Lockdown exit strategy optimality will impact recovery

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
State Capacity ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
World Population ◽  
Exit Strategy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Exit Strategies

Subject Lockdown exit optimality. Significance State capacity and social cohesion will be crucial to a country's ability to determine and implement a more-or-less optimal exit strategy. Impacts Nations exiting successfully, as viewed by health and economic outcomes, will have had a ‘good pandemic’; their policies will be imitated. For public policy, there are advantages to countries adopting different exit strategies because if all converge, far less will be learned. Research shows that 22% of the world population has at least one existing condition, raising their risk and making a gradated exit tricky.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on community lifelines

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeem Abas ◽  
Esmat Kalair ◽  
Saad Dilshad ◽  
Nasrullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Population ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe authors present the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on community lifelines. The state machinery has several departments to secure essential lifelines during disasters and epidemics. Many countries have formed national disaster management authorities to deal with manmade and natural disasters. Typical lifelines include food, water, safety and security, continuity of services, medicines and healthcare equipment, gas, oil and electricity supplies, telecommunication services, transportation means and education system. Supply chain systems are often affected by disasters, which should have alternative sources and routes. Doctors, nurses and medics are front-line soldiers against diseases during pandemics.Design/methodology/approachThe COVID-19 pandemic has revealed how much we all are connected yet unprepared for natural disasters. Political leaders prioritize infrastructures, education but overlook the health sector. During the recent pandemic, developed countries faced more mortalities, fatalities and casualties than developing countries. This work surveys the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health, energy, environment, industry, education and food supply lines.FindingsThe COVID-19 pandemic caused 7% reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during global lockdowns. In addition, COVID-19 has affected social fabric, behaviors, cultures and official routines. Around 2.84 bn doses have been administrated, with approximately 806 m people (10.3% of the world population) are fully vaccinated around the world to date. Most developed vaccines are being evaluated for new variants like alpha, beta, gamma, epsilons and delta first detected in the UK, South Africa, Brazil, USA and India. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all sectors in society, yet this paper critically reviews the impact of COVID-19 on health and energy lifelines.Practical implicationsThis paper critically reviews the health and energy lifelines during pandemic COVID-19 and explains how these essential services were interrupted.Originality/valueThis paper critically reviews the health and energy lifelines during pandemic COVID-19 and explains how these essential services were interrupted.

Lawsuits, not regulation, will shape US fracking

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Native American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
To Come ◽  
Fracking Fluid ◽  
Federal Rule

Subject The implications of new regulations on fracking. Significance The Department of the Interior on March 20 unveiled the first comprehensive federal rule to cover hydraulic fracturing ('fracking') operations on federally-owned and Native American lands. The rule adjusts construction standards to protect water resources and requires companies to disclose the chemical content of fracking fluid, as well as to give advance public notice of fracking activity. Impacts The United States may provide the template for shale regulations in other parts of the world. Water scarcity will lead to additional public policy constraints on fracking. The California drought will imperil the viability of the Monterey shale basin for years to come.

Generational cohort theory and wine: analyzing how gen Z differs from other American wine consuming generations

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Thach ◽  
Sam Riewe ◽  
Angelo Camillo
Keyword(s):  
World Population ◽  
Sparkling Wine ◽  
Generational Cohort ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Wine Market ◽  
Cohort Theory

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the wine consumption preferences and behavior of Gen Z wine consumers in the USA and to determine if and how Gen Z differ from other major generational cohorts in the USA. This study applies the concepts of generational cohort theory to the US wine market to examine similarities and differences between age cohorts and their potential impact on future wine sales. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative survey was conducted with a quota sample of 1,136 US wine consumers located in all 50 states. Data analysis included one-way ANOVA analysis to test the null hypothesis that the generational cohort means are equal. If the test detected at least one mean difference across cohorts, then pairwise comparisons were performed to identify, which groups differed. The Tukey–Kramer method was used for all post hoc tests. Basic descriptive statistics were also calculated. Findings The results show some parallels in terms of similar consumption levels and a higher preference for red wine across all cohorts. However, on the majority of other common wine consumer research topics, Gen Z shows significant differences. Of specific interest, Gen Z consumers report higher levels of preference for sparkling wine than other cohorts; prefers to drink in social situations; are much more interested in labels and package; make decisions based on varietal and alcohol level and are much more engaged on Instagram and Snapchat social media platforms – all pointed to new marketing tactics needed to reach this new consumer segment. Originality/value This is the first empirical wine research study to explore the wine preferences and behaviors of Gen Z in the US market. This is valuable because Gen Z is a very large population of consumers, comprising 32% of the world population (Miller and Wei, 2018) and already represent more than $143bn in buying power (Dill, 2015). They are expected to have a huge impact on consumer products, not only in the USA but also on a global basis. Given that the USA is currently the largest wine market in the world in both volume and value (Wine Institute, 2019; VinExpo, 2018), it is important that research is conducted on this new and powerful generation.

