Continuous hard chromium plating

Erkii Muttilainen; Tapio Korpi

doi:10.1108/eb007251

Development of Ni-W alloy plating as a substitution of hard chromium plating

Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan ◽

10.14723/tmrsj.41.35 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 35-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Sojiro Kirihara ◽

Yashushi Umeda ◽

Katsuhiko Tashiro ◽

Hideo Honma ◽

Osamu Takai

Keyword(s):

Hard Chromium ◽

Chromium Plating ◽

Alloy Plating

Download Full-text

Aspects of Applying Hard Chromium Coatings on the Inner Surfaces of Components for Hydraulic Drives with Hydrostatic Guideways

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.316.827 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 316 ◽

pp. 827-832

Author(s):

D. V. Ardashev ◽

L.V. Shipulin ◽

A.S. Degtyareva-Kashutina

Keyword(s):

Hydraulic Cylinder ◽

Chromium Coating ◽

Optimal Composition ◽

Chromic Anhydride ◽

Corrosion Resistant ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Wear Resistant Coatings ◽

Hard Chromium ◽

Chromium Plating ◽

Plating Method

We considered the processes of chromium plating the inner surfaces of the components of cylinders with hydrostatic guideways. We demonstrated the various aspects of the chromium plating process – the limitations placed on the machinery depending on the dimensions of the parts to be plated and the unevenness of the deposition rate of chromium along the length of the part. We developed a diagram of an installation for the application of a hard chromium coating on inner surfaces, which includes a cathode, an anode, a tank, and a pipeline. The distinctive features of the installation are the method of supplying the electrolyte at an angle to the horizontal, which allows us to supply the electrolyte through a turbulent flow swirling along a helical path, and the use of a chromium-plated installation casing. We studied various modes for applying a hard chromium coating on the inner surfaces of a hydraulic cylinder. As a result, we determined the optimal composition of the chromium electrolyte – the ratio of chromic anhydride and sulfuric acid – which is 10:1, respectively, and experimentally selected deposition modes. Chromium coatings obtained through the use of the concentrated electrolyte, which we developed, and the chromium plating method have 5...20% greater hardness and a 10...30-times reduction in porosity with the formation of a shiny, lumpy sludge, which corresponds to corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coatings needed to manufacture hydraulic drives with highly efficient hydrostatic guideways.

Download Full-text

Effect of Abrasive Tools in Galvanomechanical Treatment on the Roughness of the Deposited Chromium Layer

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.284.1178 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 284 ◽

pp. 1178-1183 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D.A. Zherebtcov ◽

Oksana N. Gruba ◽

K.R. Smolyakova

Keyword(s):

Experimental Studies ◽

The Body ◽

Abrasive Tool ◽

Chromium Layer ◽

Pressing Force ◽

Hard Chromium ◽

Chromium Plating ◽

Cylindrical Parts ◽

Abrasive Tools

The article deals with the method of obtaining a hard chromium coating on details of the "body of rotation" type with the use of an abrasive tool. The influence of the composition and hardness of the elastic abrasive tool on the results of galvanomechanical chromium plating of rotating cylindrical parts has been studied. Binder compositions for an abrasive tool used to improve the roughness of the deposited chromium layer have been developed. A series of experimental studies has been carried out with chromium plating of steel cylindrical parts with simultaneous abrasive processing. Beforehand, an abrasive tool with previously developed binder formulations was manufactured. The obtained results of the influence of the characteristics of the abrasive tool and its pressing force on the chromium-plated part on the quality of the precipitated chromium made it possible to determine the optimum modes for obtaining a coating of the required thickness. Also, a suitable abrasive tool has been chosen to obtain a coating of proper quality.

Download Full-text

Alternatives for hard chromium plating: Nanostructured coatings for severe-service valves

Materials Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.1016/j.matchemphys.2013.03.065 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 140 (2-3) ◽

pp. 522-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

L. Vernhes ◽

M. Azzi ◽

J.E. Klemberg-Sapieha

Keyword(s):

Nanostructured Coatings ◽

Hard Chromium ◽

Chromium Plating

Download Full-text

A Hybrid Predictive Approach for Chromium Layer Thickness in the Hard Chromium Plating Process Based on the Differential Evolution/Gradient Boosted Regression Tree Methodology

Mathematics ◽

10.3390/math8060959 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 959

Author(s):

Paulino José Garcia Nieto ◽

Esperanza García Gonzalo ◽

Fernando Sanchez Lasheras ◽

Antonio Bernardo Sánchez

Keyword(s):

Differential Evolution ◽

Layer Thickness ◽

Optimization Technique ◽

Regression Tree ◽

Industrial Process ◽

Metallic Surface ◽

Chromium Layer ◽

Boosted Regression Tree ◽

Hard Chromium ◽

Chromium Plating

The purpose of the industrial process of chromium plating is the creation of a hard and wear-resistant layer of chromium over a metallic surface. One of the main properties of chromium plating is its resistance to both wear and corrosion. This research presents an innovative nonparametric machine learning approach that makes use of a hybrid gradient boosted regression tree (GBRT) methodology for hard chromium layer thickness prediction. GBRT is a non-parametric statistical learning technique that produces a prediction model in the form of an ensemble of weak prediction models. The motivation for boosting is a procedure that combines the output of many weak classifiers to produce a powerful committee. In this study, the GBRT hyperparameters were optimized with the help of differential evolution (DE). DE is an optimization technique within evolutionary computing. The results found that this model was able to predict the thickness of the chromium layer formed in this industrial process with a determination coefficient equal to 0.9842 and a root-mean-square error value of 0.01590. The two most important variables of the model were the time of the hard-chromium process and the thickness of the layer removed by electropolishing. Thus, these results provide a foundation for an accurate predictive model of hard chromium layer thickness. The derived model also allowed the ranking of the importance of the independent input variables that were examined. Finally, the high performance and simplicity of the model make the DE/GBRT method attractive compared to conventional forecasting techniques.

Download Full-text