Colombia vote raises concerns for mining firms

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Legal Costs ◽  
Mining Projects

Subject Local vetoes on mining activities. Significance Local governments opposed to mining projects planned in their districts have been awarded new powers to derail developments through a series of decisions from the Constitutional Court. On July 29, authorities in Tolima became the first to leverage one such decision in order to approve plans for a referendum over a proposed local ban on mining activity. Impacts Even firms with strong central government support will have scant protection from regulatory risk. Mining companies may see legal costs mount as they prepare appeals against court rulings that could undermine the viability of projects. Delays will further undermine government efforts to bolster Colombia's economy via the expansion of this strategic industry.

Ecuador’s Moreno looks to mining sector for growth

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mining Investment ◽  
Mining Projects ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Views

Subject Mining update. Significance The inclusion of a question relating to the extractives industry in a national referendum last year suggested the government of President Lenin Moreno was keen to listen to public views on the sector and balance the demands of mining firms and anti-mining activists. However, recent events suggest the state is backing the former as it seeks to attract foreign direct investment and generate fresh revenues. This will bring the government into conflict with indigenous movements, water committees and environmental activists, and create tensions between the central and local governments. Impacts Mining investment and exports would ease pressure on the balance of payments and reduce the chance of restrictions being placed on imports. The government’s pressuring of the Constitutional Court to block popular consultations on mining projects will undermine its credibility. Mining will be a key issue in the 2021 presidential election; the indigenous Pachakutik party will benefit from anti-mining sentiment.

scholarly journals Policy Evaluation of Central Government and Local Governments in Untia Fishing Port Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 921 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
R S Utami ◽  
Budimawan ◽  
Kurniaty
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Port Development ◽  
Port Management ◽  
Supply Industry ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
The Republic

Abstract The fishing port as the basis for the capture fisheries sector has a very important role in the national economy. Since the inauguration in 2016 until now, Untia Makassar Fishing Port has not shown an increase in activity as expected. This research objective is to make an inventory of the regulations related to the Untia Fishery Port Management Policies and how is the implementation of the Untia Fishery Port Management Policies. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The method of data collection is done by interview, participatory observation, documentation, and questionnaire. The results show that the Decree of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia Number 74 / KEPMEN-KP / 2016 concerning the Management of Untia Fishery Ports has not succeeded in becoming a tool in increasing fisheries activities. Therefore, it is necessary to coordinate immediately with the Ministry of Administrative Reform - Bureaucratic Reform (Kemenpan-RB) so that the nomenclature of Untia fishery port managers can be immediately determined so that additional human resources and budgeting resources can be added. The efforts must be made so that policy implementation can be maximized in the community, namely (1) local government support for the initiation of the 30 GT ship to facilitate it to the fishery port for use and (2) local government support in the form of regulations for industrial entrepreneurs both in the ship supply industry as well as the marketing and distribution of fishery products to grow the fishery industry at the port of Untia.

Fiscal decentralization, preference for government innovation and city innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siying Yang ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Fiscal Expenditure ◽  
Government Innovation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether fiscal decentralization has impacts on city innovation level and to examine the moderating effects of the preference for government innovation in China. Design/methodology/approach Using a panel data of China’s 278 cities from 2003 to 2016, the authors first use fixed-effect model and quantile regression to analyze the impact of fiscal decentralization on city innovation level and the variations of impacts conditional on different innovation levels, followed by a mediating effect model to test the moderating effects of the preference for government innovation and its temporal and spatial heterogeneity. Findings The paper finds that fiscal decentralization significantly inhibited city innovation, and with the improvement of city innovation level, the inhibition demonstrated characteristics of “V” type variation. When the degree of fiscal decentralization is between 0.377 and 0.600, the inhibition of fiscal decentralization on city innovation level is the weakest. We further show that fiscal decentralization also inhibits the government's preference for innovation, reduces the proportion of fiscal expenditure on innovation and has a negative impact on city innovation. In addition, the influence of fiscal decentralization on city innovation present clear heterogeneity in space and in time. On one hand, the inhibition of fiscal decentralization on city innovation level in eastern China is significantly weaker than that in central and Western China; on the other hand, after the implementation of China’s innovation-driven development strategy in 2013, the negative impact of fiscal decentralization on city innovation disappeared. Research limitations/implications The research findings have certain policy implications. That is, in the process of decentralization reform, on the one hand, the central government should strengthen the supervision over the fiscal expenditure of local governments and ensure that the central government can play a leading role in the local development strategy, on the other hand, the central government should guard against the distortion of fiscal decentralization on local governments' fiscal expenditure behavior. In addition, the central government should also focus on the heterogeneity of the impacts of fiscal decentralization on cities under different strategic backgrounds and different levels of innovation. Originality/value This paper extends prior research by bringing the decentralization system reform into the study of city innovation system and analyzing its mechanism and its temporal and spatial heterogeneity.

