scholarly journals Cytokinin Regulates the Activity of Reproductive Meristems, Flower Organ Size, Ovule Formation, and Thus Seed Yield in Arabidopsis thaliana

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Bartrina ◽  
Elisabeth Otto ◽  
Miroslav Strnad ◽  
Tomáš Werner ◽  
Thomas Schmülling
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Organ Size ◽  
Flower Organ ◽  
Ovule Formation

scholarly journals Variation in the expression of a transmembrane protein influences cell growth in Arabidopsis thaliana petals by altering auxin responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte N. Miller ◽  
Jack Dumenil ◽  
Fu Hao Lu ◽  
Caroline Smith ◽  
Neil McKenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Organ Size ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Over Expression

Abstract Background The same species of plant can exhibit very diverse sizes and shapes of organs that are genetically determined. Characterising genetic variation underlying this morphological diversity is an important objective in evolutionary studies and it also helps identify the functions of genes influencing plant growth and development. Extensive screens of mutagenised Arabidopsis populations have identified multiple genes and mechanisms affecting organ size and shape, but relatively few studies have exploited the rich diversity of natural populations to identify genes involved in growth control. Results We screened a relatively well characterised collection of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions for variation in petal size. Association analyses identified sequence and gene expression variation on chromosome 4 that made a substantial contribution to differences in petal area. Variation in the expression of a previously uncharacterised gene At4g16850 (named as KSK) had a substantial role on variation in organ size by influencing cell size. Over-expression of KSK led to larger petals with larger cells and promoted the formation of stamenoid features. The expression of auxin-responsive genes known to limit cell growth was reduced in response to KSK over-expression. ANT expression was also reduced in KSK over-expression lines, consistent with altered floral identities. Auxin responses were reduced in KSK over-expressing cells, consistent with changes in auxin-responsive gene expression. KSK may therefore influence auxin responses during petal development. Conclusions Understanding how genetic variation influences plant growth is important for both evolutionary and mechanistic studies. We used natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana to identify sequence variation in a promoter region of Arabidopsis accessions that mediated differences in the expression of a previously uncharacterised membrane protein. This variation contributed to altered auxin responses and cell size during petal growth.

scholarly journals Variation in the expression of a transmembrane protein influences cell growth in Arabidopsis thaliana petals by altering auxin responses.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte N. Miller ◽  
Jack Dumenil ◽  
Fu Hao Lu ◽  
Caroline Smith ◽  
Neil McKenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Organ Size ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Over Expression

Abstract Background The same species of plant can exhibit highly diverse sizes and shapes of organs that are genetically determined. Characterising genetic variation underlying this morphological diversity is an important objective in evolutionary studies and it also helps identify the functions of genes influencing plant growth and development. Extensive screens of mutagenised Arabidopsis populations have identified multiple genes and mechanisms affecting organ size and shape, but relatively few studies have exploited the rich diversity of natural populations to identify genes involved in growth control. Results We screened a relatively well characterised collection of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes for variation in petal size. Association analyses identified sequence and gene expression variation on chromosome 4 that made a substantial contribution to differences in petal area. Variation in the expression of a previously uncharacterised gene At4g16850 (named as KSK ) had a substantial role on variation in organ size by influencing cell size. Over-expression of KSK led to larger petals with larger cells and promoted the formation of stamenoid features. The expression of auxin-responsive genes known to limit cell growth was reduced in response to KSK over-expression. ANT expression was also reduced in KSK over-expression lines, consistent with altered floral identities. Auxin responses were reduced in KSK over-expressing cells, consistent with changes in auxin-responsive gene expression. KSK may therefore influence auxin availability during petal development. Conclusions Understanding how genetic variation influences plant growth is important for both evolutionary and mechanistic studies. We used natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana to identify sequence variation in a promoter region of Arabidopsis ecotypes that mediated differences in the expression of a previously undescribed membrane protein. This variation contributed to altered auxin availability and cell size during petal growth.

Important photosynthetic contribution of silique wall to seed yield-related traits in Arabidopsis thaliana

2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Zhu ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Chen Kuang ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Chunqian Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Seed Yield

scholarly journals STERILE APETALA modulates the stability of a repressor protein complex to control organ size in Arabidopsis thaliana

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e1007218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Zupei Liu ◽  
Zhibiao Wang ◽  
Licong Ru ◽  
Nathalie Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Protein Complex ◽  
Organ Size ◽  
Repressor Protein ◽  
Control Organ ◽  
The Stability

scholarly journals Variation in the expression of a transmembrane protein influences cell growth in Arabidopsis thaliana petals by altering auxin availability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte N. Miller ◽  
Jack Dumenil ◽  
Caroline Smith ◽  
Fu Hao Lu ◽  
Neil McKenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Organ Size ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Over Expression

AbstractBackgroundThe same species of plant can exhibit highly diverse sizes and shapes of organs that are genetically determined. Defining genetic variation underlying this morphological diversity is an important objective in evolutionary studies and it also helps identify the functions of genes influencing plant growth and development. Extensive screens of mutagenised Arabidopsis populations have identified multiple genes and mechanisms affecting organ size and shape, but relatively few studies have exploited the rich diversity of natural populations to identify genes involved in growth control.ResultsWe screened a relatively well characterised collection of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes for variation in petal size. Association analyses identified sequence and gene expression variation on chromosome 4 that made a substantial contribution to differences in petal area. Variation in expression of At4g16850 (named as KSK), encoding a hypothetical protein, had a substantial role on variation in organ size by influencing cell size. Over-expression of KSK led to larger petals with larger cells and promoted the formation of stamenoid features. The expression of auxin-responsive genes known to limit cell growth was reduced in response to KSK over-expression. ANT expression was also reduced in KSK over-expression lines, consistent with altered floral identities. Auxin availability was reduced in KSK over-expressing cells, consistent with changes in auxin-responsive gene expression. KSK may therefore influence auxin availability during petal development.ConclusionsUnderstanding how genetic variation influences plant growth is important for both evolutionary and mechanistic studies. We used natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana to identify sequence variation in a promoter region of Arabidopsis ecotypes that mediated differences in the expression of a previously uncharacterised membrane protein. This variation contributed to altered auxin availability and cell size during petal growth.

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