scholarly journals Complementary Activities of TELOMERE REPEAT BINDING Proteins and Polycomb Group Complexes in Transcriptional Regulation of Target Genes

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhou ◽  
Benjamin Hartwig ◽  
Geo Velikkakam James ◽  
Korbinian Schneeberger ◽  
Franziska Turck
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Polycomb Group ◽  
Telomere Repeat ◽  
Polycomb Group Complexes

scholarly journals Differential Contributions of DNA-Binding Proteins to Polycomb Response Element Activity at the Drosophila giant Gene

Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 214 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-634
Author(s):  
Elnaz Ghotbi ◽  
Kristina Lackey ◽  
Vicki Wong ◽  
Katie T. Thompson ◽  
Evan G. Caston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Transcriptional Repression ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Dna Binding Proteins ◽  
Polycomb Group ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Element Activity

Polycomb-group (PcG) proteins are evolutionarily conserved epigenetic regulators whose primary function is to maintain the transcriptional repression of target genes. Recruitment of Drosophila melanogaster PcG proteins to target genes requires the presence of one or more Polycomb Response Elements (PREs). The functions or necessity for more than one PRE at a gene are not clear and individual PREs at some loci may have distinct regulatory roles. Various combinations of sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins are present at a given PRE, but only Pleiohomeotic (Pho) is present at all strong PREs. The giant (gt) locus has two PREs, a proximal PRE1 and a distal PRE2. During early embryonic development, Pho binds to PRE1 ∼30-min prior to stable binding to PRE2. This observation indicated a possible dependence of PRE2 on PRE1 for PcG recruitment; however, we find here that PRE2 recruits PcG proteins and maintains transcriptional repression independently of Pho binding to PRE1. Pho-like (Phol) is partially redundant with Pho during larval development and binds to the same DNA sequences in vitro. Although binding of Pho to PRE1 is dependent on the presence of consensus Pho-Phol-binding sites, Phol binding is less so and appears to play a minimal role in recruiting other PcG proteins to gt. Another PRE-binding protein, Sp1/Kruppel-like factor, is dependent on the presence of Pho for PRE1 binding. Further, we show that, in addition to silencing gene expression, PcG proteins dampen transcription of an active gene.

scholarly journals Different Polycomb group complexes regulate common target genes in Arabidopsis

EMBO Reports ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 947-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigory Makarevich ◽  
Olivier Leroy ◽  
Umut Akinci ◽  
Daniel Schubert ◽  
Oliver Clarenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Polycomb Group ◽  
Polycomb Group Complexes ◽  
Common Target

scholarly journals Characterization of an antagonistic switch between histone H3 lysine 27 methylation and acetylation in the transcriptional regulation of Polycomb group target genes

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (15) ◽  
pp. 4958-4969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Pasini ◽  
Martina Malatesta ◽  
Hye Ryung Jung ◽  
Julian Walfridsson ◽  
Anton Willer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Polycomb Group ◽  
Group Target

white+ Transgene Insertions Presenting a Dorsal/Ventral Pattern Define a Single Cluster of Homeobox Genes That Is Silenced by the Polycomb-group Proteins in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Netter ◽  
Marie-Odile Fauvarque ◽  
Ruth Diez del Corral ◽  
Jean-Maurice Dura ◽  
Dario Coen
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Structure ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Position Effect ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Polycomb Group ◽  
Position Effect Variegation ◽  
Trithorax Group ◽  
Clear Cut

AbstractWe used the white gene as an enhancer trap and reporter of chromatin structure. We collected white+ transgene insertions presenting a peculiar pigmentation pattern in the eye: white expression is restricted to the dorsal half of the eye, with a clear-cut dorsal/ventral (D/V) border. This D/V pattern is stable and heritable, indicating that phenotypic expression of the white reporter reflects positional information in the developing eye. Localization of these transgenes led us to identify a unique genomic region encompassing 140 kb in 69D1–3 subject to this D/V effect. This region contains at least three closely related homeobox-containing genes that are constituents of the iroquois complex (IRO-C). IRO-C genes are coordinately regulated and implicated in similar developmental processes. Expression of these genes in the eye is regulated by the products of the Polycomb -group (Pc-G) and trithorax-group (trx-G) genes but is not modified by classical modifiers of position-effect variegation. Our results, together with the report of a Pc -G binding site in 69D, suggest that we have identified a novel cluster of target genes for the Pc-G and trx-G products. We thus propose that ventral silencing of the whole IRO-C in the eye occurs at the level of chromatin structure in a manner similar to that of the homeotic gene complexes, perhaps by local compaction of the region into a heterochromatin-like structure involving the Pc-G products.

scholarly journals Roles of XBP1s in Transcriptional Regulation of Target Genes

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Sung-Min Park ◽  
Tae-Il Kang ◽  
Jae-Seon So
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Autoimmune And Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Active Transcription ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
The Unfolded Protein Response

The spliced form of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s) is an active transcription factor that plays a vital role in the unfolded protein response (UPR). Under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, unspliced Xbp1 mRNA is cleaved by the activated stress sensor IRE1α and converted to the mature form encoding spliced XBP1 (XBP1s). Translated XBP1s migrates to the nucleus and regulates the transcriptional programs of UPR target genes encoding ER molecular chaperones, folding enzymes, and ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) components to decrease ER stress. Moreover, studies have shown that XBP1s regulates the transcription of diverse genes that are involved in lipid and glucose metabolism and immune responses. Therefore, XBP1s has been considered an important therapeutic target in studying various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. XBP1s is involved in several unique mechanisms to regulate the transcription of different target genes by interacting with other proteins to modulate their activity. Although recent studies discovered numerous target genes of XBP1s via genome-wide analyses, how XBP1s regulates their transcription remains unclear. This review discusses the roles of XBP1s in target genes transcriptional regulation. More in-depth knowledge of XBP1s target genes and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in the future will help develop new therapeutic targets for each disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document