scholarly journals Leveraging Unlabeled Data for Emotion Recognition With Enhanced Collaborative Semi-Supervised Learning

IEEE Access ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 22196-22209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixing Zhang ◽  
Jing Han ◽  
Jun Deng ◽  
Xinzhou Xu ◽  
Fabien Ringeval ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Abdelhamid Bouchachia

Recently the field of machine learning, pattern recognition, and data mining has witnessed a new research stream that is <i>learning with partial supervisio</i>n -LPS- (known also as <i>semi-supervised learning</i>). This learning scheme is motivated by the fact that the process of acquiring the labeling information of data could be quite costly and sometimes prone to mislabeling. The general spectrum of learning from data is envisioned in Figure 1. As shown, in many situations, the data is neither perfectly nor completely labeled.<div><br></div><div>LPS aims at using available labeled samples in order to guide the process of building classification and clustering machineries and help boost their accuracy. Basically, LPS is a combination of two learning paradigms: supervised and unsupervised where the former deals exclusively with labeled data and the latter is concerned with unlabeled data. Hence, the following questions:</div><div><br></div><div><ul><li>Can we improve supervised learning with unlabeled data?&nbsp;<br></li><li>Can we guide unsupervised learning by incorporating few labeled samples?<br></li></ul></div><div><br></div><div>Typical LPS applications are medical diagnosis (Bouchachia &amp; Pedrycz, 2006a), facial expression recognition (Cohen et al., 2004), text classification (Nigam et al., 2000), protein classification (Weston et al., 2003), and several natural language processing applications such as word sense disambiguation (Niu et al., 2005), and text chunking (Ando &amp; Zhangz, 2005).</div><div><br></div><div>Because LPS is still a young but active research field, it lacks a survey outlining the existing approaches and research trends. In this chapter, we will take a step towards an overview. We will discuss (i) the background of LPS, (iii) the main focus of our LPS research and explain the underlying assumptions behind LPS, and (iv) future directions and challenges of LPS research. </div>


Author(s):  
Tobias Scheffer

For many classification problems, unlabeled training data are inexpensive and readily available, whereas labeling training data imposes costs. Semi-supervised classification algorithms aim at utilizing information contained in unlabeled data in addition to the (few) labeled data.


Author(s):  
Ashwini Rahangdale ◽  
Shital Raut

Learning-to-rank (LTR) is a very hot topic of research for information retrieval (IR). LTR framework usually learns the ranking function using available training data that are very cost-effective, time-consuming and biased. When sufficient amount of training data is not available, semi-supervised learning is one of the machine learning paradigms that can be applied to get pseudo label from unlabeled data. Cluster and label is a basic approach for semi-supervised learning to identify the high-density region in data space which is mainly used to support the supervised learning. However, clustering with conventional method may lead to prediction performance which is worse than supervised learning algorithms for application of LTR. Thus, we propose rank preserving clustering (RPC) with PLocalSearch and get pseudo label for unlabeled data. We present semi-supervised learning that adopts clustering-based transductive method and combine it with nonmeasure specific listwise approach to learn the LTR model. Moreover, each cluster follows the multi-task learning to avoid optimization of multiple loss functions. It reduces the training complexity of adopted listwise approach from an exponential order to a polynomial order. Empirical analysis on the standard datasets (LETOR) shows that the proposed model gives better results as compared to other state-of-the-arts.


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