Understanding the forces and critical features of a new reporting and budgeting system adoption by Indonesian local government

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-167
Author(s):  
Harun Harun ◽  
David Carter ◽  
Abu Taher Mollik ◽  
Yi An
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
New Technology ◽  
National Level ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Policymaking And Implementation

Purpose This paper aims to critically explore the forces and critical features relating to the adoption of a new reporting and budgeting system (RBS) in Indonesian local governments. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on an intensive analysis of document sources and interview scripts around the institutionalization of RBS by the Indonesian government and uses the adaption of Dillard et al. (2004) institutional model in informing its findings. Findings The authors find that at the national level, the key drivers in RBS adoption were a combination of exogenous economic and coercive pressures and the wish to mimic accounting reforms in developed nations. At the local government level, the internalization of RBS is a response to a legal obligation imposed by the central government. Despite the RBS adoption has strengthened the transparency of local authorities reports – it limits the roles of other members of citizens in determining how local government budgets are allocated. Research limitations/implications The results of the study should be understood in the historical and institutional contexts of organizations observed. Practical implications The authors reinforce the notion that accounting as a business language dominates narratives and conversations surrounding the nature of government reporting and budgeting systems and how resource allocation is formulated and practiced. This should remind policymakers in other developing nations that any implementation of a new accounting technology should consider institutional capacities of public sector organizations and how the new technology benefits the public. Social implications The authors argue that the dominant role of international financial authorities in the policymaking and implementation of RBS challenges the aim of autonomy policies, which grant greater roles for local authorities and citizens in determining the nature of the budgets and operation of local authorities. Originality/value This study extends institutional theory by adapting the Dillard et al. (2004) model in explaining the forces, actors and critical features of a new accounting system adoption by local governments.

Indonesian local business climate set to worsen

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
Provincial Level ◽  
Local Business ◽  
Legal Costs

Subject Outlook for the business climate at the district and municipal levels. Significance To improve the local investment climate by making it more predictable and transparent, the 2014 Regional Autonomy Law empowered national and provincial governments to revoke lower-level regulations that were violating national or provincial-level laws. However, the Constitutional Court in April ruled in favour of district and municipal governments, annulling some crucial provisions of the 2014 law. Impacts The local business climate is likely to become geographically more uneven. Discriminatory social policies, notably for women and minorities, will be harder to revoke. Legal costs for businesses wishing to challenge predatory regulations may prove prohibitive.

Fiscal decentralization in Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Im Gon Cho
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
National Government ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Local Taxes ◽  
Local Municipalities ◽  
High Level

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to make policy recommendations for the current fiscal decentralization discussion by examining the operating mechanisms of local taxes, unconditional grants, and conditional grants within the fiscal relationships between the national government and local governments in Korea. Design/methodology/approach After examining the current fiscal relationships between the national government and the local governments, this paper analyzes trends of local taxes, unconditional grants from both national and high-level local governments, and conditional grants from both national and high-level (or provincial level) local governments between 2002 and 2015. Local governments are classified into high-level local governments, and three types of low-level local governments are: si, kun, and ku. Findings Since the structure of local government finances in Korea is very complicatedly intertwined, the present decentralization discussion regarding increasing the share of local tax revenues may not achieve its purpose of fiscal decentralization. The authorities in charge of revenue allocation should be first decentralized at high-level local governments; high-level local governments should then arrange unconditional and conditional grants from high-level local governments to low-level local governments while taking into consideration unconditional and conditional grants from the national government to low-level governments. Originality/value The dichotomy between the central government and local municipalities has been utilized in the existing discussion regarding fiscal decentralization in Korea, but this study highlights the important resource allocation roles of high-level local governments.

Cross-sectoral comparison of concessions in transport

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Vanelslander ◽  
Gilles Chomat ◽  
Athena Roumboutsos ◽  
Géraldine Bonnet
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Road Development ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Approach ◽  
Full Analysis ◽  
Logic Approach ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology of comparing concession projects developed in different transport sub-sectors. The methodology is tested in the comparison of three different cases, each of which represent a particular mode of transport: a road development project, a city tramway project and a port lock construction initiative. Design/methodology/approach – A fuzzy logic approach methodology is applied in carrying out the comparison between cases. Granulation is achieved by employing a Contextual (Ws) Risk Analysis Framework, as risks constitute the basis to public private partnership (PPP) structure. Linguistic variables are then used to describe the comparative findings. Findings – The methodology presented allows for the comparison of three cases from different transport sub-sectors. Identification of similarities provides the potential to transfer experience from one sector to the other. With respect to the three cases studied, it was identified that traffic risk seems to be passed on to the private operators in relation to the level of exclusivity. Finally, PPP projects initiated by central government (as opposed to those initiated by local governments) seem to be more finance-driven than service-driven. Research limitations/implications – As the number of cases to be compared increases, quantitative comparative analysis fuzzy set values can be included in order to carry out a full analysis. The present approach should be considered introductory, as fuzzy sets are not generated due to the limited number of surveys (cases) compared (hence the term “pre-fuzzy”). Practical implications – The methodology presented and the cases tested indicate the possibility for knowledge/experience transfer and the transferability of best practices. Originality/value – Cross-sub-sectoral comparisons for transport PPP projects have not been identified in literature.

