2.4 V-operated enhancement mode PHEMT with 32 dBm output power and 61% power efficiency

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.H. Chen ◽  
E.Y. Chang ◽  
Y.C. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Enhancement Mode

Robust Digital Predistortion in Saturation Region of Power Amplifiers

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Soon-il Hong ◽  
Kwang-Pyo Lee ◽  
Eui-Rim Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Nonlinear Distortion ◽  
Signal Quality ◽  
Digital Predistortion ◽  
Adjacent Channel Interference ◽  
Saturation Region ◽  
Adjacent Channel ◽  
Non Linear Device ◽  
Transmitted Signal

This paper proposes a digital predistortion (DPD) technique to improve linearization performance when the power amplifier (PA) is driven near the saturation region. The PA is a non-linear device in general, and the nonlinear distortion becomes severer as the output power increases. However, the PA’s power efficiency increases as the PA output power increases. The nonlinearity results in spectral regrowth, which leads to adjacent channel interference, and degrades the transmit signal quality. According to our simulation, the linearization performance of DPD is degraded abruptly when the PA operates in its saturation region. To relieve this problem, we propose an improved DPD technique. The proposed technique performs on/off control of the adaptive algorithm based on the magnitude of the transmitted signal. Specifically, the adaptation normally works for small and medium signals while it stops for large signals. Therefore, harmful coefficient updates by saturated signals can be avoided. A computer simulation shows that the proposed method can improve the linearization performance compared with the conventional DPD method in highly driven PAs.

Study of an Impact Driven Frequency Up-Conversion Piezoelectric Harvester

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Abedini ◽  
Saeed Onsorynezhad ◽  
Fengxia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Constitutive Law ◽  
Flexible Beam ◽  
Nonlinear Phenomena ◽  
Base Excitation ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Beam ◽  
The Impact

Frequency up-conversion is an effective way to increase the output power from a piezoelectric beam, which converts the ambient low-frequency vibration to the resonant vibration of the piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEH) to achieve high electric power output. Frequency up-conversion technologies are realized via impact or non-impact magnetic force to mediate the interaction between the driving beam and the generating beam. Most studies focus on the either linear model prediction or experimental verification of the linear analysis. Few, if any, study the effects of the impact induced nonlinear phenomena on power generation efficiency. In this work, we investigate how to use discontinuous theory to improve the power efficiency of the frequency up-conversion process caused by impacts. The energy harvesting performance of a piezoelectric beam in interaction with a softer beam in periodic motion is studied. The discontinuous dynamical system theory is applied to this problem to study the piezoelectric behavior under periodic motions and its bifurcations. The beams are modeled with two spring-mass-damper systems, and the analytical model of the piezoelectric beam is created based on the linear mechanical-electrical constitutive law of the piezoelectric material, and the linear elastic constitutive law of the substrate. Based on the theoretical model, the analytical solution of the output power is derived in terms of the vibration amplitude, frequency, and the electrical load. The soft beam is subjected to a sinusoidal base excitation, and the impacts of the more flexible beam excite the piezoelectric beam. The performance of the energy harvesting of period one and period two motions have been studied and bifurcation trees for impact velocities, times, displacements and harvested power versus the frequency of the base excitation are obtained.

scholarly journals Photovoltaic modules evaluation and dry-season energy yield prediction model for NEM in Malaysia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241927
Author(s):  
Syed Zahurul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Lutfi Othman ◽  
Muhammad Saufi ◽  
Rosli Omar ◽  
Arash Toudeshki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Pv Modules

This study analyzes the performance of two PV modules, amorphous silicon (a-Si) and crystalline silicon (c-Si) and predicts energy yield, which can be seen as facilitation to achieve the target of 35% reduction of greenhouse gases emission by 2030. Malaysia Energy Commission recommends crystalline PV modules for net energy metering (NEM), but the climate regime is a concern for output power and efficiency. Based on rainfall and irradiance data, this study aims to categorize the climate of peninsular Malaysia into rainy and dry seasons; and then the performance of the two modules are evaluated under the dry season. A new mathematical model is developed to predict energy yield and the results are validated through experimental and systematic error analysis. The parameters are collected using a self-developed ZigBeePRO-based wireless system with the rate of 3 samples/min over a period of five days. The results unveil that efficiency is inversely proportional to the irradiance due to negative temperature coefficient for crystalline modules. For this phenomenon, efficiency of c-Si (9.8%) is found always higher than a-Si (3.5%). However, a-Si shows better shadow tolerance compared to c-Si, observed from a lesser decrease rate in efficiency of the former with the increase in irradiance. Due to better spectrum response and temperature coefficient, a-Si shows greater performance on output power efficiency (OPE), performance ratio (PR), and yield factor. From the regression analysis, it is found that the coefficient of determination (R2) is between 0.7179 and 0.9611. The energy from the proposed model indicates that a-Si yields 15.07% higher kWh than c-Si when luminance for recorded days is 70% medium and 30% high. This study is important to determine the highest percentage of energy yield and to get faster NEM payback period, where as of now, there is no such model to indicate seasonal energy yield in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Comparison of GAN, SIC, SI Technology for High Frequency and High Efficiency Inverters

