A CONTINGENCY MODEL OF MANDATED MEDIATION: LESSONS FROM THE RAILWAY LABOR ACT

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Paul M. Swiercz ◽  
Linda P. Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Labor Management ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mediation Theory ◽  
Contingency Model ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
Management Conflicts

Over the past decade there has been an upsurge of interest in the study of mediation. Much of the current interest is the consequence of mediation's apparent success in the management of labor‐management conflicts. It is suggested here that a critical examination of mandated mediation—a long standing, but neglected part of negotiation under the Railway Labor Act of 1926—can make substantive contributions to the development of mediation theory. This paper proposes a conceptual model for understanding context, process, and outcome constraints on the performance of mandated mediation.

scholarly journals Presentation a Conceptual Model to Explain Determinants of Breakthrough the Islamic Banking Marketing: A Managerial Perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Seyed Reza Seyed-Javadin ◽  
Reza Raei ◽  
Mohammad Javad Iravani ◽  
Mohammad Safari
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Marketing Capabilities ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Managerial Perspective

Taking advantage of applications of marketing in the Islamic banking is a great opportunity for this area to gain competitive advantage in the today’s turbulent business and market. Specialized field of Islamic banking marketing is a subset of marketing management has received less attention and consideration. Islamic banking (IB) is one of the growing fields in the today's economy. To achieve more advancement in the IB it is necessary that recent findings of the other research and practical areas to be used and implemented. Scholars and experts believe that the market for Islamic banking has grown rapidly over the past few years, and this robust growth is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. In many markets, Islamic banking has evolved from being a niche offering into being part of the mainstream financial services landscape. Marketing capabilities can provide the convenient and required ground for the continued growth of Islamic banking. This study aimed at present a conceptual model to explain the determining factors to achieve the IB marketing from managerial perspective. Using a descriptive method this study tried to identify and present the main factors from managerial perspective that affected on the IB marketing. Proposed model and appropriated explanations have been provided in the paper.

What’s in a name? ‘Refugees’, ‘migrants’ and the politics of labelling

Race & Class ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tazreena Sajjad
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
European Continent ◽  
The Past ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
European Immigration ◽  
European Migration

Through a critical examination of European immigration policy and using the case of Afghan asylum seekers in the European continent, this article argues that the politics of labelling and the criminalisation and securitisation of migration undermine the protection framework for the globally displaced. However, the issue goes deeper than state politicking to circumvent responsibilities under international law. The construction of migrants as victims at best, and as cultural and security threats at worst, particularly in the case of Muslim refugees, not only assists in their dehumanisation, it also legitimises actions taken against them through the perpetuation of a particular discourse on the European Self and the non-European Other. At one level, such a dynamic underscores the long-standing struggle of Europe to articulate its identity within the economic, demographic and cultural anxieties produced by the dynamics of globalisation. At another, these existing constructions, which hierarchise ‘worthiness’, are limited in their reflection of the complex realities that force people to seek refuge. Simultaneously, the labels, and the discourse of which they are part, make it possible for Europe to deny asylum claims and expedite deportations while being globally accepted as a human rights champion. This process also makes it possible for Europe to categorise turbulent contexts such as Afghanistan as a ‘safe country’, even at a time when the global refugee protection regime demands creative expansion. Ultimately, the politics of European migration policy illustrates the evolution of European Orientalist discourse – utilised in the past to legitimise colonisation and domination, now used to legitimise incarceration and deportation.

The Influence of Politics and Diversity in Educational Differentiation

2020 ◽  
pp. 184-192
Author(s):  
Desiree L. DePriest
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Traditional Schools ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Online Environments

Current societal shifts are unfolding connections between laws, acts, and behaviors of the past that affect education in the present. There is limited scholarship that reveals the historical intentionality in excluding underrepresented and marginalized persons from education. The concern is that the quest for higher industry recognition based on the old models of elite and traditional schools will make online environments vulnerable to those same exclusions. The mission is to apply transparency to the underlying disparate history in education and how severely it has affected so many generations of people, change the paradigm going forward, and not repeat homogeneity online. This chapter proposes a critical examination of factors that necessitated the evolution from past education models established to perpetuate societal dominance by a select few, to the present inclusive online learning models. The chapter argues that technology, along with the failure to include diverse populations as a unique demographic, contributed to the disruption that became online learning.

Career Transitions and Change

2021 ◽  
pp. 264-277
Author(s):  
Roy David Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Career Transition ◽  
Career Pathways ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Roller Coaster ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Change Event

Over the last decade, the athlete’s career transition literature has shifted from a deterministic (or linear) to a probabilistic (nonlinear) perspective. Athletes’ careers can be perceived as a roller coaster ride, shaped by transitions (i.e., normative, nonnormative, quasi-normative, dual career, cultural, crisis), a change-event, appraisals, decision-making, coping, and environmental influences. Athletes can enjoy a fruitful and meaningful career as long as they positively adapt to the various transitional periods and changes encountered, potentially creating multiple career pathways. Furthermore, research has expanded to additional sport performers, including coaches and referees. Finally, the lives of sport performers have tremendously changed in the past decade as a result of the globalization process, social media, and migration, requiring career researchers to modify existing conceptualizations. This chapter, therefore, provides a critical examination of the recent developments in the career transition and change literature, mainly focusing on critical questions to be asked and a prospective view of this field.

