scholarly journals Predicting the Spread of Forest Diseases and Pests

IEEE Access ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 199803-199812
Author(s):  
Zhihe Zhao ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
Liuming Yang ◽  
Qi Yuan ◽  
Xiaoyu Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Diseases

scholarly journals Biological control of emerging forest diseases: How can we move from dreams to reality?

2021 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 119377
Author(s):  
Simone Prospero ◽  
Leticia Botella ◽  
Alberto Santini ◽  
Cécile Robin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Forest Diseases

scholarly journals Spectroscopic detection of forest diseases: a review (1970–2020)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Cotrozzi
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Forest Disturbances ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Forest Diseases

AbstractSustainable forest management is essential to confront the detrimental impacts of diseases on forest ecosystems. This review highlights the potential of vegetation spectroscopy in improving the feasibility of assessing forest disturbances induced by diseases in a timely and cost-effective manner. The basic concepts of vegetation spectroscopy and its application in phytopathology are first outlined then the literature on the topic is discussed. Using several optical sensors from leaf to landscape-level, a number of forest diseases characterized by variable pathogenic processes have been detected, identified and quantified in many country sites worldwide. Overall, these reviewed studies have pointed out the green and red regions of the visible spectrum, the red-edge and the early near-infrared as the spectral regions most sensitive to the disease development as they are mostly related to chlorophyll changes and symptom development. Late disease conditions particularly affect the shortwave-infrared region, mostly related to water content. This review also highlights some major issues to be addressed such as the need to explore other major forest diseases and geographic areas, to further develop hyperspectral sensors for early detection and discrimination of forest disturbances, to improve devices for remote sensing, to implement long-term monitoring, and to advance algorithms for exploitation of spectral data. Achieving of these goals will enhance the capability of vegetation spectroscopy in early detection of forest stress and in managing forest diseases.

scholarly journals The use of mycoviruses in the control of forest diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jordán Muñoz-Adalia ◽  
M. Mercedes Fernández ◽  
Julio J. Diez
Keyword(s):  
Forest Diseases

Forest diseases caused by viruses.

2013 ◽  
pp. 50-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Büttner ◽  
S. von Bargen ◽  
M. Bandte ◽  
H. P. Mühlbach
Keyword(s):  
Forest Diseases

scholarly journals Pine Pitch Canker (PPC): Pathways of Pathogen Spread and Preventive Measures

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Zamora-Ballesteros ◽  
Julio J. Diez ◽  
Jorge Martín-García ◽  
Johanna Witzell ◽  
Alejandro Solla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Pitch Canker ◽  
Fusarium Circinatum ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Dispersal Distances ◽  
Forest Diseases ◽  
Short Flight

Fusarium circinatum (Nirenberg and O’ Donnell) is the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC) disease, one of the most devastating forest diseases worldwide. Long-distance spread occurs mainly through the movement of infected seeds whereas at regional level, the movement of seedlings, substrates, or containers may play an important role in fungal dispersal. Invasion of nurseries takes place via infected seeds and further spread can occur by planting contaminated seedlings, especially due to the possibility of infected plants remaining symptomless. Once established, F. circinatum spreads by rain, wind, and insects. The natural spread of the pathogen is limited due to the short dispersal distances of the spores and the fairly short flight distances of disseminating insects. In this review, we summarize the currently known dispersal pathways of the pathogen, discussing both natural and human-assisted processes. With the purpose of understanding how to best intervene in the disease’s development in nurseries and forests, we outline the epidemiology of the pathogen describing the key factors influencing its spread. Preventive measures to control the spread of F. circinatum locally and globally are described with special emphasis on the challenges in implementing them.

Interacting Effects of Global Change on Forest Pest and Pathogen Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 381-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison B. Simler-Williamson ◽  
David M. Rizzo ◽  
Richard C. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Pathogen Dynamics ◽  
Emergent Phenomena ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Predictive Understanding ◽  
Forest Diseases

Pathogens and insect pests are important drivers of tree mortality and forest dynamics, but global change has rapidly altered or intensified their impacts. Predictive understanding of changing disease and outbreak occurrence has been limited by two factors: ( a) tree mortality and morbidity are emergent phenomena determined by interactions between plant hosts, biotic agents (insects or pathogens), and the environment; and ( b) disparate global change drivers co-occur, obscuring net impacts on each of these components. To expand our understanding of changing forest diseases, declines, and outbreaks, we adopt a framework that identifies and organizes observed impacts of diverse global change drivers on the primary mechanisms underlying agent virulence and host susceptibility. We then discuss insights from ecological theory that may advance prediction of forest epidemics and outbreaks. This approach highlights key drivers of changing pest and pathogen dynamics, which may inform forest management aimed at mitigating accelerating rates of tree mortality globally.

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