scholarly journals Hierarchical Transcription Factor and Chromatin Binding Network for Wood Formation in Populus trichocarpa

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Jack P. Wang ◽  
Huizi Liu ◽  
Huiyu Li ◽  
Ying-Chung Jimmy Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Chromatin Binding

The R2R3 MYB transcription factor MYB189 negatively regulates secondary cell wall biosynthesis in Populus

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1187-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Jiao ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Wanxiang Lu ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Keming Luo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Secondary Wall ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Myb Transcription Factor ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Xylem Fibers ◽  
R2r3 Myb

Abstract Secondary cell wall (SCW) biosynthesis during wood formation in trees is controlled by a multilevel regulatory network that coordinates the expression of substantial genes. However, few transcription factors involved in the negative regulation of secondary wall biosynthesis have been characterized in tree species. In this study, we isolated an R2R3 MYB transcription factor MYB189 from Populus trichocarpa, which is expressed predominantly in secondary vascular tissues, especially in the xylem. A novel repression motif was identified in the C-terminal region of MYB189, which indicates this factor was a transcriptional repressor. Overexpression (OE) of MYB189 in Arabidopsis and poplar resulted in a significant reduction in the contents of lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses. Vascular development in stems of MYB189 OE lines was markedly inhibited, leading to a dramatic decrease in SCW thickness of xylem fibers. Gene expression analyses showed that most of the structural genes involved in the biosynthesis of lignin, cellulose and xylans were significantly downregulated in MYB189-overexpressing poplars compared with the wild-type control. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and transient expression assays revealed that MYB189 could directly bind to the promoters of secondary wall biosynthetic genes to repress their expression. Together, these data suggest that MYB189 acts as a repressor to regulate SCW biosynthesis in poplar.

scholarly journals Functional Characterisation of the Poplar Atypical Aspartic Protease Gene PtAP66 in Wood Secondary Cell Wall Deposition

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1002
Author(s):  
Shenquan Cao ◽  
Cong Wang ◽  
Huanhuan Ji ◽  
Mengjie Guo ◽  
Jiyao Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Protease Gene ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Transcription Analysis ◽  
Functional Characterisation

Secondary cell wall (SCW) deposition is an important process during wood formation. Although aspartic proteases (APs) have been reported to have regulatory roles in herbaceous plants, the involvement of atypical APs in SCW deposition in trees has not been reported. In this study, we characterised the Populus trichocarpa atypical AP gene PtAP66, which is involved in wood SCW deposition. Transcriptome data from the AspWood resource showed that in the secondary xylem of P. trichocarpa, PtAP66 transcripts increased from the vascular cambium to the xylem cell expansion region and maintained high levels in the SCW formation region. Fluorescent signals from transgenic Arabidopsis plant roots and transiently transformed P. trichocarpa leaf protoplasts strongly suggested that the PtAP66-fused fluorescent protein (PtAP66-GFP or PtAP66-YFP) localised in the plasma membrane. Compared with the wild-type plants, the Cas9/gRNA-induced PtAP66 mutants exhibited reduced SCW thickness of secondary xylem fibres, as suggested by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data. In addition, wood composition assays revealed that the cellulose content in the mutants decreased by 4.90–5.57%. Transcription analysis further showed that a loss of PtAP66 downregulated the expression of several SCW synthesis-related genes, including cellulose and hemicellulose synthesis enzyme-encoding genes. Altogether, these findings indicate that atypical PtAP66 plays an important role in SCW deposition during wood formation.

scholarly journals Involvement of CesA4, CesA7-A/B and CesA8-A/B in secondary wall formation in Populus trichocarpa wood

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manzar Abbas ◽  
Ilona Peszlen ◽  
Rui Shi ◽  
Hoon Kim ◽  
Rui Katahira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Secondary Wall ◽  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Fiber Cell ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Wall Formation

Abstract Cellulose synthase A genes (CesAs) are responsible for cellulose biosynthesis in plant cell walls. In this study, functions of secondary wall cellulose synthases PtrCesA4, PtrCesA7-A/B and PtrCesA8-A/B were characterized during wood formation in Populus trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray). CesA RNAi knockdown transgenic plants exhibited stunted growth, narrow leaves, early necrosis, reduced stature, collapsed vessels, thinner fiber cell walls and extended fiber lumen diameters. In the RNAi knockdown transgenics, stems exhibited reduced mechanical strength, with reduced modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE). The reduced mechanical strength may be due to thinner fiber cell walls. Vessels in the xylem of the transgenics were collapsed, indicating that water transport in xylem may be affected and thus causing early necrosis in leaves. A dramatic decrease in cellulose content was observed in the RNAi knockdown transgenics. Compared with wildtype, the cellulose content was significantly decreased in the PtrCesA4, PtrCesA7 and PtrCesA8 RNAi knockdown transgenics. As a result, lignin and xylem contents were proportionally increased. The wood composition changes were confirmed by solid-state NMR, two-dimensional solution-state NMR and sum-frequency-generation vibration (SFG) analyses. Both solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and SFG analyses demonstrated that knockdown of PtrCesAs did not affect cellulose crystallinity index. Our results provided the evidence for the involvement of PtrCesA4, PtrCesA7-A/B and PtrCesA8-A/B in secondary cell wall formation in wood and demonstrated the pleiotropic effects of their perturbations on wood formation.

