scholarly journals Effects of Nitrate and Ammonium on Gene Expression of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase and Nitrogen Metabolism in Maize Leaf Tissue during Recovery from Nitrogen Stress

1992 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 1403-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Sugiharto ◽  
Tatsuo Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Nitrogen Stress ◽  
Maize Leaf

scholarly journals Light-regulated gene expression during maize leaf development.

1984 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 558-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Nelson ◽  
M H Harpster ◽  
S P Mayfield ◽  
W C Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase ◽  
Leaf Development ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Messenger Rnas ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Maize Leaf ◽  
Protein Gel ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

We have established schedules of expression during maize leaf development in light and darkness for the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and polypeptides for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) subunits, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase), and the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding protein (LHCP). Levels of mRNAs were measured by hybridization with cloned probes, and proteins were measured by immunodetection on protein gel blots. The initial synthesis in leaves of all four mRNAs follows a light-independent schedule; illumination influences only the level to which each mRNA accumulates. The synthesis of RuBPCase small and large subunits and of PEPCase polypeptides also follows a light-independent schedule which is modified quantitatively by light. However, the accumulation of LHCP polypeptides absolutely requires illumination. The accumulation of each protein closely follows the accumulation of its mRNA during growth in light. Higher ratios of PEPCase and RuBPCase protein to mRNA occur during dark growth.

scholarly journals Expression Analysis of Nitrogen Metabolism-Related Genes Reveals Differences in Adaptation to Low-Nitrogen Stress between Two Different Barley Cultivars at Seedling Stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Chen ◽  
Chenghong Liu ◽  
Yifei Wang ◽  
Ting He ◽  
Runhong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Stress ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Low Nitrogen Stress ◽  
Low Nitrogen Tolerance ◽  
Low Nitrogen

The excess use of nitrogen fertilizers causes many problems, including higher costs of crop production, lower nitrogen use efficiency, and environmental damage. Crop breeding for low-nitrogen tolerance, especially molecular breeding, has become the major route to solving these issues. Therefore, in crops such as barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), it is crucial to understand the mechanisms of low-nitrogen tolerance at the molecule level. In the present study, two barley cultivars, BI-04 (tolerant to low nitrogen) and BI-45 (sensitive to low nitrogen), were used for gene expression analysis under low-nitrogen stress, including 10 genes related to primary nitrogen metabolism. The results showed that the expressions of HvNIA2 (nitrite reductase), HvGS2 (chloroplastic glutamine synthetase), and HvGLU2 (ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase) were only induced in shoots of BI-04 under low-nitrogen stress, HvGLU2 was also only induced in roots of BI-04, and HvGS2 showed a rapid response to low-nitrogen stress in the roots of BI-04. The expression of HvASN1 (asparagine synthetase) was reduced in both cultivars, but it showed a lower reduction in the shoots of BI-04. In addition, gene expression and regulation differences in the shoots and roots were also compared between the barley cultivars. Taken together, the results indicated that the four above-mentioned genes might play important roles in low-nitrogen tolerance in barley.

scholarly journals Light Induction of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase in Etiolated Maize Leaf Tissue

1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinobu Hayakawa ◽  
Kazumi Matsunaga ◽  
Tatsuo Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Light Induction ◽  
Maize Leaf

scholarly journals Global impacts of chromosomal imbalance on gene expression in Arabidopsis and other taxa

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (48) ◽  
pp. E11321-E11330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Hou ◽  
Xiaowen Shi ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Md. Soliman Islam ◽  
Adam F. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Chromosomal Imbalance ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Global Impacts

Changes in dosage of part of the genome (aneuploidy) have long been known to produce much more severe phenotypic consequences than changes in the number of whole genomes (ploidy). To examine the basis of these differences, global gene expression in mature leaf tissue for all five trisomies and in diploids, triploids, and tetraploids of Arabidopsis thaliana was studied. The trisomies displayed a greater spread of expression modulation than the ploidy series. In general, expression of genes on the varied chromosome ranged from compensation to dosage effect, whereas genes from the remainder of the genome ranged from no effect to reduced expression approaching the inverse level of chromosomal imbalance (2/3). Genome-wide DNA methylation was examined in each genotype and found to shift most prominently with trisomy 4 but otherwise exhibited little change, indicating that genetic imbalance is generally mechanistically unrelated to DNA methylation. Independent analysis of gene functional classes demonstrated that ribosomal, proteasomal, and gene body methylated genes were less modulated compared with all classes of genes, whereas transcription factors, signal transduction components, and organelle-targeted protein genes were more tightly inversely affected. Comparing transcription factors and their targets in the trisomies and in expression networks revealed considerable discordance, illustrating that altered regulatory stoichiometry is a major contributor to genetic imbalance. Reanalysis of published data on gene expression in disomic yeast and trisomic mouse cells detected similar stoichiometric effects across broad phylogenetic taxa, and indicated that these effects reflect normal gene regulatory processes.

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