scholarly journals Inovasi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Program Aceh Kreatif Untuk Mengurangi Kemiskinan di Aceh

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Agatha Debby Reiza Macella ◽  
Najamudin Najamudin ◽  
Sri Wahyu Handayani ◽  
Irma Juraida
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Village

Aceh as one of the special autonomous regions which has a large enough budget compared to other regions makes the Aceh regional government have more useful programs to help alleviate poverty with a variety of superior programs, many regional potentials from various sectors that can be developed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of community empowerment programs through the Aceh Kreatif program so far and how the conditions of opportunities and challenges can be utilized by local governments in developing products and services from community empowerment through the Aceh Kreatif program. The research method used is a qualitative method. descriptive with the literature study technique The Aceh Creative Program is one of the 15 flagship programs of the Aceh government which indeed aims to improve the community's economy by emphasizing innovation creativity and utilizing local potential that is spread throughout the region from cities to villages in Aceh, contained in Aceh Qanun No.1 of 2019 concerning the Aceh Medium Term Development Plan (RPJM) for 2017-2022. The performance of the implementation of community empowerment through the Aceh program can be said to be good. 115 Bumdes are developing and getting turnover and obtaining PAG, several businesses were born in the village from community empowerment through the Aceh Kreatif program. Communication of the implementing agency is carried out through Focus Group discussions (FGD) then coordination meetings which are held regularly at the beginning of the year. In addition, the PMG Aceh Office conducts monitoring and evaluation of several gampongs in Aceh. Opportunities and challenges faced include central government support, competition, advances in science and technology, limited advice and infrastructure, as well as the quality and quantity of human resources.

Low Russian harvest prediction brings storage relief

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rail Freight ◽  
Adverse Weather

Subject Harvest forecast for Russia in 2018/19. Significance Adverse weather has reduced the grain harvest and export forecast for the coming agricultural year, but this may be a blessing as it will relieve pressure on storage and rail freight capacity. The farming sector has two new ministers, one inexperienced in agriculture and the other an agricultural veteran who crafted programmes for growth in the 2000s. Impacts Russia's food embargo has been extended to the end of 2019, and import substitution will provide some compensation. Regional neighbours such as Azerbaijan (displacing Turkish tomatoes) will supplement import substitution efforts. Central government support for agriculture in 2018 will grow by 4% in ruble terms but is still a negligible part of budget spending.

Local government modernization in Albania

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elona Guga
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose An attempt will be made to shed light on the course and pattern of the decentralization process by analyzing the historical development of local government and the territorial-administrative reform of 2015-2020 in Albania and the factors that have been shaping it. The scope is to understand the impact of the reform elements on the subnational governments and in general their overall impact on the government. The purpose of this paper is to fill the gap in the existing literature for Albania and at offering some insights on the administrative-territorial reform. Furthermore, it will contribute to the current debate on fiscal decentralization in South Eastern European (SEE) countries and the public management model implemented after the last reforms. Design/methodology/approach The first section analyzes the historical development of local government reforms from the 1990s to today and will help to identify if there is instrumentalism advocacy. The second section explains the determinants of the local government’s fiscal autonomy in Albania of the period from 2003 to 2016. Three indicators are used as proxies for fiscal decentralization: the proportion of subnational expenditure over national expenditure, of total subnational revenues over total revenues of central government and the indicator of own subnational revenues over total revenues of the central government. The data from the budget and the revised budgets are then compared. Findings Despite Albania’s commitment to decentralize its government functions, there is still work to do. The territorial and administrative reform has not generated the expected results. Almost 90 percent of the revenues still come from the central government’s unconditional transfers. Therefore, the Albanian Government should build capacities and skills, and train the employees of each level of government that currently benefit from international assistance. Research limitations/implications The analysis represents a single case study on the territorial-administrative reform in Albania. Its implementation started in 2015 and it is probably too early to discuss outcomes. However, it might be useful to analyze the first results after a two-and-a-half-year period of implementation of reforms. Despite contributing to the existing gap in the literature, additional research will be necessary to better understand the decentralization process not only in Albania, but in all SEE countries. Practical implications It is necessary to first understand the lack of initial output, as well as the various challenges faced, in order to take the corrective measures on time. Originality/value This paper discusses in detail the reform adopted and the progress made by the Albanian local government units. The reform attempts to develop better relationships between the central and local governments and hence improve their service delivery, transparency and accountability. This paper is the first one that is attempting to analyze the initial output of the territorial-administrative reform of 2015-2020.

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