A dual wavelength (1.32-1.56 mu m) directional coupler demultiplexer by ion exchange in glass

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 637-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.C. Cheng ◽  
R.V. Ramaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Directional Coupler ◽  
Dual Wavelength

Directional-coupler power divider by two-step K^+-ion exchange

1984 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Yip ◽  
J. Finak
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Directional Coupler ◽  
Power Divider

A 1.3 mu m directional coupler polarization splitter by ion exchange

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Miliou ◽  
R. Srivastava ◽  
R.V. Ramaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Directional Coupler ◽  
Polarization Splitter

Embedding Procedure for Water Swollen Samples

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
Ann M. Thomas ◽  
Virginia Shemeley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Exchange Resins

Those samples which swell rapidly when exposed to water are, at best, difficult to section for transmission electron microscopy. Some materials literally burst out of the embedding block with the first pass by the knife, and even the most rapid cutting cycle produces sections of limited value. Many ion exchange resins swell in water; some undergo irreversible structural changes when dried. We developed our embedding procedure to handle this type of sample, but it should be applicable to many materials that present similar sectioning difficulties.The purpose of our embedding procedure is to build up a cross-linking network throughout the sample, while it is in a water swollen state. Our procedure was suggested to us by the work of Rosenberg, where he mentioned the formation of a tridimensional structure by the polymerization of the GMA biproduct, triglycol dimethacrylate.

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