scholarly journals TheEucalyptuslinker histone variant EgH1.3 cooperates with the transcription factor EgMYB1 to control lignin biosynthesis during wood formation

2016 ◽  
Vol 213 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marçal Soler ◽  
Anna Plasencia ◽  
Romain Larbat ◽  
Cécile Pouzet ◽  
Alain Jauneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Histone Variant

scholarly journals DIVARICATA AND RADIALIS INTERACTING FACTOR (DRIF) also interacts with WOX and KNOX proteins associated with wood formation in Populus trichocarpa

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Earl Petzold ◽  
Bidisha Chanda ◽  
Chengsong Zhao ◽  
Stephen B. Rigoulot ◽  
Eric P. Beers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Knox Proteins

Clone and Analysis of Secondary Xylem Cellulose Synthase Gene Fragment from Populus ussuriensis

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1908-1913
Author(s):  
Jiang Tao Shi ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Yi Xing Liu ◽  
Lei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Cellulose Synthase Gene ◽  
Populus Ussuriensis ◽  
Close Genetic Relationship

wood is the most abundant renewable resource and environmentally friendly energy source on the earth, it not only provides industrial raw materials for economic and social sustainable development, meanwhile, the biological process of wood formation which is mainly to sink the excessive carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can also play an active role in reducing “greenhouse effect”, so it is the contributor of green environment and human heath. Therefore, it is of great importance to explore the biosynthesis process and the wood formation mechanism of woods cellulose. This study adopted RT-PCR to clone gene fragments from the total RNA of populus ussuriensis secondary xylem, through sequence analysis, we found that its size was 487bp, which was named as PusC1，by means of blast comparative analysis, we found that the gene sequence similarity of this fragment and Populus trichocarpa cellulose synthase (XM 002305024.1) reached 94%, and its gene sequence similarity with Populus tremuloides PtrCesA1 and Populus tremula × Populus tremuloides xylem specificity cellulose synthase genes (AY573574.1) sequence could also reach 92%. Therefore, it is inferred to be populus ussuriensis xylem specificity cellulose synthase gene fragment. Through sequence similarity, we can also infer that populus ussuriensis has a close genetic relationship with Populus trichocarpa and belongs to cathay poplar species; while Populus tremuloides belongs to white poplar species and has a close genetic relationship with populus ussuriensis.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic, Expression, and Bioinformatic Analysis of theABC1Gene Family inPopulus trichocarpa

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanchao Wang ◽  
Haizhen Zhang ◽  
Jingli Yang ◽  
Yunlin Chen ◽  
Xuemei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Cellulose Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Aba Signal Transduction ◽  
Almost All

We studied 17ABC1genes inPopulus trichocarpa, all of which contained anABC1domain consisting of about 120 amino acid residues. Most of theABC1gene products were located in the mitochondria or chloroplasts. All had a conserved VAVK-like motif and a DFG motif. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the genes into three subgroups. In addition, the chromosomal locations of the genes on the 19Populuschromosomes were determined. Gene structure was studied through exon/intron organization and the MEME motif finder, while heatmap was used to study the expression diversity using EST libraries. According to the heatmap,PtrABC1P14was highlighted because of the high expression in tension wood which related to secondary cell wall formation and cellulose synthesis, thus making a contribution to follow-up experiment in wood formation. Promotercis-element analysis indicated that almost all of theABC1genes contained one or twocis-elements related to ABA signal transduction pathway and drought stress. Quantitative real-time PCR was carried out to evaluate the expression of all of the genes under abiotic stress conditions (ABA, CdCl2, high temperature, high salinity, and drought); the results showed that some of the genes were affected by these stresses and confirmed the results of promotercis-element analysis.

scholarly journals Identification of new protein–protein and protein–DNA interactions linked with wood formation in Populus trichocarpa

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Earl Petzold ◽  
Stephen B Rigoulot ◽  
Chengsong Zhao ◽  
Bidisha Chanda ◽  
Xiaoyan Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Dna Interactions ◽  
Protein Dna Interactions ◽  
New Protein
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