Design and performance of a SAW ladder-type filter at 3.15 GHz using SAW mass-production technology [wireless LANs]

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2312-2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Springer ◽  
F. Hollerweger ◽  
F.H. Weigel ◽  
S. Berek ◽  
R. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Wireless Lans ◽  
And Performance

Development of Production Technology for Membrane-Electrode Assemblies With Radical Capturing Layer

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiro Kobayashi ◽  
Etsuro Hirai ◽  
Hideki Itou ◽  
Takuya Moriga
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Continuous Formation ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
Membrane Electrode Assemblies ◽  
Electrode Assemblies ◽  
Opening Ratio

This paper describes the development of mass-production technology for membrane-electrode assemblies (MEA) with a radical capturing layer and verifies its performance. Some of the authors of this paper previously developed an MEA with a radical capturing layer along the boundaries between the electrode catalyst layer and the polymer membrane to realize an endurance time of 20,000 h in accelerated daily start and daily stop (DSS) deterioration tests. Commercialization of these MEAs requires a production technology that suits mass production lines and provides reasonable cost performance. After developing a water-based slurry and selecting a gas diffusion layer (GDL), a catalyst layer forming technology uses a rotary screen method for electrode formation. Studies confirmed continuous formation of the catalyst layer, obtaining an anode/cathode thickness of 55 μm (+10/−20)/50 μm (+10/−20) by optimizing the opening ratio and thickness of the screen plate. A layer-forming technology developed for the radical capturing layer uses a two-fluid spraying method. Continuous formation of an 8 μm thick (±3 μm) radical capturing layer proved feasible by determining the appropriate slurry viscosity, spray head selection, and optimization of spraying conditions.

The Construction and Calibration of an electrical Hygrometer suitable for Microclimatic Measurements

1953 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Edney
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
High Water ◽  
Glass Wool ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Water Vapour Content ◽  
Fibre Glass ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Made In

The paper describes the construction, calibration and performance of an electrolytic hygrometer based on the principle of the “Gregory” hygrometer, but considerably smaller. Its dimensions are about 6×6×10 mm.The element consists of two platinum-clad nickel-iron electrodes, holding a spiral of continuous fibre-glass wool yarn which is impregnated with a solution of calcium chloride. The water content of this hygroscopic salt varies with humidity, so that the resistance between the two electrodes also varies. In order to measure this resistance, alternating current of a known voltage is used, and the current is measured in terms of micro-amperes. A suitable circuit is described. Air temperature is measured by a fine thermocouple permanently attached to each element.Long exposure to air above acid and water mixtures damages the elements so that calibration is best carried out without acid. An apparatus in which this can be done is described. A stream of air with a high water vapour content is cooled to a precisely known temperature which is below its saturation point, and then raised to the temperature required for calibration, so that its relative humidity is known as it passes over the element being calibrated. Finally the dew-point is again found as a check. Temperature affects the resistance of the elements, and calibration must therefore be carried out at three different constant temperatures.Curves obtained by means of this apparatus show that one element will give readings from 50 to 98 per cent. R.H. within ±2 per cent. Another element with more hygroscopic salt must be used for humidities between 60 and 10 per cent. R.H.There is an ageing process whereby the resistance of each element increases for some time after it has been constructed. This period can be shortened by exposing the elements to alternating high and low humidities for a few days. Elements which have received this treatment can be calibrated and used after six weeks, and will remain in calibration for at least a fortnight.Subsequent calibrations can be made in a simple apparatus (which is described) involving acid-and-water mixtures, but the use of filters and exposure of the elements for no more than 15 minutes avoids damage.The hygrometer equilibrates in a new humidity within ten minutes.The instruments possess certain advantages: they are small, they can be read or recorded at a distance, and they do not depend upon evaporation of water, so that disturbance of the natural environment is minimised. The main disadvantages are that they cannot be exposed to saturated air without going out of calibration and that each instrument must be calibrated individually—they cannot easily be standardised for mass production.

Technology of Low Cost Production of FGMs

2005 ◽  
Vol 492-493 ◽  
pp. 761-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuto Kisara ◽  
Masayuki Niino ◽  
Hironori Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Induction Heating ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Graded Layers ◽  
Sintering Method ◽  
Sps Sintering

In this paper, we introduced research and development of technology of low cost production of FGMs. This research is designated for development of mass production technology for production of ceramic wares with induction heating (IH) function. Slurry lamination method has advantage in forming graded layers due to its simplicity and easiness. However, this method has a disadvantage to generate cracks during drying process. Therefore, freeze-dry in vacuum was introduced in drying process of slurry lamination. By doing so, mass production could be achieved. In this trial production, we adopted SPS sintering method to production technique. In the future, we will further develop other applications of FGMs into industrial products.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document