Robust regulation in the presence of norm-bounded uncertainty

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Abedor ◽  
K. Nagpal ◽  
P.P. Khargonekar ◽  
K. Poolla
Keyword(s):  
Bounded Uncertainty ◽  
Robust Regulation

Can Bitcoin be the Future of Digital Payments?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-500
Author(s):  
Andrea Valente ◽  
◽  
David Atkinson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Price Volatility ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Future ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Digital Payments ◽  
Robust Regulation ◽  
Stakeholder Acceptance

This study aimed to investigate the conditions in which Bitcoin has developed as a leading cryptocurrency and, according to Nakamoto (2008), could become an instrument for everyday payments around the world. In comparison to other digital payment solutions, Bitcoin is based on a peer-to-peer electronic cash system using “the blockchain”. This innovative technology allows for decentralised storage and movement of currency in a fully anonymous way, introducing advantageous methods for encrypted security and faster transactions (Hagiu & Beach, 2014). Scepticism regards Bitcoin’s foundation, energy consumption and price volatility, however, did not take long to arise (Holthaus, 2017). Ten years from its white paper release, Bitcoin is further supported by the same drivers which could sustain its growth as the future of digital payments (Russo, 2018). In order to investigate the key drivers and feasibility of acceptance, a London based survey was used to understand the desirability of Bitcoin as a day-to-day tool for digital payments. Additionally, this research analysed Bitcoin’s stakeholders and forecast drivers of sustainability for its application to become the future of the payment industry. A space which relies on policies that involve multiple layers of society, governments, regulators and tech-firms, all on a global scale. The findings confirmed how the increasing lack of trust of political and financial institutions, coupled with the increasing cases of data-breaches by tech-firms, encouraged over 70% of respondents to consider more decentralised and anonymous methods for their day-to-day actions; like payments. Policy makers need to cope with societies increasingly separating politically but gathering together digitally (LBS, 2017). For Bitcoin to truly establish itself as a global digital payment solution, key stakeholder acceptance must converge alongside the introduction of more robust regulation.

scholarly journals Coalitional predictive control: Consensus-based coalition forming with robust regulation

Automatica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 109380
Author(s):  
Pablo R. Baldivieso-Monasterios ◽  
Paul A. Trodden
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Control ◽  
Robust Regulation

scholarly journals Repression of Prespliceosome Complex Formation at Two Distinct Steps by Fox-1/Fox-2 Proteins

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (17) ◽  
pp. 5507-5516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua-Lin Zhou ◽  
Hua Lou
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Expression Control ◽  
Regulatory Strategy ◽  
Gene Expression Control ◽  
Splicing Regulator ◽  
Specific Alternative ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
Robust Regulation

ABSTRACT Precise and robust regulation of alternative splicing provides cells with an essential means of gene expression control. However, the mechanisms that ensure the tight control of tissue-specific alternative splicing are not well understood. It has been demonstrated that robust regulation often results from the contributions of multiple factors to one particular splicing pathway. We report here a novel strategy used by a single splicing regulator that blocks the formation of two distinct prespliceosome complexes to achieve efficient regulation. Fox-1/Fox-2 proteins, potent regulators of alternative splicing in the heart, skeletal muscle, and brain, repress calcitonin-specific splicing of the calcitonin/CGRP pre-mRNA. Using biochemical analysis, we found that Fox-1/Fox-2 proteins block prespliceosome complex formation at two distinct steps through binding to two functionally important UGCAUG elements. First, Fox-1/Fox-2 proteins bind to the intronic site to inhibit SF1-dependent E′ complex formation. Second, these proteins bind to the exonic site to block the transition of E′ complex that escaped the control of the intronic site to E complex. These studies provide evidence for the first example of regulated E′ complex formation. The two-step repression of presplicing complexes by a single regulator provides a powerful and accurate regulatory strategy.

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