Contested Country

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Robinson ◽  
Bruce Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Natural Resources Management ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
The Past

In Contested Country, leading researchers in planning, geography, environmental studies and public policy critically review Australia's environmental management under the auspices of the Natural Heritage Trust over the past decade, and identify the challenges that must be met in the national quest for sustainability. It is the first comprehensive, critical examination of the local and regional natural resources management undertaken in Australia, using research sourced from all states as well as the Northern Territory. It addresses questions such as: How is accountability to be maintained? Who is included and who is excluded in decentralised environmental governance? Does the scale of bottom-up management efforts match the scale of environmental problems? How is scientific and technical fidelity in environmental management to be maintained when significant activities are devolved to and controlled by local communities? The book challenges some of the accepted benefits, assumptions and ideologies underpinning regional scaled environmental management, and is a must-read for anyone interested in this field.

Evolution, science and the study of literature: A critical response

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Methodological Pluralism ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Critical Response ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Approach

This article offers a critical response to the proposal made by Jonathan Gottschall (2008), and discussed sympathetically in a review article for this journal (Francis 2010), for a more ‘scientific’ approach to the study of literature. A critical examination of evolutionary psychology, the particular scientific approach which underpins Gottschall’s own work on folk tales, is followed by a broader consideration of what ‘scientific’ might mean in relation to literature, asking how far it is either possible or desirable to apply the methods and evaluative metrics of science in other areas of scholarly endeavour. It is argued that there are good reasons for linguists and literary scholars to maintain the theoretical and methodological pluralism that has characterized their fields in the past

Deducing the role of eolian dust sedimentation during soil forming periods on mineral magnetic records and its implications for paleoclimate reconstructions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Jordanova ◽  
Neli Jordanova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Magnetic Characteristics ◽  
Magnetic Fraction ◽  
Maximum Enhancement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Terrestrial Environments

<p>Obtaining reliable global and regional records of the past climatic changes during the glacial Pleistocene is of prime importance for building up consistent climate models of the near and far future. Magnetic signature along sequences of alternating loess and (paleo)soil units from the terrestrial environments is considered as semi-continuous record of climate change in the geological past. However, soil formation in aeolian landscapes may occur under different and changing conditions of dust sedimentation. Viewing from this standpoint the depth variations of several rock magnetic characteristics along profiles of Holocene soils from low Danube area allowed us to establish a set of criteria for identification of the past regimes of aeolian sedimentation persisted during the soil forming periods. A conceptual model for the time evolution of the grain size of the pedogenic magnetic fraction  with soil depth is proposed,  which is build upon  the mechanism of soil formation – accretional or  stable land surfaces,  or a combination of the two. According to the proposed conceptual model, discrimination between accretional soils and soils developed without dust additions during soil forming period can be done. Accretional soils are characterized by parallel changes in grain size sensitive magnetic proxies. Soils, developed at stable landscape conditions show gradation of the depths at which maximum enhancement of various proxies occurs with deepest occurrence of the maximum in frequency dependent magnetic susceptibility, followed by depth of maximum anhysteretic susceptibility and the normalized anhysteretic to isothermal remanence acquired at 100mT field. It is shown that the mean coercivity of the pedogenic component of accretional soils is higher than that of soils developed without eolian input at equal temperature conditions because of the soils’ thermal gradient and different depths, at which pedogenic minerals form in the two settings.</p>

Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Ovarian Cancer: Overview and Perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 2867-2872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam Rao ◽  
Marta Crispens ◽  
Mace L. Rothenberg
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Drug Distribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Systemic Absorption ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
The Past ◽  
Phase Iii Trials ◽  
Large Phase

Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy has theoretical, pharmacologic, and clinical advantages over intravenous (IV) chemotherapy in women with optimally debulked epithelial ovarian cancer confined to the abdominal cavity. Consistent, statistically significant improvements in both progression-free and overall survival have been demonstrated in three large phase III trials conducted in the United States during the past 10 years. Nevertheless, concerns over IP drug distribution and systemic absorption, technical challenges of IP catheter placement and the incidence of IP catheter-related complications, and the clinical relevance of these studies have limited the adoption of IP therapy in ovarian cancer. Current interest in the evaluation of molecularly targeted therapies should build on the progress that has been made through the use of IP chemotherapy in women with optimally debulked ovarian cancer.

A conceptual model of new hypothesis on the evolution of biodiversity

Biologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Cazzolla Gatti
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
The Past ◽  
Graphic Model ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Evolutionary Science ◽  
Biological History ◽  
New Hypothesis

AbstractThe mechanisms that allow species to evolve, coexist, compete, cooperate or become extinct are becoming always more understood. At the same time, the factors that allow species to coexist in a given time within the same environment are still debated. Many theories and hypotheses suggest that competition tends to differentiate the ecological requirements after repeated interactions and to allow the presence of many different species in the same area (i.e. biodiversity). After all, a thorough understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of biodiversity, which could somehow explain the current distribution patterns and mechanisms of coexistence, must consider the biogeographic and phylogenetic approaches. Here I propose a new graphic model that reviews the past and present, and sometimes debated, trends in biodiversity and evolutionary science, pointing out the importance of the avoidance of competition, the biological history, the

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