Design and analysis of single-mode oxidized VCSELs for high-speed optical interconnects

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wiedenmann ◽  
R. King ◽  
C. Jung ◽  
R. Jager ◽  
R. Michalzik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Interconnects ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Single Mode

scholarly journals 100 Gbaud On–Off Keying/Pulse Amplitude Modulation Links in C-Band for Short-Reach Optical Interconnects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4284
Author(s):  
Oskars Ozolins ◽  
Xiaodan Pang ◽  
Aleksejs Udalcovs ◽  
Richard Schatz ◽  
Sandis Spolitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Optical Interconnects ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Decision Feedback ◽  
Pulse Amplitude Modulation

We experimentally evaluate the high-speed on–off keying (OOK) and four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) transmitter’s performance in C-band for short-reach optical interconnects. We demonstrate up to 100 Gbaud OOK and PAM4 transmission over a 400 m standard single-mode fiber with a monolithically integrated externally modulated laser (EML) having 100 GHz 3 dB bandwidth with 2 dB ripple. We evaluate its capabilities to enable 800 GbE client-side links based on eight, and even four, optical lanes for optical interconnect applications. We study the equalizer’s complexity when increasing the baud rate of PAM4 signals. Furthermore, we extend our work with numerical simulations showing the required received optical power (ROP) for a certain bit error rate (BER) for the different combinations of the effective number of bits (ENOB) and extinction ratio (ER) at the transmitter. We also show a possibility to achieve around 1 km dispersion uncompensated transmission with a simple decision feedback equalizer (DFE) for a 100 Gbaud OOK, PAM4, and eight-level PAM (PAM8) link having the received power penalty of around 1 dB.

scholarly journals High-Speed VCSEL-Based Transceiver for 200 GbE Short-Reach Intra-Datacenter Optical Interconnects

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanakis ◽  
Iliadis ◽  
Soenen ◽  
Moeneclaey ◽  
Argyris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Interconnects ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Cavity Surface ◽  
Transmission Experiment ◽  
Vertical Cavity Surface ◽  
Emitting Lasers ◽  
Single Polarization

The soaring demand for higher speeds in datacenters to address the relentless growth of the global IP traffic places optical interconnects in the spotlight. In this manuscript, we present a high-speed optical transceiver for intra-datacenter connectivity. The transceiver is based on single-mode, single-polarization high-speed vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), a VCSEL driver chip, and a linear receiver. Following a step-by-step approach, we present the architectures, assembly processes, and experimental results from the different modules. More specifically, we demonstrate (1) a data transmission experiment at 80 Gb/s using PAM-4 (four-level Pulse Amplitude Modulation) modulation for a reach of up to 500 m by employing a single-mode VCSEL module, and (2) a full-link experiment proving up to 64 Gb/s per lane capacity using PAM-4 signaling of the VCSEL-based optical transceiver test vehicles in back-to-back configuration and up to 56 Gb/s for 500 m and 2 km transmission distances. The acquired experimental results verify the suitability of the optical transceiver for intra-datacenter interconnects’ applications.

scholarly journals Nonlinearity Tolerant High-Speed DMT Transmission With 1.5-μm Single-Mode VCSEL and Multi-Core Fibers for Optical Interconnects

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Joris Van Kerrebrouck ◽  
Rui Lin ◽  
Xiaodan Pang ◽  
Aleksejs Udalcovs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Interconnects ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Single Mode

scholarly journals High-Speed 850 nm Quasi-Single-Mode VCSELs for Extended-Reach Optical Interconnects

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Safaisini ◽  
Krzysztof Szczerba ◽  
Petter Westbergh ◽  
Erik Haglund ◽  
Benjamin Kögel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Interconnects ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Single Mode

A High Speed and Ultra Long-Haul Radio-Over-Fiber System Employing Dual Photoelectric Arms Coherent Modulation and Optical Duo-Binary Coding

2014 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 544-547
Author(s):  
Guang Li
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Fiber Amplifier ◽  
Radio Over Fiber ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Signal Spectrum ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Binary Coding ◽  
Coherent Modulation

A novel high speed and ultra long-haul radio-over-fiber (ROF) system based on Dual Photoelectric Arms Coherent Modulation (DPACM) and Optical Duo-Binary Coding (ODBC) is proposed, and demonstrated. The signal spectrum bandwidth, generated by ODBC based on the first order DPACM, is half of non-return-to-zero (NRZ ) signal spectrum bandwidth. The secondary order DPACM generates a 40-GHz Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) that is transmitted over fiber (ROF). The simulation results show that, the bit rate can be up to 40 Gbps and the transmission distance is over 1500 Km, based on the ROF system with a 0 dBm continuous-wave laser source, multiple stages Er-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), a standard single mode fiber (SSMF) with a dispersion of 17 ps/nm/Km and a attenuation of 0.2 dB/Km.

scholarly journals High-speed operation of single-mode tunable quantum cascade laser based on ultra-short resonant cavity

AIP Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 015325
Author(s):  
Yuhong Zhou ◽  
Junqi Liu ◽  
Shenqiang Zhai ◽  
Ning Zhuo ◽  
Jinchuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Resonant Cavity ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Quantum Cascade

scholarly journals Investigations of the Absorption Front in High-Speed Laser Processing Up to 600 m/min

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4015
Author(s):  
Peter Hellwig ◽  
Klaus Schricker ◽  
Jean Pierre Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Glass Plate ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Process Models ◽  
External Process ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Loss Of Mass ◽  
Processing Zone ◽  
High Processing

High processing speeds enormously enlarge the number of possible fields of application for laser processes. For example, material removal for sheet cutting using multiple passes or precise mass corrections can be achieved by means of spatter formation. For a better understanding of spatter formation at processing speeds of several hundred meters per minute, characterizations of the processing zone are required. For this purpose, a 400 W single-mode fiber laser was used in this study to process stainless steel AISI 304 (1.4301/X5CrNi18-10) with speeds of up to 600 m/min. A setup was developed that enabled a lateral high-speed observation of the processing zone by means of a glass plate flanking. This approach allowed for the measurement of several dimensions, such as the penetration depth, spatter formation, and especially, the inclination angle of the absorption front. It was shown that the loss of mass started to significantly increase when the absorption front was inclined at about 60°. In combination with precise weighings, metallographic examinations, and further external process observations, these findings provided an illustration of four empirical process models for different processing speeds.

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