scholarly journals The MADS29 Transcription Factor Regulates the Degradation of the Nucellus and the Nucellar Projection during Rice Seed Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 1049-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin-Lin Yin ◽  
Hong-Wei Xue
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Nucellar Projection

scholarly journals Leaf-derived ABA regulates rice seed development via a transporter-mediated and temperature-sensitive mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. eabc8873
Author(s):  
Peng Qin ◽  
Guohua Zhang ◽  
Binhua Hu ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Weilan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Starch Synthesis ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Mechanistic Basis

Long-distance transport of the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) has been studied for ~50 years, yet its mechanistic basis and biological significance remain very poorly understood. Here, we show that leaf-derived ABA controls rice seed development in a temperature-dependent manner and is regulated by defective grain-filling 1 (DG1), a multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporter that effluxes ABA at nodes and rachilla. Specifically, ABA is biosynthesized in both WT and dg1 leaves, but only WT caryopses accumulate leaf-derived ABA. Our demonstration that leaf-derived ABA activates starch synthesis genes explains the incompletely filled and floury seed phenotypes in dg1. Both the DG1-mediated long-distance ABA transport efficiency and grain-filling phenotypes are temperature sensitive. Moreover, we extended these mechanistic insights to other cereals by observing similar grain-filling defects in a maize DG1 ortholog mutant. Our study demonstrates that rice uses a leaf-to-caryopsis ABA transport–based mechanism to ensure normal seed development in response to variable temperatures.

scholarly journals The APETALA2-Like Transcription Factor SUPERNUMERARY BRACT Controls Rice Seed Shattering and Seed Size

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyun Jiang ◽  
Xin Ma ◽  
Shuangshuang Zhao ◽  
Yanyan Tang ◽  
Fengxia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Seed Shattering

scholarly journals HvMCB1, a R1MYB transcription factor from barley with antagonistic regulatory functions during seed development and germination

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Rubio-Somoza ◽  
Manuel Martinez ◽  
Isabel Diaz ◽  
Pilar Carbonero
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Regulatory Functions

scholarly journals Differential expression profiles of anthocyanidin biosynthesis gene during black rice seed development

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Yeon Bok Kim ◽  
Ramaraj Sathasivam ◽  
Soo-Un Kim ◽  
Sang Un Park
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Absolute Level ◽  
Anthocyanin Production

The black rice (Oryza sativa cv. Heugjinju) is rich in anthocyanins which is beneficial to human health. To correlate the biosynthesis of the pigments with relevant genes, the mRNA level of genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis was monitored by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) during seed development of black rice. The mRNA level of F3’H, DFR, and ANS, key enzymes in anthocyanidin biosynthesis, peaked at 10 days after flowering. In general, the absolute level of ANS was approximately one order higher than F3’H, F3’5’H, and DFR in 10 days after flowering. The transcript level of major seed protein gene GluA-3, taken as reference, was also at the highest on the 10 days after flowering. However, the level of CHS isogenes was highest at 15 or 20 days after flowering. The highest transcript level of the genes, except CHS, preceded the highest anthocyanidin content by 5 days. This pattern coincided with an increase of anthocyanin content between 10 and 15 days after flowering. From these findings, it is suggested that particular CHS isoforms might be responsible for the anthocyanin production in black rice.

scholarly journals Gene expression profiling reveals subgenome dominance during Brassica napus seed development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre Khan ◽  
Dylan J. Ziegler ◽  
Jenna L. Kalichuk ◽  
Vanessa Hoi ◽  
Nina Hyunh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Transcriptional Networks

AbstractWe profiled the gene regulatory landscape of Brassica napus reproductive development using RNA sequencing. Comparative analysis of this nascent amphidiploid across the plant lifecycle revealed the contribution of each subgenome to plant reproduction. Global mRNA profiling revealed lower accumulation of Cn subgenome transcripts relative to the An subgenome. Subgenome-specific transcriptional networks identified distinct transcription factor families enriched in each of the An and Cn subgenome early in seed development. Global gene expression profiling of laser-microdissected seed subregions further reveal subgenome expression dynamics in the embryo, endosperm, and seed coat of early stage seeds. Transcription factors predicted to be regulators encoded by the An subgenome are expressed primarily in the seed coat whereas regulators encoded by the Cn subgenome were expressed primarily in the embryo. Data suggest subgenome bias are characteristic features of the B. napus seed throughout development, and that such bias might not be universal across the embryo, endosperm, and seed coat of the developing seed. Whole genome transcription factor networks identified BZIP11 as a transcriptional regulator of early B. napus seed development. Knockdown of BZIP11 using RNA interference resulted in a similar reduction in gene activity of predicted gene targets, and a reproductive-lethal phenotype. Taken together, transcriptional networks spanning both the An and Cn genomes of the B. napus seed can identify valuable targets for seed development research and that-omics level approaches to studying gene regulation in B. napus can benefit from both broad and high-resolution analyses.One Sentence SummaryGlobal RNA sequencing coupled with laser microdissection provides a critical resource to study subgenome bias in whole seeds and specific tissues of polyploid plants.

scholarly journals Seed Genome Hypomethylated Regions Are Enriched In Transcription Factor Genes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Chen ◽  
Jer-Young Lin ◽  
Jungim Hur ◽  
Julie M. Pelletier ◽  
Russell Baden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Epigenetic Events ◽  
Transcription Factor Genes

AbstractThe precise mechanisms that control gene activity during seed development remain largely unknown. Previously, we showed that several genes essential for seed development, including those encoding storage proteins, fatty acid biosynthesis enzymes, and transcriptional regulators, such as ABI3 and FUS3, are located within hypomethylated regions of the soybean genome. These hypomethylated regions are similar to the DNA methylation valleys (DMVs), or canyons, found in mammalian cells. Here, we address the question of the extent to which DMVs are present within seed genomes, and what role they might play in seed development. We scanned soybean and Arabidopsis seed genomes from post-fertilization through dormancy and germination for regions that contain < 5% or < 0.4% bulk methylation in CG-, CHG-, and CHH-contexts over all developmental stages. We found that DMVs represent extensive portions of seed genomes, range in size from 5 to 76 kb, are scattered throughout all chromosomes, and are hypomethylated throughout the plant life cycle. Significantly, DMVs are enriched greatly in transcription factor genes, and other developmental genes, that play critical roles in seed formation. Many DMV genes are regulated with respect to seed stage, region, and tissue - and contain H3K4me3, H3K27me3, or bivalent marks that fluctuate during development. Our results indicate that DMVs are a unique regulatory feature of both plant and animal genomes, and that a large number of seed genes are regulated in the absence of methylation changes during development - probably by the action of specific transcription factors and epigenetic events at the chromatin level.SignificanceWe scanned soybean and Arabidopsis seed genomes for hypomethylated regions, or DNA Methylation Valleys (DMVs), present in mammalian cells. A significant fraction of seed genomes contain DMV regions that have < 5% bulk DNA methylation, or, in many cases, no detectable DNA methylation. Methylation levels of seed DMVs do not vary detectably during seed development with respect to time, region, and tissue, and are present prior to fertilization. Seed DMVs are enriched in transcription factor genes and other genes critical for seed development, and are also decorated with histone marks that fluctuate with developmental stage, resembling in significant ways their animal counterparts. We conclude that many genes playing important roles in seed formation are regulated in the absence of detectable DNA methylation events, and suggest that selective action of transcriptional activators and repressors, as well as chromatin epigenetic events play important roles in making a seed - particularly embryo formation.

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