scholarly journals Lutein Accumulation in the Absence of Zeaxanthin Restores Nonphotochemical Quenching in the Arabidopsis thaliana npq1 Mutant

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1798-1812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhirong Li ◽  
Tae Kyu Ahn ◽  
Thomas J. Avenson ◽  
Matteo Ballottari ◽  
Jeffrey A. Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Nonphotochemical Quenching

scholarly journals Dissecting and modeling zeaxanthin- and lutein-dependent nonphotochemical quenching in Arabidopsis thaliana

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (33) ◽  
pp. E7009-E7017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Leuenberger ◽  
Jonathan M. Morris ◽  
Arnold M. Chan ◽  
Lauriebeth Leonelli ◽  
Krishna K. Niyogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Nonphotochemical Quenching ◽  
Light Acclimation ◽  
Single Photon Counting ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
Psbs Protein

Photosynthetic organisms use various photoprotective mechanisms to dissipate excess photoexcitation as heat in a process called nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). Regulation of NPQ allows for a rapid response to changes in light intensity and in vascular plants, is primarily triggered by a pH gradient across the thylakoid membrane (∆pH). The response is mediated by the PsbS protein and various xanthophylls. Time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) measurements were performed on Arabidopsis thaliana to quantify the dependence of the response of NPQ to changes in light intensity on the presence and accumulation of zeaxanthin and lutein. Measurements were performed on WT and mutant plants deficient in one or both of the xanthophylls as well as a transgenic line that accumulates lutein via an engineered lutein epoxide cycle. Changes in the response of NPQ to light acclimation in WT and mutant plants were observed between two successive light acclimation cycles, suggesting that the character of the rapid and reversible response of NPQ in fully dark-acclimated plants is substantially different from in conditions plants are likely to experience caused by changes in light intensity during daylight. Mathematical models of the response of zeaxanthin- and lutein-dependent reversible NPQ were constructed that accurately describe the observed differences between the light acclimation periods. Finally, the WT response of NPQ was reconstructed from isolated components present in mutant plants with a single common scaling factor, which enabled deconvolution of the relative contributions of zeaxanthin- and lutein-dependent NPQ.

scholarly journals Engineering the lutein epoxide cycle into Arabidopsis thaliana

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (33) ◽  
pp. E7002-E7008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauriebeth Leonelli ◽  
Matthew D. Brooks ◽  
Krishna K. Niyogi
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Nonphotochemical Quenching ◽  
Reaction Centers ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Psii Efficiency ◽  
Violaxanthin Deepoxidase

Although sunlight provides the energy necessary for plants to survive and grow, light can also damage reaction centers of photosystem II (PSII) and reduce photochemical efficiency. To prevent damage, plants possess photoprotective mechanisms that dissipate excess excitation. A subset of these mechanisms is collectively referred to as NPQ, or nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll a fluorescence. The regulation of NPQ is intrinsically linked to the cycling of xanthophylls that affects the kinetics and extent of the photoprotective response. The violaxanthin cycle (VAZ cycle) and the lutein epoxide cycle (LxL cycle) are two xanthophyll cycles found in vascular plants. The VAZ cycle has been studied extensively, owing in large part to its presence in model plant species where mutants are available to aid in its characterization. In contrast, the LxL cycle is not found in model plants, and its role in photosynthetic processes has been more difficult to define. To address this challenge, we introduced the LxL cycle into Arabidopsis thaliana and functionally isolated it from the VAZ cycle. Using these plant lines, we showed an increase in dark-acclimated PSII efficiency associated with Lx accumulation and demonstrated that violaxanthin deepoxidase is responsible for the light-driven deepoxidation of Lx. Conversion of Lx to L was reversible during periods of low light and occurred considerably faster than rates previously described in nonmodel species. Finally, we present clear evidence of the LxL cycle’s role in modulating a rapid component of NPQ that is necessary to prevent photoinhibition in excess light.

scholarly journals Zeaxanthin-dependent nonphotochemical quenching does not occur in photosystem I in the higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (18) ◽  
pp. 4828-4832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijin Tian ◽  
Pengqi Xu ◽  
Volha U. Chukhutsina ◽  
Alfred R. Holzwarth ◽  
Roberta Croce
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Photosystem I ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Nonphotochemical Quenching ◽  
High Light ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Kinetics Of

Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is the process that protects the photosynthetic apparatus of plants and algae from photodamage by dissipating as heat the energy absorbed in excess. Studies on NPQ have almost exclusively focused on photosystem II (PSII), as it was believed that NPQ does not occur in photosystem I (PSI). Recently, Ballottari et al. [Ballottari M, et al. (2014) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111:E2431–E2438], analyzing PSI particles isolated from an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant that accumulates zeaxanthin constitutively, have reported that this xanthophyll can efficiently induce chlorophyll fluorescence quenching in PSI. In this work, we have checked the biological relevance of this finding by analyzing WT plants under high-light stress conditions. By performing time-resolved fluorescence measurements on PSI isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana WT in dark-adapted and high-light–stressed (NPQ) states, we find that the fluorescence kinetics of both PSI are nearly identical. To validate this result in vivo, we have measured the kinetics of PSI directly on leaves in unquenched and NPQ states; again, no differences were observed. It is concluded that PSI does not undergo NPQ in biologically relevant conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana. The possible role of zeaxanthin in PSI photoprotection is discussed.

scholarly journals Complex Roles of PsbS and Xanthophylls in the Regulation of Nonphotochemical Quenching in Arabidopsis thaliana under Fluctuating Light

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (46) ◽  
pp. 10311-10325
Author(s):  
Collin J. Steen ◽  
Jonathan M. Morris ◽  
Audrey H. Short ◽  
Krishna K. Niyogi ◽  
Graham R. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Nonphotochemical Quenching ◽  
Fluctuating Light

Stable genetic transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana by Agrobacterium inoculation in planta

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok So Chang ◽  
Soon Ki Park ◽  
Byung Chul Kim ◽  
Bong Joong Kang ◽  
Dal Ung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
In Planta
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