Kinetics of pinned layer and free layer relaxation upon hard axis anneal of NiMn spin valves

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1698-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Baril ◽  
D. Mauri ◽  
J. McCord ◽  
S. Gider ◽  
Tsann Lin
Keyword(s):  
Spin Valves ◽  
Free Layer ◽  
Hard Axis ◽  
Kinetics Of

Enhancement of giant magnetoresistance properties of NiO spin valves with an oxidized free layer naturally in the air

2001 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 6946-6948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Kee Kim ◽  
Do-Guwn Hwang ◽  
Sang-Suk Lee ◽  
Ho-Wan Joo ◽  
Ky-Am Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Spin Valves ◽  
Free Layer

scholarly journals Effect of Campylobacter-Specific Maternal Antibodies on Campylobacter jejuni Colonization in Young Chickens

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 5372-5379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Sahin ◽  
Naidan Luo ◽  
Shouxiong Huang ◽  
Qijing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Free Layer ◽  
Systemic Immune Response ◽  
Natural Production ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACT Using laboratory challenge experiments, we examined whether Campylobacter-specific maternal antibody (MAB) plays a protective role in young chickens, which are usually free of Campylobacter under natural production conditions. Kinetics of C. jejuni colonization were compared by infecting 3-day-old broiler chicks, which were naturally positive for Campylobacter-specific MAB, and 21-day-old broilers, which were negative for Campylobacter-specific MAB. The onset of colonization occurred much sooner in birds challenged at the age of 21 days than it did in the birds inoculated at 3 days of age, which suggested a possible involvement of specific MAB in the delay of colonization. To further examine this possibility, specific-pathogen-free layer chickens were raised under laboratory conditions with or without Campylobacter infection, and their 3-day-old progenies with (MAB+) or without (MAB−) Campylobacter-specific MAB were orally challenged with C. jejuni. Significant decreases in the percentage of colonized chickens were observed in the MAB+ group during the first week compared with the MAB− group. These results indicate that Campylobacter-specific MAB plays a partial role in protecting young chickens against colonization by C. jejuni. Presence of MAB in young chickens did not seem to affect the development of systemic immune response following infection with C. jejuni. However, active immune responses to Campylobacter occurred earlier and more strongly in birds infected at 21 days of age than those infected at 3 days of age. Clearance of Campylobacter infection was also observed in chickens infected at 21 days of age. Taken together, these findings (i) indicate that anti-Campylobacter MAB contributes to the lack of Campylobacter infection in young broiler chickens in natural environments and (ii) provide further evidence supporting the feasibility of development of immunization-based approaches for control of Campylobacter infection in poultry.

Influence of Synthetic Antiferromagnet Free Layer on Current-Perpendicular-to-Plane Spin-Valves

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 2245-2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Jiang ◽  
S. Abe ◽  
T. Nozaki ◽  
N. Tezuka ◽  
K. Inomata
Keyword(s):  
Spin Valves ◽  
Free Layer ◽  
Synthetic Antiferromagnet ◽  
Current Perpendicular To Plane

scholarly journals Coresonant Enhancement of Spin-Torque Critical Currents in Spin Valves with a Synthetic-Ferrimagnet Free Layer

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Smith ◽  
Stefan Maat ◽  
Matthew J. Carey ◽  
Jeffrey R. Childress
Keyword(s):  
Critical Currents ◽  
Spin Valves ◽  
Spin Torque ◽  
Free Layer
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