2020 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Sai Kiran Pullabhatla ◽  
Phaneendra Babu Bobba ◽  
Satyavani Yadlapalli
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Electron Mobility ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Electron Mobility Transistor ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
High Electron ◽  
Power Semiconductor ◽  
Efficient Power

Power semiconductor devices plays a major role in efficient power conversion. As we have Silicon (Si), Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride (GaN) based power devices, GaN technologies are ideal for working in high frequency power electronic systems (in MHz). Because the GaN has superior electron mobility and bandgap than the SiC and Si it has superior characteristics like low conduction losses, high switching rate so that there is better power efficiency than SiC, Si based inverter. Here we are using the Gan based High-Electron-Mobility Transistor (HEMT) and SiC and Si based mosfet in the inverter. The proposed inverter of different topologies is designed to transfer the power at >1MHz range. Comparison of the three different switches is done by the output power and the efficiency of the inverter. This paper presents the SPICE simulation results of the class d and class e inverter of output power 1KW.

Periodic Solutions of an Impact-Driven Frequency Up-Conversion Piezoelectric Harvester

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1930029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Abedini ◽  
Saeed Onsorynezhad ◽  
Fengxia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Periodic Solutions ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Base Excitation ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Beam ◽  
The Impact

Frequency up-conversion has been proved to be an effective approach to increase the output power of a piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH). The proposed system can convert low-frequency vibration from ambient sources to the resonant vibration of the PEH hence can improve the output power efficiency. Frequency up-conversion technologies are introduced via impact or nonimpact magnetic forces to initiate the repeated free oscillations of the piezoelectric generator. No matter impact- or nonimpact-driven PEHs, most studies focus on either finite element simulation or experimental demonstration of PEHs electric power generations. Few, if any, study the effects of the impact-induced discontinuous dynamics on power generation efficiency. In this work, the energy harvesting performance of a piezoelectric beam upon interaction with a softer driving beam was studied. The discontinuous dynamics behind this impact-driven PEH was investigated, and strategies exploited to further improve the power efficiency of the frequency up-conversion process. Based on the linear elastic and linear mechanical-electrical constitutive laws, the lumped parameter models were built for both the driving beam and the piezoelectric driven beam. The numerical solution of the output power is obtained based on the vibration amplitude, frequency, and the electrical load. The soft beam is subjected to a sinusoidal base excitation, and the piezoelectric beam was excited via impacting with the soft driving beam. Based on the discontinuous dynamics theory, the performance of the energy harvesting of the impact-driven system was studied for period-1 and period-2 motions. Based on the stability and bifurcation analysis of periodic solutions, bifurcation diagrams of impact velocities, times, displacements and harvested power versus the frequency of the base excitation were also obtained, and compared to the power generation of a piezoelectric beam with base excitation.

A 5.2/5.8 GHz Dual Band On-Off Keying Transmitter Design for Bio-Signal Transmission

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Hsi Wu ◽  
Hong-Cheng You ◽  
Shun-Zhao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Amplifier ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Power Combiner ◽  
Power Added Efficiency ◽  
Chip Size

Abstract An architecture of 5.2/5.8-GHz dual-band on-off keying (DBOOK) modulated transmitter is designed in a 0.18-μm CMOS technology. The proposed DBOOK transmitter is used in the biosignal transmission system with high power efficiency and small area. To reduce power consumption and enhance output swing, two pairs of center-tapped transformers are used as both LC tank and source grounding choke for the designed voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). Switching capacitances are used to achieve dual band operations, and a complemented power combiner is used to merge the differential output power of VCO to a single-ended output. Besides, the linearizer circuits are used in the proposed power amplifier with wideband output matching to improve the linearity both at 5.2/5.8-GHz bands. The designed DBOOK transmitter is implemented by dividing it into two chips. One chip implements the dual-band switching VCO and power combiner, and the other chip implements a linear power amplifier including dual-band operation. The first chip drives an output power of 2.2mW with consuming power of 5.13 mW from 1.1 V supply voltage. With the chip size including pad of 0.61 × 0.91 m2, the measured data rate and transmission efficiency attained are 100 Mb/s and 51 pJ/bit, respectively. The second chip, for power enhanced mode, exhibits P1 dB of −9 dBm, IIP3 of 1 dBm, the output power 1 dB compression point of 12.42 dBm, OIP3 of about 21 dBm, maximum output power of 17.02/16.18 dBm, and power added efficiency of 17.13/16.95% for 5.2/ 5.8 GHz. The chip size including pads is 0:693 × 1:084mm2.

