Spain faces economic challenges despite recent growth

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
North America ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Economic Shocks ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Recent Growth ◽  
Emerging Trends

Significance Despite the budget's commitment to social investment reflecting recent growth and post-recessionary optimism, emerging trends in the national and global economy, compounded by the risk of political instability, threaten to destabilise Spain’s economy over the coming years. Impacts Stretched public finances will leave little space to counter economic shocks. Pressure on existing markets will encourage companies further to diversify their export markets. Weaknesses in Latin America may push Spanish companies to pivot towards Europe and North America.

Migration and outward FDI: a double direction approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Alcaraz ◽  
Elizabeth Salamanca
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Social Network ◽  
North America ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify, based on social network theory, the relationship between the direction of international migration (immigration/emigration) and the international movement of enterprises and their location. Design/methodology/approach A traditional gravity model and the Tobit estimation method are applied to three groups of countries from three different regions: Latin America, North America and the European Union. The study considers a period from 2001 to 2012. Findings The main results suggest that the international migration that goes from the European Union and North America to Latin America is related with the firms’ internationalization and their respective location. Practical implications Given that migration can be an important and reliable source of information, trust and knowledge, managers should see it as a “bridge” between the home and host countries, which, in turn, can increase their competitive advantage. Social implications Governments can learn how migration and outward foreign direct investment interact. In addition, they could develop political frameworks to accurately and effectively manage international migration (immigration and emigration) and FDI in the best interests of the stakeholders. Originality/value This study extends the social network theory by suggesting that networks are not only related with firms’ expansion abroad but as well with their location. This statement could be generalizable as long as emigration/networks (ethnic ties) are considered the links between the home and the host country.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Omadacycline Activity against Clinical Isolates from a Global Collection (North America, Europe, Latin America, Asia-Western Pacific), 2010-2011

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Pfaller ◽  
Michael D. Huband ◽  
Paul R. Rhomberg ◽  
Robert K. Flamm
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
North America ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Viridans Group Streptococci

ABSTRACT Omadacycline is a broad-spectrum aminomethylcycline in late-stage clinical development for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections and community-acquired pneumonia as an oral and an intravenous once-daily formulation. In this study, omadacycline and comparators were tested against 69,246 nonduplicate bacterial isolates collected prospectively during 2010 and 2011 from medical centers in Asia-Pacific (11,397 isolates), Europe (23,490 isolates), Latin America (8,038 isolates), and North America (26,321 isolates). Omadacycline was tested by broth microdilution following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M07-A10 (2015) methods. A total of 99.9% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were inhibited by ≤2 μg/ml of omadacycline (MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 μg/ml), including 100.0% of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates and 99.8% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates. Omadacycline potencies were comparable for Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.06 μg/ml), viridans group streptococci (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12 μg/ml), and beta-hemolytic streptococci (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12 μg/ml) regardless of species and susceptibility to penicillin. Omadacycline was active against Enterobacteriaceae and was most active against Escherichia coli (MIC50/90, 0.5/2 μg/ml), Enterobacter aerogenes (MIC50/90, 2/4 μg/ml), Klebsiella oxytoca (MIC50/90, 1/4 μg/ml), and Citrobacter spp. (MIC50/90, 1/4 μg/ml). Omadacycline was active against Haemophilus influenzae (MIC50/90, 1/1 μg/ml) regardless of β-lactamase status and against Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 μg/ml). The potent activity of omadacycline against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria indicates that omadacycline merits further study in serious infections in which multidrug resistance and mixed Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections may be a concern.

Vaca Muerta boost will not meet Argentine aspirations

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Price Controls ◽  
Vaca Muerta ◽  
Unconventional Oil And Gas ◽  
President Elect ◽  
Infrastructure Investments

Subject The outlook for Vaca Muerta. Significance Advisers to President-elect Alberto Fernandez are working on a set of measures whose aim would be to lure up to 28 billion dollars in investment into unconventional oil and gas projects through 2023. Impacts The likelihood of further exchange and fuel price controls and political instability will deter hydrocarbons investment. Distance from export markets and obstacles to necessary infrastructure investments will undermine hopes of a broader economic boost. Relatively capacious global hydrocarbons supplies may mute investor interest in costly projects facing political and regulatory instability.

Lithium value-add faces obstacles in Latin America

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
North America ◽  
Lithium Battery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Steel Maker ◽  
Value Add

Subject Outlook for the "lithium triangle". Significance South Korean steel maker POSCO announced in June that it is pulling out of a joint project with Samsung to manufacture lithium battery parts in Chile. POSCO’s exit came despite an earlier agreement giving it guaranteed supplies of lithium at preferential prices for 27 years. Impacts Some lithium battery factories will be built in Latin America in coming years, but there will be questions over long-term profitability. Locating some battery manufacturing in lithium triangle countries may come to be seen as the price to be paid to secure mining rights. Large-scale battery production will remain concentrated in major EV assembly facilities in China, North America and Europe. Lithium triangle countries will be under ongoing pressure to balance lighter touch regulation with environmental protection.

