scholarly journals Efficiency Change of Control Surface of a Biomimetic Wing Morphing UAV

IEEE Access ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 45627-45640
Author(s):  
Hang Ma ◽  
Bifeng Song ◽  
Yang Pei ◽  
Zhiwei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Control Surface ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Wing Morphing ◽  
Morphing Uav

Use of Multiple SMA Wires for Morphing of Inflatable Wings

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony D. McDonald ◽  
Scott J. I. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Flight Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Static Testing ◽  
Wing Model ◽  
Additional Control ◽  
Pulling Force ◽  
Wing Morphing ◽  
The University ◽  
Control Surfaces

The concept of inflatable wings has design heritage and they have recently seen renewed interest, largely due to the increased demand in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). They offer design advantages over conventional wings, particularly with regard to stowage and portability, since they can be tightly packed when undeployed. Unfortunately current methods of flight control involve the use of additional control surfaces attached to the trailing edge of the wing, adversely affecting the stowage capabilities. One way of overcoming this restriction is to use the wing itself as a control surface, by morphing the very shape of the wing to achieve the desired results. This article outlines the research performed at the University of Southampton into differing configurations of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wires as a controllable actuator for the wing morphing. Specifically the use of multiple wires to further enhance this control was the focus of this work. A simple test rig was constructed in order to evaluate the pulling force achievable by combinations of SMA wires in a number of configurations. The most promising of these configurations was then attached to an inflatable wing model for further testing. Both static testing and wind tunnel testing was undertaken, evaluating the authority of flight control such a system could achieve. The test results are presented in this paper, giving an initial performance assessment of the proposed control method.

Characterization of carbides in M50NiL

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 606-607
Author(s):  
L. S. Lin ◽  
K. P. Gumz ◽  
A. V. Karg ◽  
C. C. Law
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Base Composition ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Carbide Formation ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Fee Structure ◽  
Heat Treated

Carbon and temperature effects on carbide formation in the carburized zone of M50NiL are of great importance because they can be used to control surface properties of bearings. A series of homogeneous alloys (with M50NiL as base composition) containing various levels of carbon in the range of 0.15% to 1.5% (in wt.%) and heat treated at temperatures between 650°C to 1100°C were selected for characterizations. Eleven samples were chosen for carbide characterization and chemical analysis and their identifications are listed in Table 1.Five different carbides consisting of M6C, M2C, M7C3 and M23C6 were found in all eleven samples examined as shown in Table 1. M6C carbides (with least carbon) were found to be the major carbide in low carbon alloys (<0.3% C) and their amounts decreased as the carbon content increased. In sample C (0.3% C), most particles (95%) encountered were M6C carbide with a particle sizes range between 0.05 to 0.25 um. The M6C carbide are enriched in both Mo and Fe and have a fee structure with lattice parameter a=1.105 nm (Figure 1).

Nonlinear response of airfoil section with control surface freeplay to gust loads

AIAA Journal ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 1543-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deman Tang ◽  
Denis Kholodar ◽  
Earl H. Dowell
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Airfoil Section ◽  
Gust Loads

Behavior of airfoil with control surface freeplay for nonzero angles of attack

AIAA Journal ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 651-653
Author(s):  
Denis B. Kholodar ◽  
Earl H. Dowell
Keyword(s):  
Control Surface

Numerical study of geometric morphing wings of the 1303 UCAV

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
B. Nugroho ◽  
J. Brett ◽  
B.T. Bleckly ◽  
R.C. Chin
Keyword(s):  
Flight Control ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Morphing Wing ◽  
Rolling Moment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Morphing Wings ◽  
Wing Geometry ◽  
Lift And Drag ◽  
Wing Morphing

ABSTRACT Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles (UCAVs) are believed by many to be the future of aerial strike/reconnaissance capability. This belief led to the design of the UCAV 1303 by Boeing Phantom Works and the US Airforce Lab in the late 1990s. Because UCAV 1303 is expected to take on a wide range of mission roles that are risky for human pilots, it needs to be highly adaptable. Geometric morphing can provide such adaptability and allow the UCAV 1303 to optimise its physical feature mid-flight to increase the lift-to-drag ratio, manoeuvrability, cruise distance, flight control, etc. This capability is extremely beneficial since it will enable the UCAV to reconcile conflicting mission requirements (e.g. loiter and dash within the same mission). In this study, we conduct several modifications to the wing geometry of UCAV 1303 via Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to analyse its aerodynamic characteristics produced by a range of different wing geometric morphs. Here we look into two specific geometric morphing wings: linear twists on one of the wings and linear twists at both wings (wash-in and washout). A baseline CFD of the UCAV 1303 without any wing morphing is validated against published wind tunnel data, before proceeding to simulate morphing wing configurations. The results show that geometric morphing wing influences the UCAV-1303 aerodynamic characteristics significantly, improving the coefficient of lift and drag, pitching moment and rolling moment.

scholarly journals Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Silk Fibroin Scaffolds to Attenuate Polymicrobial Sepsis Induced by Cecal Ligation and Puncture

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1433
Author(s):  
Ok-Hyeon Kim ◽  
Jun-Hyung Park ◽  
Jong-In Son ◽  
Ok-Ja Yoon ◽  
Hyun-Jung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pge2 Production ◽  
Polymicrobial Sepsis ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Suitable scaffolds with appropriate mechanical and biological properties can improve mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy. Because silk fibroins (SFs) are biocompatible materials, they were electrospun and applied as scaffolds for MSC therapy. Consequently, interferon (IFN)-primed human bone marrow MSCs on SF nanofibers were administered into a polymicrobial sepsis murine model. The IL-6 level gradually decreased from 40 ng/mL at 6 h after sepsis to 35 ng/mL at 24 h after sepsis. The IL-6 level was significantly low as 5 ng/mL in primed MSCs on SF nanofibers, and 15 ng/mL in primed MSCs on the control surface. In contrast to the acute response, inflammation-related factors, including HO-1 and COX-2 in chronic liver tissue, were effectively inhibited by MSCs on both SF nanofibers and the control surface at the 5-day mark after sepsis. An in vitro study indicated that the anti-inflammatory function of MSCs on SF nanofibers was mediated through enhanced COX-2-PGE2 production, as indomethacin completely abrogated PGE2 production and decreased the survival rate of septic mice. Thus, SF nanofiber scaffolds potentiated the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions of MSCs, and were beneficial as a culture platform for the cell therapy of inflammatory disorders.

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