scholarly journals Comparative Profiling Examines Roles of DNA Regulatory Sequences and Accessible Chromatin during Cold Stress Response in Grasses

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 2451-2452
Author(s):  
Sunil K. Kenchanmane Raju
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Dna Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Accessible Chromatin

GRAS-domain transcription factor PAT1 regulates jasmonic acid biosynthesis in grape cold stress response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zemin Wang ◽  
Darren Chern Jan Wong ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Guangzhao Xu ◽  
Chong Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Vitis Amurensis ◽  
Mobility Shift

Abstract Cultivated grapevine (Vitis) is a highly valued horticultural crop, and cold stress affects its growth and productivity. Wild Amur grape (Vitis amurensis) PAT1 (Phytochrome A signal transduction 1, VaPAT1) is induced by low temperature, and ectopic expression of VaPAT1 enhances cold tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of VaPAT1 during the cold stress response in grapevine. Here, we confirmed the overexpression of VaPAT1 in transformed grape calli enhanced cold tolerance. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays highlighted an interaction between VaPAT1 with INDETERMINATE-DOMAIN 3 (VaIDD3). A role of VaIDD3 in cold tolerance was also indicated. Transcriptome analysis revealed VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 overexpression and cold treatment coordinately modulate the expression of stress-related genes including lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3), a gene encoding a key jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme. Co-expression network analysis indicated LOX3 might be a downstream target of VaPAT1. Both electrophoretic mobility shift and dual luciferase reporter assays showed the VaPAT1-IDD3 complex binds to the IDD-box (AGACAAA) in the VaLOX3 promoter to activate its expression. Overexpression of both VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 increased the transcription of VaLOX3 and JA levels in transgenic grape calli. Conversely, VaPAT1-SRDX (dominant repression) and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of PAT1-ED causing the loss of the C-terminus in grape calli dramatically prohibited the accumulation of VaLOX3 and JA levels during cold treatment. Together, these findings point to a pivotal role of VaPAT1 in the cold stress response in grape by regulating JA biosynthesis.

Acute cold stress in rheumatoid arthritis inadequately activates stress responses and induces an increase of interleukin 6

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Straub ◽  
G Pongratz ◽  
H Hirvonen ◽  
T Pohjolainen ◽  
M Mikkelsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cold Therapy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sympathetic Stress

Objective:Acute stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) should stimulate a strong stress response. After cryotherapy, we expected to observe an increase of hormones of the adrenal gland and the sympathetic nervous system.Methods:A total of 55 patients with RA were recruited for whole-body cryotherapy at −110°C and −60°C, and local cold therapy between −20°C and −30°C for 7 days. We measured plasma levels of steroid hormones, neuropeptide Y (sympathetic marker), and interleukin (IL)6 daily before and after cryotherapy.Results:In both therapy groups with/without glucocorticoids (GC), hormone and IL6 levels at baseline and 5 h after cold stress did not change over 7 days of cryotherapy. In patients without GC, plasma levels of cortisol and androstenedione were highest after −110°C cold stress followed by −60°C or local cold stress. The opposite was found in patients under GC therapy, in whom, unexpectedly, −110°C cold stress elicited the smallest responses. In patients without GC, adrenal cortisol production increased relative to other adrenal steroids, and again the opposite was seen under GC therapy with a loss of cortisol and an increase of dehydroepiandrosterone. Importantly, there was no sympathetic stress response in both groups. Patients without GC and −110°C cold stress demonstrated higher plasma IL6 compared to the other treatment groups (not observed under GC), but they showed the best clinical response.Conclusions:We detected an inadequate stress response in patients with GC. It is further shown that the sympathetic stress response was inadequate in patients with/without GC. Paradoxically, plasma levels of IL6 increased under strong cold stress in patients without GC. These findings confirm dysfunctional stress axes in RA.

scholarly journals Alternative Oxidase Involvement in Cold Stress Response of Arabidopsis thaliana fad2 and FAD3+ Cell Suspensions Altered in Membrane Lipid Composition

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 856-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Matos ◽  
Cécile Hourton-Cabassa ◽  
Dominique Ciçek ◽  
Nathalie Rezé ◽  
Joao Daniel Arrabaça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the WRKY Gene Family and Cold Stress Response in Acer truncatum

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1867
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Jiatong Wei ◽  
Kewei Cai ◽  
Hongzhi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Wrky Gene ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factors ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Genome Wide