If the World Were a Village: Learning Mathematics While Learning About the World

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-228
Author(s):  
Eva Thanheiser ◽  
Courtney Koestler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Population ◽  
National Council ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
The World ◽  
Share Data

[The If the World Were a Village book (Smith, 2011) and activity (described in this article)] was a really good way to open one’s perspective. As an American, I tend to be a bit focused on the United States, so to see how much [or how little] of the world is actually represented in my perspective was enlightening. Living in the United States . . . I was surprised that only 5% [of the world population] were from North America. Long-standing and ongoing calls exist for making mathematics meaningful, relevant, and applicable outside the classroom. Major mathematics education organizations (National Council of Teachers of Mathematics [NCTM], National Council of Supervisors of Mathematics [NCSM], Association of Mathematics Teacher Educators [AMTE], TODOS: Mathematics for ALL) have called for mathematics to be seen as a tool for understanding and critiquing the world. To prepare students and teachers to do this, we must go beyond “everyday" contexts and include analysis of social justice issues into our courses. We share an activity designed to address these calls while also addressing the mathematics goals of the course. We share data showing that prospective teachers learned mathematics while also learning about their world and reframing their view of mathematics as a tool to make sense of the world.

An analysis of factors and conditions pertaining to the rise of the sharing economy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Yeganeh
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
World Population ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Psychological Conditions ◽  
World Population Growth ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective

PurposeThis study aims to examine the various factors and conditions pertaining to the rise of the sharing economy.Design/methodology/approachAfter framing the sharing economy concept, the study adopts a multidisciplinary approach and relies on the extant literature to analyze and classify eight major groups of factors behind the rise of the sharing economy.FindingsThe analysis indicates that the sharing economy (1) represents a significant paradigm shift emphasizing utilization rather than possession and relying on mutual trust, collaboration and reciprocity; (2) benefits from fundamental transformations such as the world population growth, global urbanization, surge in the world middle class and the convergence of tastes and preferences; (3) relies on technological innovation but is affected by socio-cultural and psychological conditions; (4) is driven by emerging trends in consumption, marketing and working conditions; (5) benefits from lax or nonexistent regulation and taxation; and (6) is recognized as clean and environmentally friendly.Originality/valueThis paper's chief contribution resides in adopting a multidisciplinary perspective to offer an in-depth analysis of the various types of factors behind the rise of the sharing economy.

An examination of the influence of business environments on the attraction of globally mobile self-initiated expatriates

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Ryan ◽  
Sari Silvanto
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
World Population ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic

PurposeThis study examines which dimensions of a business environment are most important for attracting globally mobile self-initiated expatriates to a country. The authors use secondary data from the World Bank, the World Economic Forum, IMD and the World Population Review to test eight hypotheses involving six macro-contextual factors that prior studies suggest attract internationally mobile skilled professionals, such as self-initiated expatriates, to a country's business environment. The macro-contextual factors examined are socio-cultural, economic, natural, ecological, technological clusters and legal and regulatory.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use secondary data from the World Bank, IMD, World Population Report and the World Economic Forum to test eight hypotheses concerning macro-contextual factors that attract self-initiated expatriates to a country's business environment.FindingsThe study finds that factors such as the ease of hiring foreign labor, the use of English, macroeconomic stability, the diversity of the workforce and the quality of life in a country positively influence the attractiveness of its business environment to self-initiated expatriates. The study also finds that a business environment's socio-cultural, natural, economic and legal and regulatory macro-contextual attributes make it attractive to self-initiated expatriates.Originality/valueTo reduce common source bias, the authors use secondary data from four sources to examine which of six macro-contextual factors make a sample of 63 national business environments attractive to self-initiated expatriates. This study is one of the few to examine the impact of business environments on global mobility.

