Optimum system matrix assignment subject to limited controller effort

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Weinmann
Keyword(s):  
System Matrix ◽  
Optimum System ◽  
Matrix Assignment

Construction of Optimum System Design Method Considering Product Lifecycle

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masataka Yoshimura ◽  
Yoshiyuki Chujo ◽  
Kenji Doi ◽  
Shinji Nishiwaki ◽  
Kazuhiro Izui
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Product Lifecycle ◽  
Optimum System

Health Care Services and EU Competition Law

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okeoghene Odudu
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
System Matrix ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Care Services

This chapter investigates how, within a number of European Union (EU) Member States, competition law has been used to address problems of market power in the healthcare services sector. It summarizes the relevant EU and national competition laws and considers the experience of applying those laws to providers of healthcare services. The chapter is chiefly concerned with healthcare services in England, although examples are drawn for other EU Member States. Examination of the English experience provides a view of the use of competition law to address market power problems in most elements of the health system matrix. The chapter then considers three challenges that emerge from that experience of using competition law to address problems of market power in healthcare service markets. The first challenges the applicability of competition law to healthcare service providers operating in each or every element of the healthcare system matrix. The second, accepting applicability, questions the appropriateness of the substantive rules to healthcare services. The third, a battle of authority and autonomy, considers whether decisions made by healthcare service providers should be subject to external review and the type of review that competition law offers.

scholarly journals Some transpose-free CG-like solvers for nonsymmetric ill-posed problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-32
Author(s):  
Silvia Gazzola ◽  
Paolo Novati
Keyword(s):  
Krylov Subspace ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
System Matrix ◽  
Numerical Tests ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Arnoldi Algorithm ◽  
Ill Posed ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Original Class ◽  
Theoretical Insight

AbstractThis paper introduces and analyzes an original class of Krylov subspace methods that provide an efficient alternative to many well-known conjugate-gradient-like (CG-like) Krylov solvers for square nonsymmetric linear systems arising from discretizations of inverse ill-posed problems. The main idea underlying the new methods is to consider some rank-deficient approximations of the transpose of the system matrix, obtained by running the (transpose-free) Arnoldi algorithm, and then apply some Krylov solvers to a formally right-preconditioned system of equations. Theoretical insight is given, and many numerical tests show that the new solvers outperform classical Arnoldi-based or CG-like methods in a variety of situations.

scholarly journals A Multiple and Multi-Level Substructure Method for the Dynamics of Complex Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5570
Author(s):  
Binbin Wang ◽  
Jingze Liu ◽  
Zhifu Cao ◽  
Dahai Zhang ◽  
Dong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
System Matrix ◽  
Substructure Method ◽  
Residual Structure ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Fixed Interface ◽  
Selection Of

Based on the fixed interface component mode synthesis, a multiple and multi-level substructure method for the modeling of complex structures is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the residual structure is selected according to the structural characteristics of the assembled complex structure. Secondly, according to the assembly relationship, the parts assembled with the residual structure are divided into a group of substructures, which are named the first-level substructure, the parts assembled with the first-level substructure are divided into a second-level substructure, and consequently the multi-level substructure model is established. Next, the substructures are dynamically condensed and assembled on the boundary of the residual structure. Finally, the substructure system matrix, which is replicated from the matrix of repeated physical geometry, is obtained by preserving the main modes and the constrained modes and the system matrix of the last level of the substructure is assembled to the upper level of the substructure, one level up, until it is assembled in the residual structure. In this paper, an assembly structure with three panels and a gear box is adopted to verify the method by simulation and a rotor is used to experimentally verify the method. The results show that the proposed multiple and multi-level substructure modeling method is not unique to the selection of residual structures, and different classification methods do not affect the calculation accuracy. The selection of 50% external nodes can further improve the analysis efficiency while ensuring the calculation accuracy.

scholarly journals The Reconstruction of Magnetic Particle Imaging: Current Approaches Based on the System Matrix

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Chen ◽  
Zhenqi Jiang ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
Xiaolin Wang ◽  
Xiaoying Tang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Matrix Transformations ◽  
System Matrix ◽  
Magnetic Particle Imaging ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Particle Imaging

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel non-invasive molecular imaging technology that images the distribution of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). It is not affected by imaging depth, with high sensitivity, high resolution, and no radiation. The MPI reconstruction with high precision and high quality is of enormous practical importance, and many studies have been conducted to improve the reconstruction accuracy and quality. MPI reconstruction based on the system matrix (SM) is an important part of MPI reconstruction. In this review, the principle of MPI, current construction methods of SM and the theory of SM-based MPI are discussed. For SM-based approaches, MPI reconstruction mainly has the following problems: the reconstruction problem is an inverse and ill-posed problem, the complex background signals seriously affect the reconstruction results, the field of view cannot cover the entire object, and the available 3D datasets are of relatively large volume. In this review, we compared and grouped different studies on the above issues, including SM-based MPI reconstruction based on the state-of-the-art Tikhonov regularization, SM-based MPI reconstruction based on the improved methods, SM-based MPI reconstruction methods to subtract the background signal, SM-based MPI reconstruction approaches to expand the spatial coverage, and matrix transformations to accelerate SM-based MPI reconstruction. In addition, the current phantoms and performance indicators used for SM-based reconstruction are listed. Finally, certain research suggestions for MPI reconstruction are proposed, expecting that this review will provide a certain reference for researchers in MPI reconstruction and will promote the future applications of MPI in clinical medicine.

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