WRKY transcription factors constitute one of the largest gene families in plants and are involved in many biological processes, including growth and development, physiological metabolism, and the stress response. In earlier studies, the WRKY gene family of proteins has been extensively studied and analyzed in many plant species. However, information on WRKY transcription factors in Acer truncatum has not been reported. In this study, we conducted genome-wide identification and analysis of the WRKY gene family in A. truncatum, 54 WRKY genes were unevenly located on all 13 chromosomes of A. truncatum, the highest number was found in chromosomes 5. Phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, and conserved motif identification were constructed, and the results affirmed 54 AtruWRKY genes were divided into nine subgroup groups. Tissue species analysis of AtruWRKY genes revealed which were differently exhibited upregulation in flower, leaf, root, seed and stem, and the upregulation number were 23, 14, 34, 18, and 8, respectively. In addition, the WRKY genes expression in leaf under cold stress showed that more genes were significantly expressed under 0, 6 and 12 h cold stress. The results of this study provide a new insight the regulatory function of WRKY genes under abiotic and biotic stresses.

scholarly journals SAT-601 Development of a Protocol for Stellate and Celiac Ganglia Dissection for Characterization of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) Protein and Receptor Expression in Male and Female Mice Following Cold Acclimation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parleen K Pandher ◽  
Ekaterina Filatov ◽  
Sarah L Gray
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Pacap Receptors

Abstract Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is being studied to understand the endocrine regulation of energy balance and has been shown to be important in the regulation of the stress response (1,2). Specifically, PACAP has been shown to regulate thermogenesis, an energy burning process regulated by the sympathetic nervous system that contributes to achieving energy homeostasis in response to cold stress and overfeeding. PACAP is expressed in the sympathetic nervous system and is required at the adrenomedullary synapse to maintain epinephrine secretion from the adrenal medulla in response to physiological stress (3). Across the branches of the sympathetic nervous system, PACAP receptor expression is most well characterized in the superior cervical ganglia (SCG) (4). However, a detailed characterization of PACAP and its receptors has not been performed in ganglia whose postganglionic fibres innervate adipose tissues (stellate and celiac ganglia) in response to thermogenic stress. We hypothesized that PACAP is produced by preganglionic neurons innervating the stellate and celiac ganglia, and act on PACAP receptors expressed on the post-ganglionic neurons, and this expression will be upregulated in response to chronic cold stress. Due to their small and amorphous shape, we have developed a protocol to reliably isolate the stellate and celiac ganglia and validate their identity through the presence of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA, using adrenal and SCG samples as positive controls. PACAP receptor expression (VPAC1, VPAC2, PAC1) was examined in the ganglia utilizing real-time PCR, and PACAP protein was visualized in the ganglia of transgenic mice that express eGFP under the control of the PACAP promoter (PACAP-eGFP mice) (5). This research demonstrates the expression of PACAP receptors in ganglia whose postganglionic fibres innervate adipose tissue, enhancing our understanding of PACAP’s role in the SNS, and its contribution to the regulation of adaptive thermogenesis. References: (1) Gray et al., Pacap: Regulator of the stress response. In: Fink G, ed. Stress: Physiology, biochemistry, and pathology. 2019:279-291. (2) Mustafa, Adv Pharmacol. San Diego, Calif:445-457. (3) Eiden et al., Pflungers Arch. 2018 Jan;470(1):79-88. (4) Braas et al., J Biol Chem. 1999 Sep 24;274(39):27702-27710. (5) Condro et al., J Comp Neurol. 2016 Dec 15; 524(18):3827-3848.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification of accessible chromatin regions in bumblebee by ATAC-seq

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Zhao ◽  
Long Su ◽  
Weilin Xu ◽  
Sarah Schaack ◽  
Cheng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
Accessible Chromatin

Abstract Bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) are important pollinating insects that play pivotal roles in crop production and natural ecosystem services. Although protein-coding genes in bumblebees have been extensively annotated, regulatory sequences of the genome, such as promoters and enhancers, have been poorly annotated. To achieve a comprehensive profile of accessible chromatin regions and provide clues for all possible regulatory elements in the bumblebee genome, we performed ATAC-seq (Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing) on Bombus terrestris samples derived from four developmental stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult, respectively. The ATAC-seq reads were mapped to the B. terrestris reference genome, and its accessible chromatin regions were identified and characterized using bioinformatic methods. We identified 36,390 chromatin accessible regions in total, including both shared and stage-specific chromatin accessible signals. Our study will provide an important resource, not only for uncovering regulatory elements in the bumblebee genome, but also for expanding our understanding of bumblebee biology throughout development.

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