scholarly journals Arabidopsis lyrata Small RNAs: Transient MIRNA and Small Interfering RNA Loci within the Arabidopsis Genus

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1090-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaorong Ma ◽  
Ceyda Coruh ◽  
Michael J. Axtell
Keyword(s):  
Small Rnas ◽  
Small Interfering Rna ◽  
Arabidopsis Lyrata ◽  
Interfering Rna

scholarly journals Molecular mechanisms of Dicer: endonuclease and enzymatic activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 474 (10) ◽  
pp. 1603-1618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Sun Song ◽  
John J. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Small Interfering Rna ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Interfering Rna ◽  
Exogenous Substrates

The enzyme Dicer is best known for its role as a riboendonuclease in the small RNA pathway. In this canonical role, Dicer is a critical regulator of the biogenesis of microRNA and small interfering RNA, as well as a growing number of additional small RNAs derived from various sources. Emerging evidence demonstrates that Dicer's endonuclease role extends beyond the generation of small RNAs; it is also involved in processing additional endogenous and exogenous substrates, and is becoming increasingly implicated in regulating a variety of other cellular processes, outside of its endonuclease function. This review will describe the canonical and newly identified functions of Dicer.

scholarly journals Salient Genetic Notes on Small-RNAs and their Applications in Agricultural Biotechnology

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Samuel Amiteye
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Small Interfering Rna ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Interfering Rna

Small-RNAs are 20 to 27 nucleotides long non-protein-coding RNAs that act on either DNA or RNA to effect the regulation of gene expression. Small-RNAs are key in genetic and epigenetic regulation of diverse biological processes and pathways in response to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. The gene regulatory functions of small-RNA molecules enhance healthy plant growth and normal development by controlling biological processes such as flowering programming, fruit development, disease and pests resistance. Small-RNAs comprise mainly microRNA and small interfering RNA species. MicroRNAs have been proven to primarily engage in posttranscriptional gene regulation while small interfering RNA have been implicated mainly in transcriptional gene regulation. This review covers the recent advancements in small-RNA research in plants, with emphasis on particularly microRNAs and small interfering RNA biogenesis, biological functions and their relevance in the regulation of traits of agronomic importance in plants. Also discussed extensively is the potential biotechnological applications of these small-RNAs for crop improvement.

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