Examining the consequences of sales management control strategies in European field sales organizations

Nowadays, with the higher voice of ship energy saving and emission reduction, the research on energy efficiency management is particularly necessary. Energy efficiency management and control of ships is an effective way to improve the ship energy efficiency. In this paper, according to the new clean propulsion system configurations of 5000 tons of bulk carrier, the energy efficiency management control strategy of the clean propulsion system is designed based on the model of advanced brushless doubly-fed shaft generator, propulsion system using LNG/diesel dual fuel engine and energy consumption of the main engine for reducing energy consumption. The simulation model of the entire propulsion system and the designed control strategy were designed. The influence of the engine speed on the ship energy efficiency was analyzed, and the feasibility of the energy efficiency management control strategies was verified by simulation using Matlab/Simulink. The results show that the designed strategies can ensure the power requirement of the whole ship under different conditions and improve the ship energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions.

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Echinococcosis: Advances in the 21st Century

Clinical Microbiology Reviews ◽

10.1128/cmr.00075-18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Hao Wen ◽

Lucine Vuitton ◽

Tuerhongjiang Tuxun ◽

Jun Li ◽

Dominique A. Vuitton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

21St Century ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Management Control ◽

Western China ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Global Challenge ◽

Treatment Techniques ◽

Significant Public Health

SUMMARY Echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by cestodes of the genus Echinococcus (family Taeniidae). This serious and near-cosmopolitan disease continues to be a significant public health issue, with western China being the area of highest endemicity for both the cystic (CE) and alveolar (AE) forms of echinococcosis. Considerable advances have been made in the 21st century on the genetics, genomics, and molecular epidemiology of the causative parasites, on diagnostic tools, and on treatment techniques and control strategies, including the development and deployment of vaccines. In terms of surgery, new procedures have superseded traditional techniques, and total cystectomy in CE, ex vivo resection with autotransplantation in AE, and percutaneous and perendoscopic procedures in both diseases have improved treatment efficacy and the quality of life of patients. In this review, we summarize recent progress on the biology, epidemiology, diagnosis, management, control, and prevention of CE and AE. Currently there is no alternative drug to albendazole to treat echinococcosis, and new compounds are required urgently. Recently acquired genomic and proteomic information can provide a platform for improving diagnosis and for finding new drug and vaccine targets, with direct impact in the future on the control of echinococcosis, which continues to be a global challenge.

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An Information Processing Approach for Deciding Upon Control Strategies and Reducing Control Loss in Emerging Organizations

Journal of Management ◽

10.1177/014920639602200105 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 113-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 108

Author(s):

Richard Leifer ◽

Peter K. Mills

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Goal Attainment ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Management Control ◽

Self Management ◽

Effective Control ◽

Task Completion ◽

Controlling Behavior ◽

Information Processing Perspective ◽

Control Loss

Control in emerging organizations is becoming increasingly problematic due to the need for increasing employee discretion of behavior stemming from greater uncertainty of how to accomplish tasks. Traditional control processes, based on the use of rules and supervision, are largely ineffective for effectively controlling behavior where there is uncertainty and ambiguity about how to successfully carry out tasks. This problem is approached here from an information processing perspective. Our contention is that effective control of tasks, that is, assuring goal attainment, is the result of linking the information processing (IP) requirements of tasks with information processing capabilities of three control strategies: objective controls, normative controls and self-management. A set of propositions are proposed suggesting that as IP requirements increase, there is greater reliance on normative and self-management control strategies for effective task completion. However, these high IP capability strategies will be effective only to the extent that the opportunity for control loss inherent in these strategies is reduced through investments in bonding and trust.

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Sales management control and job performance

Industrial Marketing Management ◽

10.1016/0019-8501(78)90072-x ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 311-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Charles M. Futrell ◽

Patrick L. Schul

Keyword(s):

Job Performance ◽

Sales Management ◽

Management Control

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Primeiro registro de Rachiplusia nu (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) sobrevivendo em soja Bt no Brasil

Entomological Communications ◽

10.37486/2675-1305.ec03028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. ec03028

Author(s):

Adriana C. Nardon ◽

Sandra M. Mathioni ◽

Leandro V. dos Santos ◽

Daniel D. Rosa

Keyword(s):

Control Strategies ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Amplicon Sequencing ◽

Management Control ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Sequencing Analysis ◽

Crop Species ◽

Soybean Leaf ◽

Coi Sequences ◽

Soybean Leaves

Loopers are important defoliators in several crop species. Among the loopers attacking non-Bt soybean cultivars, Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, [1858]) was the most common. The use of trangenic Bt soybean in appromately 70% of the soybean fields in Brazil led to a decrease in the loopers in these fields. However, technical field specialists and soybean producers recently observed Plusiinae larvae damaging transgenic Bt soybean, posing a risk over the Bt technology. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and confirm the catterpillar species feeding on transgenic Bt soybean fields in Brazil. Larvae and soybean leaf samples were collected in 12 soybean-producing locations from four Brazillian States. Soybean leaf samples were tested to confirm whether they were transgenic Bt. Larvae were reared in artificial diet and submitted to feeding trials on non-transgenic and transgenic Bt soybean leaves. The species identification was perfomed by amplicon sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene of eight larvae per local. All 12 populations fed in the transgenic Bt soybean and the sequencing analysis of COI determined that they belong to Rachiplusia nu (Guenée, 1852) with 100% similarity to the COI sequences available in NCBI for this species. These results suggest that the R. nu species is not controlled by the genetic modification event present in the tested soybean variety and highlights the need for additional looper management control strategies, such as insecticide application, for controlling this insect pest in transgenic Bt soybean.

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