Virus testing will be key to lockdown exit strategies

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Recovery Capacity ◽  
The World ◽  
Exit Strategies ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Virus Testing

Subject COVID-19 lockdown 'exit strategies'. Significance As the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) spreads through the world, there is increasing acceptance that nationwide lockdowns are currently the only options for many countries whose healthcare systems are set to be overwhelmed. Lockdowns will provide invaluable time for recovery, capacity-building and scientific progress, but they will also require the development of acceptable ‘exit strategies’. Impacts Many countries’ escalation to lockdown has been too slow to prevent their healthcare systems from being overwhelmed. China’s daily cases fell twelve days after lockdown; this may take longer for countries whose restrictive measures are less stringent. Countries will closely study others that are already able to begin lifting their restrictions, such as China.

The privatisation of healthcare system in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Redwanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that triggered the privatisation of Bangladesh’s health sector. Design/methodology/approach This study follows systematic reviews in its undertaking and is based on an extensive review of both published and unpublished documents. Different search engines and databases were used to collect the materials. The study takes into account of various research publications, journal articles, government reports, policy and planning documents, relevant press reports/articles, and reports and discussion papers from the World Health Organization, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank. Findings While Bangladesh’s healthcare sector has undergone an increasing trend towards privatisation, this move has limited benefits on the overall improvement in the health of the people of Bangladesh. The public sector should remain vital, and the government must remobilise it to provide better provision of healthcare. Research limitations/implications The paper focusses only on the public policy aspect of privatisation in healthcare of a country. Practical implications The paper examines the issue of privatisation of healthcare and concludes that privatisation not only makes services more expensive, but also diminishes equity and accountability in the provision of services. The study, first, makes a spate of observations on improving public healthcare resources, which can be of value to key decision makers and stakeholders in the healthcare sector. It also discourages the move towards private sector interventions. Originality/value This study is an independent explanation of a country’s healthcare system. Lesson learned from this study could also be used for developing public policy in similar socio-economic contexts.

What did Ryan Lochte do? The double-edged sword of endorsers behaving badly

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Vredenburg ◽  
Marilyn Giroux
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Brand Associations ◽  
Celebrity Endorsement ◽  
Exit Strategy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brand Recognition ◽  
Exit Strategies ◽  
Meaning Transfer

Purpose Endorsement deals are a key contributing factor for companies to gain brand recognition and positive brand associations from consumers. However, endorsement relationships can be risky for firms in the event of an endorser’s bad behavior or involvement in scandals. The purpose of this paper is to examine how brands can use endorsement exit strategies to minimize and even benefit from negative situations involving its endorser. Design/methodology/approach After a review of celebrity endorsement literature, the paper investigates the Rio Olympic Games robbery scandal involving American swimmer Ryan Lochte as a detailed case. By studying the timeline of sponsor-related activities, relevant theories and brand outcomes through Google Trends, indications of a calculated and strategic exit from the endorsement relationship emerge. Findings The case analysis establishes that sponsors can successfully leverage the negative associations toward a disgraced endorser. Based on the process of meaning transfer, this case proposes that sponsors can benefit from its public dissociation from the endorser and gain awareness from this separation. Originality/value This paper is the first study to examine the positive impact of a celebrity endorsement scandal. It highlights the need for managers to actively prepare endorsement exit strategies in the event of negative associations or endorser actions. The timing and scope of the exit strategy can both limit negative meaning transfer, and leverage the situation creating positive perceptions of integrity and ethics for the sponsor.

Adverse EU demographics will hinder potential growth

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
World Population ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
The Eu

Subject Europe's demographic changes. Significance The world population should approach 10 billion in 2050, according to the World Bank. It reached 7.5 billion in 2017. The trend veils large differences across continents, with the populations of Africa, the Middle East and Asia expected to rise sharply, although China’s population will start declining soon. The EU population is expected to drop from 512 million in 2017 to 500 million in 2050. Impacts The EU is not prepared for a future migration crisis. Low potential growth due to adverse demographics will cause public debt-to-GDP ratios to remain sticky in most EU countries. The EU labour market may be close to peak employment, as growth is too low to create more jobs.

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