A 2.5GHZ-2.7GHz Unsymmetrical Doherty Power Amplifier with Digital Predistortion for LTE-Advanced Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 760-762 ◽  
pp. 546-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Sheng Pan ◽  
Chuan Hui Ma ◽  
Shi Hai Shao ◽  
You Xi Tang
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Amplifier ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Digital Predistortion ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Lte Advanced ◽  
Saturation Power ◽  
Doherty Power Amplifier ◽  
Better Than

An unsymmetrical GaN based Doherty power amplifier (DPA) operating from 2.5GHz to 2.7GHz is presented in this paper. To achieve a good tradeoff among the output power, efficiency and bandwidth, the ladder-type multisection output matching networks are optimized for the carrier amplifier and the peaking amplifier, respectively. Measured with continuous wave (CW) signal, the broadband DPA provides more than 49dBm saturation power in the operating band. The drain efficiency is greater than 44% over 7dB back-off power. For a LTE-Advanced signal with 100MHz bandwidth, the drain efficiency is higher than 42% at an average output power of 41dBm, along with an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of better than-49.9dBc after digital predistortion (DPD).

scholarly journals Power Efficiency of Energy Harvester Driven by Harmonic Excitation with Amplitude Perturbation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kucab ◽  
Grzegorz Górski
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Stochastic Force ◽  
Stochastic Excitations ◽  
Frequency Regime

In this paper, we examine the influence of the background’s stochastic excitations on an output power generated by using an energy harvester. The harvester is composed of two magnets attached to a piezoelastic oscillators separated by a distance Δ from the static magnets fastened directly to the device. We also introduce the parameter α which describes the mass ratio of moving magnets. We examine the output power for different excitation frequencies, different values of α, and different amplitudes δ0 of the stochastic force. We also analyze the influence of δ0 and Δ on the effective output power (EOP), the mean value of output power averaged over the considered frequencies, produced by using the harvester. We have observed that increasing δ0 causes the growth of generated mean power, especially in the low-frequency regime, while the maximum power near the resonance frequency remains unchanged. The EOP also grows with increasing δ0 for all examined values of α. The environment’s stochastic behavior improves slightly the harvester’s efficiency as compared to the purely harmonic case. Analyzing the dependence of EOP on Δ, we observed the maximum which appears at values of Δ corresponding to the situation when the system starts to work in the unsynchronized regime.

Optimization of PEM Fuel Cell System Using Dynamic Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 1019-1026
Author(s):  
Dong Ji Xuan ◽  
Zhen Zhe Li ◽  
Tai Hong Cheng ◽  
Yun De Shen
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Stack Model

The output power efficiency of the fuel cell system depends on the anode pressure, cathode pressure, temperature, demanded current, air and hydrogen humidity. Thus, it is necessary to determine the optimal operation condition for maximum power efficiency. In this paper, we developed a dynamic model of fuel cell system which contains mass flow model, membrane hydration and electro-chemistry model. Experiments have been performed to evaluate the dynamical Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) stack model. In order to determine the maximum output power and minimum use of hydrogen in a certain condition, response surface methodology optimization based on the proposed PEMFC stack model is presented. The results provide an effective method to optimize the operation condition under varied situations.

scholarly journals Load characteristic analysis of a double-side internal coreless stator axial flux PMG

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Ketut Wirtayasa ◽  
Pudji Irasari ◽  
Muhammad Kasim ◽  
Puji Widiyanto ◽  
Muhammad Fathul Hikmawan
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
Load Characteristic ◽  
In Series ◽  
The Difference

The main issue of using a permanent magnet in electric machines is the presence of cogging torque. Several methods have been introduced to eliminate it, one of which is by employing a coreless stator. In this paper, the load characteristic analysis of the double-side internal coreless stator axial flux permanent magnet generator with the specification of 1 kW, 220 V, 50 Hz, 300 rpm and 1 phase is discussed. The purpose is to learn the effect of the load to the generator performance, particularly the output power, efficiency and voltage regulation. The design and analysis are conducted analytically and numerically with two types of simulated loads, pure resistive and resistive-inductive in series. Each type of load provides power factor 1 and 0.85 respectively. The simulation results show that when loaded with resistive load, the generator gives a better performance at the output power (1,241 W) and efficiency (91 %), whereas a better voltage regulator (5.86 %) is achieved when it is loaded with impedance. Since the difference in the value of each parameter being compared is relatively small, it can be concluded that the generator represents good performance in both loads.

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