Prospects for the global economy in the second quarter

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Global Growth

Subject Prospects for the global economy in the second quarter. Significance Heightened geopolitical risk undermines the potential for any short-term strengthening of world economic activity. In the second quarter, global growth should be similar to that experienced in early 2015. Over the first half of this year, it will remain in the 3.0-3.5% range, similar to the 2014 growth rate of 3.3%. Many countries remain vulnerable to international tensions: there will be no early recovery in the commodity-producing economies of the Middle East, Africa and Latin America, or in Eastern Europe.

COVID-19 will shatter Tunisian economic revival hopes

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Informal Employment ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Weak Growth ◽  
Deep Recession ◽  
Eu Support

Subject Economic impacts of COVID-19 on Tunisia. Significance With nearly half the world’s population currently in some form of lockdown, the global economy is braced for a deep recession. This is likely to deal a disastrous blow to the plans of the newly installed government to turn a page on a decade of weak growth and high unemployment. Impacts Manufacturing will be squeezed by supply chain issues and lower demand in export markets. IMF and EU support will relieve any immediate pressure on import cover and healthcare provision. Informal employment may grow and remain higher over the medium to long term.

Growth of AI faces stiff challenges in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Informal Labour ◽  
Slow Technology

Significance As AI systems become increasingly central to the global economy, this poor performance risks further damaging the economic prospects of a region that has long struggled to achieve sustainable growth rates. Impacts Falling behind in the digital and AI ‘revolutions’ will likely hamper LAC’s development efforts for decades. LAC governments will increasingly draft AI strategies -- of varying levels of quality and effectiveness. The inscrutability of many AI-generated decisions may slow technology adoption, especially in the public sector. Some businesses and public agencies will jump at this opportunity, but the extent of informal labour in particular will limit its scope.

COVID-19 shocks point to recession in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Export Demand ◽  
Economic Shocks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Limited Space ◽  
Financial Conditions

Subject The economic impact of COVID-19. Significance COVID-19 arrived in Latin America relatively late, but the response from governments has been mixed, and cases are now rising exponentially. The region faces multiple economic shocks: to domestic economic activity, export demand, tourism, commodity prices and financial conditions. Following years of weak economic performance, there is limited space for fiscal and monetary stimulus. Impacts New waves of unrest could follow a recession, particularly if governments are seen to have mishandled the crisis. Leaders who have downplayed the threat from coronavirus and been slow to act could face a backlash as the crisis deepens. Venezuela is particularly vulnerable to a pandemic.

The Politics of Social Investment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silja Häusermann ◽  
Bruno Palier
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Second Step ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Specific Substance

Recent research on the development of social investment has demonstrated reform progress not only in different regions of Europe, but also in Latin America and South-East Asia. However, the specific substance of the social investment agendas varies strongly between these regions. Why have social investment ideas and policies been more developed in some regions and countries than in others? Building on the theoretical framework of this volume, our chapter suggests that the content of regional social investment agendas depends on policy legacies in terms of investment vs consumption-oriented policies and their interaction with structural pressures. In a second step, we argue that the chances of social investment agendas to be implemented depend on the availability of political support coalitions between organizational representatives of the educated middle classes and either business or working-class actors. We illustrate our claims with reference to family policy developments in France, Germany, and Switzerland.

scholarly journals Is there an imbalance in the supply and demand for universal accessibility knowledge? Twenty years of UAIS papers viewed through the lens of WCAG

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frode Eika Sandnes
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
North America ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Universal Accessibility ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Research Profile ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

AbstractPurpose: Some universal accessibility practitioners have voiced that they experience a mismatch in the research focus and the need for knowledge within specialized problem domains. This study thus set out to identify the balance of research into the main areas of accessibility, the impact of this research, and how the research profile varies over time and across geographical regions. Method: All UAIS papers indexed in Scopus were analysed using bibliometric methods. The WCAG taxonomy of accessibility was used for the analysis, namely perceivable, operable, and understandable. Results: The results confirm the expectation that research into visual impairment has received more attention than papers addressing operable and understandable. Although papers focussing on understandable made up the smallest group, papers in this group attracted more citations. Funded research attracted fewer citations than research without funding. The breakdown of research efforts appears consistent over time and across different geographical regions. Researchers in Europe and North America have been active throughout the last two decades, while Southeast Asia, Latin America, and Middle East became active in during the last five years. There is also seemingly a growing trend of out-of-scope papers. Conclusions: Based on the findings, several recommendations are proposed to the UAIS editorial board.

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