Accessible tuning range of direct intensity modulated three-section DBR lasers in WDM applications

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Cartledge
Keyword(s):  
Tuning Range ◽  
Intensity Modulated ◽  
Dbr Lasers

Extended tuning range in sampled grating DBR lasers

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Jayaraman ◽  
A. Mathur ◽  
L.A. Coldren ◽  
P.D. Dapkus
Keyword(s):  
Tuning Range ◽  
Sampled Grating ◽  
Dbr Lasers

Extending the tuning range of DS-DBR lasers

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Ward ◽  
Neil D. Whitbread ◽  
Peter J. Williams ◽  
Andrew K. Wood ◽  
Michael J. Wale
Keyword(s):  
Tuning Range ◽  
Dbr Lasers

1.8-μm DBR Lasers With Over 11-nm Continous Wavelength Tuning Range for Multi-Species Gas Detection

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Yu ◽  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
Junping Mi ◽  
Xuliang Zhou ◽  
Jiaoqing Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuning Range ◽  
Wavelength Tuning ◽  
Gas Detection ◽  
Dbr Lasers

Monolithic 1.5 μm hybrid DFB/DBR lasers with 5 nm tuning range

1984 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 957 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.D. Westbrook ◽  
A.W. Nelson ◽  
P.J. Fiddyment ◽  
J.V. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Tuning Range ◽  
Dbr Lasers

Ridge waveguide sampled grating DBR lasers with 22-nm quasi-continuous tuning range

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1211-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mason ◽  
G.A. Fish ◽  
S.P. DenBaars ◽  
L.A. Coldren
Keyword(s):  
Tuning Range ◽  
Ridge Waveguide ◽  
Continuous Tuning ◽  
Sampled Grating ◽  
Dbr Lasers

Power Efficient Implementation of Low Noise CMOS LC VCO using 32nm Technology for RF Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Shitesh Tiwari ◽  
Sumant Katiyal ◽  
Parag Parandkar
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Phase Noise ◽  
Tuning Range ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Voltage Controlled Oscillator ◽  
Low Phase Noise ◽  
Lc Vco

Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) is an integral component of most of the receivers such as GSM, GPS etc. As name indicates, oscillation is controlled by varying the voltage at the capacitor of LC tank. By varying the voltage, VCO can generate variable frequency of oscillation. Different VCO Parameters are contrasted on the basis of phase noise, tuning range, power consumption and FOM. Out of these phase noise is dependent on quality factor, power consumption, oscillation frequency and current. So, design of LC VCO at low power, low phase noise can be obtained with low bias current at low voltage.  Nanosize transistors are also contributes towards low phase noise. This paper demonstrates the design of low phase noise LC VCO with 4.89 GHz tuning range from 7.33-11.22 GHz with center frequency at 7 GHz. The design uses 32nm technology with tuning voltage of 0-1.2 V. A very effective Phase noise of -114 dBc / Hz is obtained with FOM of -181 dBc/Hz. The proposed work has been compared with five peer LC VCO designs working at higher feature sizes and outcome of this performance comparison dictates that the proposed work working at better 32 nm technology outperformed amongst others in terms of achieving low Tuning voltage and moderate FoM, overshadowed by a little expense of power dissipation. 

Helical tomotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer improves target conformity and homogeneity: A comparison with fixed-field intensity-modulated radiotherapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3146-3155
Author(s):  
Luhua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Field Intensity ◽  
Helical Tomotherapy ◽  
Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Conformity Index ◽  
Target Coverage ◽  
Advanced Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Fixed Field ◽  
Intensity Modulated

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of helical tomotherapy (HT) in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer (EC) and compare target homogeneity, conformity and normal tissue doses between HT and fixed-field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (ff-IMRT).Methods: In all, 23 patients with cT3-4N0-1M0-1a thoracic EC (upper esophagus, 9 patients; middle esophagus, 6; distal esophagus, 6 and esophagogastric junction, 2) who were treated with ff-IMRT (60 Gy in 30 fractions) were re-planned for HT and ff-IMRT with the same clinical require­ments. Comparisons were performed using the Wilcoxon matched-pair signed-rank test.Results: Compared with ff-IMRT, HT significantly reduced the homogeneity index for thoracic, upper, middle and distal ECs by 38%, 31%, 36% and 33%, respectively (P < 0.05). The conformity index was increased by HT for thoracic, upper and middle ECs by 9%, 9% and 18%, respectively (P < 0.05). Target coverage was improved by 1% with HT (P < 0.05). The mean lung dose was significantly reduced by HT for thoracic and upper ECs (P < 0.05). The V20 (volume receiving at least 20 Gy) and higher dose volumes of the lungs were decreased by HT in all cases, but the differences were significant for thoracic, upper and distal ECs (P < 0.05), with reductions of 2.1%, 3.1% and 2.2%, respectively. HT resulted in a larger lung V5 for thoracic, upper, middle and distal ECs, with increases of 3.5%, 1.5%, 7.2% and 3.2%, respectively. Heart sparing was significantly better with HT than with ff-IMRT in terms of the V30 and V40 for thoracic, upper, middle and distal ECs (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Compared to ff-IMRT, HT provides superior target coverage, conformity and homogeneity, with reduced the volume of high doses to the lungs and heart for advanced EC. HT may be a treatment option for advanced EC, especially upper EC.

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