scholarly journals A Cover Selection HEVC Video Steganography Based on Intra Prediction Mode

IEEE Access ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 119393-119402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wang ◽  
Xiaoqing Jia ◽  
Xiangui Kang ◽  
Yun-Qing Shi
Keyword(s):  
Intra Prediction ◽  
Video Steganography ◽  
Prediction Mode

scholarly journals A Secure Video Steganography Based on the Intra-Prediction Mode (IPM) for H264

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 5242
Author(s):  
Mingyuan Cao ◽  
Lihua Tian ◽  
Chen Li
Keyword(s):  
Video Quality ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Intra Prediction ◽  
Video Encoding ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Adaptive Steganography ◽  
Video Steganography ◽  
Mapping Rules ◽  
Distortion Functions ◽  
Prediction Mode

Recently, many video steganography algorithms based on the intra-prediction mode (IPM) have been adaptive steganography algorithms. These algorithms usually focus on the research about mapping rules and distortion functions while ignoring the fact that adaptive steganography may not be suitable for video steganography based on the intra-prediction mode; this is because the adaptive steganography algorithm must first calculate the loss of all cover before the first secret message is embedded. However, the modification of an IPM may change the pixel values of the current block and adjacent blocks, which will lead to the change of the loss of the following blocks. In order to avoid this problem, a new secure video steganography based on a novel embedding strategy is proposed in this paper. Video steganography is combined with video encoding. Firstly, the frame is encoded by an original encoder and all the relevant information is saved. The candidate block is found according to the relevant information and mapping rules. Then every qualified block is analyzed, and a one-bit message is embedded during intra-prediction encoding. At last, if the IPM of this block is changed, the values of the residual are modified in order to keep the optimality of the modified IPM. Experimental results indicate that our algorithm has good security performance and little impact on video quality.

scholarly journals An Intra-Prediction Mode-Based Video Steganography With Secure Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Xiushi Cao ◽  
Tanfeng Sun ◽  
Xinghao Jiang ◽  
Yi Dong ◽  
Ke Xu
Keyword(s):  
Video Stream ◽  
Intra Prediction ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Adaptive Selection ◽  
Video Steganography ◽  
Trellis Code ◽  
Prediction Mode ◽  
Encoding Strategy

In this paper, an intra-prediction mode (IPM)-based video steganography with secure strategy was proposed for H.264 video stream. First of all, according to the property of IPM conversion after calibration, a content-adaptive selection strategy was adopted to measure candidate carrier macroblock. Then, a more efficient encoding strategy based on grouped IPM was applied to encode secret message. This encoding strategy aimed to further enhance the security performance by exploiting the deviation feature of calibrated IPM. Finally, syndrome-trellis code was used as the embedding implementation to minimize distortion. Experimental results demonstrate that this article proposed algorithm presents a novel security performance with any existing IPM-based video steganography.

scholarly journals A HEVC Steganalysis Algorithm Based on Relationship of Adjacent Intra Prediction Modes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henan Shi ◽  
Tanfeng Sun ◽  
Zhaohong Li
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Intra Prediction ◽  
Video Codec ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding ◽  
General Process ◽  
Video Steganography ◽  
Prediction Mode ◽  
Texture Characteristics ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Currently, many High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) video steganography algorithms based on Intra Prediction Mode (IPM) have been proposed. However, the existing IPM-based video steganalysis algorithms are almost designed for H.264/AVC videos, without considering the unique coding techniques in HEVC, which is the latest video codec standard. Thus, it is of significant value to study IPM-based steganalysis for HEVC videos. In this paper, the general process of IPM-based HEVC steganography is modelled for the first time, and we find that the basic distortion existing in the change of the relationships between each embedded IPM and the adjacent IPMs. By exploiting these weaknesses, we propose a novel IPM steganalysis algorithm based on the Relationship of Adjacent IPMs (RoAIPM) feature. In detail, the RoAIPM is extracted by generating different directional Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrixes (GLCMs) and texture characteristics of three refilled matrixes: MPM-IPM matrix, Left-IPM matrix and Up-IPM matrix. Experimental results show that, the proposed RoAIPM feature is very sensitive to the little change introduced by IPM-based steganography. Regardless of whether the feature is after dimension reduction or not, in various coding conditions, the proposed steganalysis can both present a well higher detection accuracy against the latest IPM-based HEVC steganography methods and achieve the lowest computational complexity compared with the state-of-the-art works.

Adaptive Intra Prediction Mode Signaling Approach in H.264/AVC

2014 ◽  
Vol E97.B (9) ◽  
pp. 1990-1999
Author(s):  
Kibaek KIM ◽  
Gwanggil JEON ◽  
Jechang JEONG
Keyword(s):  
Intra Prediction ◽  
Prediction Mode

Research and Implementation of Fast Algorithm for Intra Prediction Mode Selection Oriented to Hardware

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Xiuzhi Yang ◽  
Min Zhao ◽  
Longzhao Shi ◽  
Zhifeng Chen ◽  
Mingkui Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Fast Algorithm ◽  
Mode Selection ◽  
Intra Prediction ◽  
Prediction Mode

A Research of Intra Prediction Coding with Variance of Prediction Mode Number

2015 ◽  
Vol 719-720 ◽  
pp. 1177-1183
Author(s):  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Long Ye ◽  
Jing Ling Wang ◽  
Qin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Intra Prediction ◽  
Mode Number ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Directional Information ◽  
Mode Index ◽  
Residual Image ◽  
Prediction Mode ◽  
Direction Information

Intra prediction is a key step in H.264/AVC to improve the coding performance with the idea that removing the directional redundancy among neighboring blocks. In order to cover more directional information existed in the image frames, there are usually many prediction modes can be selected in the state-of-the-art coding frameworks, but more bits are also needed to encode the prediction mode index information, then how to achieve the maximum overall bit-rate reduction became a problem. In this paper, 16 kinds of prediction modes are adopted by considering the direction information for 8x8 image blocks. Through calculating the bit-rate both for the mode index and residual image under different number of prediction modes, we obtain the most suitable prediction mode number relatively from the graphs. Experimental results show that, with the increase of prediction mode number, the residual information decreases obviously, and the sum of residual information and prediction mode index information also decreases but levels off after reaching a certain mode number, even has an obviously rising trend.

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