling load is difficult to predict for a radiant system, because the interaction between a building’s thermal mass and radiation heat gain has not been well defined in a zone with a cooling surface. This study aims to reveal the effect of thermal mass in an external wall on the transmission load in a space with an active cooling surface. We investigated the thermal performances in a typical office building under various weather conditions by dynamic simulation with Energy-Plus. It was found that the thermal mass in the inside concrete layer had positives in terms of indoor temperature performance and energy conservation. The peak cooling load of the hydronic system decreases 28% in the proper operating state, taking into account the effect of the thermal mass in an external wall. Compared to the performances in zones with equivalent convective air systems (CASs), the peak cooling load and the accumulated load of the combined system (radiant system coupled by fresh air system) are higher by 9%–11% and 3%–4%, respectively. The effect of thermal mass is evident in a transient season with mild weather, when the relative effects are about 45% and 60%, respectively, for a building with radiant systems and a building with equivalent CASs.

What are the Required Conditions for Heavy Structure Buildings to be Thermally Effective in a Hot Humid Climate?

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 886-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac G. Capeluto ◽  
Abraham Yezioro ◽  
Edna Shaviv
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Temperature Swing ◽  
Hot Humid Climate ◽  
Night Ventilation

We calculate the influence of thermal mass and night ventilation on the reduction of the maximum indoor temperature in summer in residential buildings without using air-conditioning. The results are given for different locations in the hot-humid Mediterranean climate of Israel. We found that the maximum obtained indoor temperature reduction depends linearly on the temperature difference between day and night at the site. The results obtained show that one can predict the indoor temperature decrease, due to the thermal mass and night ventilation, from the simple and available data of the long term average temperature swing of the site, which is a common available data. The conclusion is that in the hot-humid climate of the Mediterranean coast, high thermal mass with night ventilation is effective for residential buildings with no air-conditioning provided the temperature swing is above 5°C, which is in general the case in this climate.

A Study on Indoor Temperature and Cooling Load in Night-Ventilated Building

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1091-1095
Author(s):  
Shuang Ping Duan
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Qualitative Effect ◽  
Night Ventilation ◽  
Steady Heat Conduction

The paper presents a qualitative effect of ventilation mode at daytime, night ventilation flow and outdoor air temperature, the temperature differences between of indoor air setting and outdoor air on cooling load reduction and indoor air temperature fluctuation at nighttime using thermal mass and night ventilation. A simple residential building model is chosen to obtain the hourly variation of cooling load at daytime and indoor air temperature at nighttime. It is noted that the temperature distribution of thermal mass material governed by an one-dimensional non-steady heat conduction equation .is considered in the paper. The dependence of the cooling load and indoor air temperature at nighttime on night ventilation flow, the outdoor air temperature, the temperature differences between of indoor air setting and outdoor air is further validated. Our results show that only suitable night ventilation flow with suitable outdoor climates and the appropriate temperature differences between of indoor air setting and outdoor air will benefit most. The present work provides guidance for designing night ventilation.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Thermal Mass of the Building Envelope on Summer Overheating of Dwellings in a Temperate Climate

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4117
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Kuczyński ◽  
Anna Staszczuk ◽  
Piotr Ziembicki ◽  
Anna Paluszak
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Occupant Behavior ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Night Ventilation

The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate the effectiveness of increasing the thermal capacity of a residential building by using traditional building materials to reduce the risk of its excessive overheating during intense heat waves in a temperate climate. An additional objective is to show that the use of this single passive measure significantly reduces the risk of overheating in daytime rooms, but also, though to a much lesser extent, in bedrooms. Increasing the thermal mass of the room from light to a medium heavy reduced the average maximum daily temperature by 2.2K during the first heat wave and by 2.6K during the other two heat waves. The use of very heavy construction further reduced the average maximum temperature for the heat waves analyzed by 1.4K, 1.2K and 1.7K, respectively, giving a total possible reduction in maximum daily temperatures in the range of 3.6 °C, 3.8 °C and 4.3 °C. A discussion of the influence of occupant behavior on the use of night ventilation and external blinds was carried out, finding a significant effect on the effectiveness of the use of both methods. The results of the study suggest that in temperate European countries, preserving residential construction methods with heavy envelopes and partitions could significantly reduce the risk of overheating in residential buildings over the next few decades, without the need for night ventilation or external blinds, whose effectiveness is highly dependent on individual occupant behavior.

scholarly journals How Can Floor Covering Influence Buildings’ Demand Flexibility?

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3658
Author(s):  
Hyeunguk Ahn ◽  
Jingjing Liu ◽  
Donghun Kim ◽  
Rongxin Yin ◽  
Tianzhen Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Floor Covering ◽  
Load Shifting ◽  
Concrete Floor ◽  
Floor Surface

Although the thermal mass of floors in buildings has been demonstrated to help shift cooling load, there is still a lack of information about how floor covering can influence the floor’s load shifting capability and buildings’ demand flexibility. To fill this gap, we estimated demand flexibility based on the daily peak cooling load reduction for different floor configurations and regions, using EnergyPlus simulations. As a demand response strategy, we used precooling and global temperature adjustment. The result demonstrated an adverse impact of floor covering on the building’s demand flexibility. Specifically, under the same demand response strategy, the daily peak cooling load reductions were up to 20–34% for a concrete floor whereas they were only 17–29% for a carpet-covered concrete floor. This is because floor covering hinders convective coupling between the concrete floor surface and the zone air and reduces radiative heat transfer between the concrete floor surface and the surrounding environment. In hot climates such as Phoenix, floor covering almost negated the concrete floor’s load shifting capability and yielded low demand flexibility as a wood floor, representing low thermal mass. Sensitivity analyses showed that floor covering’s effects can be more profound with a larger carpet-covered area, a greater temperature adjustment depth, or a higher radiant heat gain. With this effect ignored for a given building, its demand flexibility would be overestimated, which could prevent grid operators from obtaining sufficient demand flexibility to maintain a grid. Our findings also imply that for more efficient grid-interactive buildings, a traditional standard for floor design could be modified with increasing renewable penetration.

The Effects of Window Film on the Performance of Window System

2014 ◽  
Vol 525 ◽  
pp. 408-411
Author(s):  
Min Seon Jang ◽  
Gyeong Seok Choi ◽  
Jae Sik Kang ◽  
Yumin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Window System ◽  
Window Systems ◽  
Clear Glass ◽  
Window Film ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Heating And Cooling Load

Window film is generally attached the glazing in buildings to improve the thermal performance of the window system by addressing a range of problems such as indoor temperature rise, indoor temperature imbalance, degraded heating and cooling load due to excessive influx of solar radiation. To evaluate the performance of window films, window films are attached to 3mm or 6mm clear glass. However, window films are generally used on existing window systems for reducing the annual energy consumption. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the performance of window films depending on the performance of glazing such as clear double glazing or low-e double glazing. Thus the purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of window systems when window film is attached. As a result, in the case of applying window films for reducing the SHGC of buildings, it is necessary to select window films suitable for the configuration and performance of the glazing to be installed, considering the SHGC of the entire glazing system.

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