A New Multi-threaded Code Synthesis Methodology and Tool for Correct-by-Construction Synthesis from Polychronous Specifications

AbstractMetal-organic frameworks (MOF) are an emerging class of microporous materials with promising applications. MOF nanocrystals, and their assembled super-structures, can display unique properties and reactivities when compared with their bulk analogues. MOF nanostructures of 0-D, 2-D, and 3-D dimensions can be routinely obtained by controlling reaction conditions and ligand additives, while formation of 1-D MOF nanocrystals (nanowires and nanorods) and super-structures has been relatively rare. We report here a facile templated interfacial synthesis methodology for the preparation of a series of 1-D MOF nano- and micro-structures with precisely controlled shapes and sizes. Specifically, by applying track-etched polycarbonate (PCTE) membranes as the templates and at the oil/water interface, we rapidly and reproducibly synthesize zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and ZIF-67 nano- and micro structures of sizes ranging from 10 nm to 20 μm. We also identify a size confinement effect on MOF crystal growth, which leads to single crystals under the most restricted conditions and inter-grown polycrystals at larger template pore sizes, as well as surface directing effects that influence the crystallographic preferred orientation. Our findings provide a potentially generalizable method for controlling the size, morphology, and crystal orientations of MOF nanomaterials, as well as offering fundamental understanding into MOF crystal growth mechanisms.

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Solvent-Free Synthesis of SAPO-34 Zeolite with Tunable SiO2/Al2O3 Ratios for Efficient Catalytic Cracking of 1-Butene

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal11070835 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 835

Author(s):

Xia Xiao ◽

Zhongliang Xu ◽

Peng Wang ◽

Xinfei Liu ◽

Xiaoqiang Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Cracking ◽

Acid Sites ◽

Solvent Free ◽

Zeolite Catalysts ◽

Light Olefins ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Coordination Environment ◽

Starting Mixture ◽

Synthesis Methodology ◽

Solvent Free Synthesis

Solvent-free synthesis methodology is a promising technique for the green and sustainable preparation of zeolites materials. In this work, a solvent-free route was developed to synthesize SAPO-34 zeolite. The characterization results indicated that the crystal size, texture properties, acidity and Si coordination environment of the resulting SAPO-34 were tuned by adjusting the SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio in the starting mixture. Moreover, the acidity of SAPO-34 zeolite was found to depend on the Si coordination environment, which was consistent with that of SAPO-34 zeolite synthesized by the hydrothermal method. At an SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 0.6, the SP-0.6 sample exhibited the highest conversion of 1-butene (82.8%) and a satisfactory yield of light olefins (51.6%) in the catalytic cracking of 1-butene, which was attributed to the synergistic effect of the large SBET (425 m2/g) and the abundant acid sites (1.82 mmol/g). This work provides a new opportunity for the design of efficient zeolite catalysts for industrially important reactions.

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The Development of the Innovative Synthesis Methodology of Albumin Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical, Cytotoxic and Hemolytic Evaluation

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14164386 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (16) ◽

pp. 4386

Author(s):

Sonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk ◽

Anna Drabczyk ◽

Magdalena Głąb ◽

Paweł Gajda ◽

Anna Czopek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spherical Shape ◽

Dermal Fibroblasts ◽

Albumin Concentration ◽

Salting Out ◽

Tem Analysis ◽

Albumin Nanoparticles ◽

Vis Spectroscopy ◽

Physicochemical Evaluation ◽

Normal Human ◽

Synthesis Methodology

Many studies are being performed to develop effective carriers for controlled cytostatic delivery wherein albumin is a promising material due to its tendency to accumulate near cancer cells. The novelty of this work involves the development of the synthesis methodology of albumin nanoparticles and their biological and physicochemical evaluation. Albumin particles were obtained via the salt-induced precipitation and K3PO4 was used as a salting-out agent. Various concentrations of protein and salting-out agent solutions were mixed using a burette or a syringe system. It was proved that the size of the particles depended on the concentrations of the reagents and the methodology applied. As a result of a process performed using a burette and 2 M K3PO4, albumin spheres having a size 5–25 nm were obtained. The size of nanospheres and their spherical shape was confirmed via TEM analysis. The use of a syringe system led to preparation of particles of large polydispersity. The highest albumin concentration allowing for synthesis of homogeneous particles was 2 g/L. The presence of albumin in spheres was confirmed via the FT-IR technique and UV-Vis spectroscopy. All samples showed no cytotoxicity towards normal human dermal fibroblasts and no hemolytic properties against human erythrocytes (the hemolysis did not exceed 2.5%).

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Numerical synthesis methodology for conceptual design of new generations of combat aircraft

10.2514/6.1995-3881 ◽

1995 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Frank Siegers ◽

Howard Smith

Keyword(s):

Conceptual Design ◽

Combat Aircraft ◽

Synthesis Methodology ◽

Numerical Synthesis

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Reflector surface distortion compensation: A diffraction synthesis methodology

Proceedings of IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium ◽

10.1109/aps.1993.385359 ◽

2002 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D.-W. Duan ◽

Y. Rahmat-Samii

Keyword(s):

Distortion Compensation ◽

Surface Distortion ◽

Reflector Surface ◽

Synthesis Methodology

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High-silica nanocrystalline Beta zeolites: efficient synthesis and catalytic application

Chemical Science ◽

10.1039/c5sc03019f ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 102-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Raquel Martínez-Franco ◽

Cecilia Paris ◽

Marta E. Martínez-Armero ◽

Cristina Martínez ◽

Manuel Moliner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Efficient Synthesis ◽

High Solid ◽

Catalytic Application ◽

Beta Zeolites ◽

High Silica ◽

Synthesis Methodology ◽

20 Nm

An efficient synthesis methodology to obtain homogeneous nanosized high-silica Beta zeolites (∼10–20 nm) with high solid yields (above 95%) using simple alkyl-substituted flexible dicationic OSDAs is described.

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