scholarly journals Deposition of Matrix and Crystalloid Storage Proteins during Protein Body Development in the Endosperm of Ricinus communis L. cv. Hale Seeds

1982 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1471-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Gifford ◽  
John S. Greenwood ◽  
J. Derek Bewley
Keyword(s):  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Protein Body ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Ricinus Communis L

Seed development in Ricinus communis cv. Hale (castor bean). III. Pattern of storage protein and phytin accumulation in the endosperm

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2121-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Greenwood ◽  
J. Derek Bewley
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Protein Body ◽  
Storage Organ ◽  
Endosperm Storage Protein ◽  
Reserve Accumulation ◽  
Cell Layers

The development of the endosperm of castor bean seed from its initial free nuclear state through to the end of maturation is presented. An investigation of the pattern of reserve accumulation in the endosperm at the light microscopy level revealed that the accumulation of soluble and insoluble storage proteins, and of phytin, does not occur simultaneously in all cells of the developing storage organ. Rates of reserve accumulation also vary among regions of the endosperm. Storage protein and phytin accumulation are initiated in a region midway between the periphery and central lumen of the endosperm by the early cotyledon stage of seed development. Afterwards, reserve deposition occurs more intensely in the proximal and more peripheral regions than in the distal and internal regions. A wave of reserve accumulation, or protein body maturation, proceeds from the more peripheral and the proximal regions to the more internal and distal regions as development continues. The last cells to complete reserve deposition are those in regions lying close to the endosperm lumen (into which the cotyledons have expanded) and the outermost two cell layers of the endosperm.

Involvement of the Golgi apparatus in crystalloid protein deposition in Ricinus communis cv. Hale seeds

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2353-2360 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Brown ◽  
J. S. Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Storage Protein ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Protein Transport ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Protein Body ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Storage Proteins ◽  
Protein Bodies ◽  
11S Globulin

The developing endosperm of castor bean has been used extensively as a model system for studies of storage-protein synthesis and processing, yet the path of transport of the storage proteins to the protein bodies has not been elucidated. In this study, immunolocalization of the 11S globulin (crystalloid protein) was performed on sections of acrolein–glutaraldehydefixed, resin-embedded, developing castor bean endosperm. Acrolein allowed rapid fixation of the tissue necessary for preserving the ultrastructure of the endomembrane system while maintaining adequate antigenicity of the target protein. Crystalloid protein was localized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the known site of synthesis, and in the dense proteinaceous inclusions within the protein bodies. In addition, significant labelling of Golgi complexes and associated vesicles, 65-nm diameter coated vesicles, and larger 220-nm diameter cytoplasmic vesicles was obtained. The findings provide the first direct evidence that the storage parenchyma cells of developing castor bean endosperm possess well-developed, functional Golgi complexes. This is consistent with previous observations of seed storage proteins in other plant species. The study further suggests that two distinct classes of vesicles are involved in the transport of the 11S globulin to the protein bodies. Key words: Golgi, immunolocalization, protein body, Ricinus communis, storage protein, transport (protein).

scholarly journals Probing the floral developmental stages, bisexuality and sex reversions in castor (Ricinus communis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujatha Thankeswaran Parvathy ◽  
Amala Joseph Prabakaran ◽  
Thadakamalla Jayakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Sex Expression ◽  
Pistil Abortion ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Sex Reversion ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Meristem Development ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
First Time

AbstractCastor (Ricinus communis L) is an ideal model species for sex mechanism studies in monoecious angiosperms, due to wide variations in sex expression. Sex reversion to monoecy in pistillate lines, along with labile sex expression, negatively influences hybrid seed purity. The study focuses on understanding the mechanisms of unisexual flower development, sex reversions and sex variations in castor, using various genotypes with distinct sex expression pattern. Male and female flowers had 8 and 12 developmental stages respectively, were morphologically similar till stage 4, with an intermediate bisexual state and were intermediate between type 1 and type 2 flowers. Pistil abortion was earlier than stamen inhibition. Sex alterations occurred at floral and inflorescence level. While sex-reversion was unidirectional towards maleness via bisexual stage, at high day temperatures (Tmax > 38 °C), femaleness was restored with subsequent drop in temperatures. Temperature existing for 2–3 weeks during floral meristem development, influences sexuality of the flower. We report for first time that unisexuality is preceded by bisexuality in castor flowers which alters with genotype and temperature, and sex reversions as well as high sexual polymorphisms in castor are due to alterations in floral developmental pathways. Differentially expressed (male-abundant or male-specific) genes Short chain dehydrogenase reductase 2a (SDR) and WUSCHEL are possibly involved in sex determination of castor.

scholarly journals The root endophytic bacterial community of Ricinus communis L. resembles the seeds community more than the rhizosphere bacteria independent of soil water content

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie E. Hereira-Pacheco ◽  
Yendi E. Navarro-Noya ◽  
Luc Dendooven
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Endophytic Bacterial Community

AbstractRhizosphere and root endophytic bacteria are crucial for plant development, but the question remains if their composition is similar and how environmental conditions, such as water content, affect their resemblance. Ricinus communis L., a highly drought resistant plant, was used to study how varying soil water content affected the bacterial community in uncultivated, non-rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil, and in its roots. Additionally, the bacterial community structure was determined in the seeds of R. communis at the onset of the experiment. Plants were cultivated in soil at three different watering regimes, i.e. 50% water holding capacity (WHC) or adjusted to 50% WHC every two weeks or every month. Reducing the soil water content strongly reduced plant and root dry biomass and plant development, but had little effect on the bacterial community structure. The bacterial community structure was affected significantly by cultivation of R. communis and showed large variations over time. After 6 months, the root endophytic bacterial community resembled that in the seeds more than in the rhizosphere. It was found that water content had only a limited effect on the bacterial community structure and the different bacterial groups, but R. communis affected the bacterial community profoundly.

scholarly journals The Pyridine Nucleotide Cycle and Its Role in the Biosynthesis of Ricinine by Ricinus communis L

1966 ◽  
Vol 241 (19) ◽  
pp. 4411-4418
Author(s):  
George R. Waller ◽  
K.S. Yang ◽  
R.K. Gholson ◽  
Lee A. Hadwiger ◽  
Sterling Chaykin
Keyword(s):  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Pyridine Nucleotide ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Pyridine Nucleotide Cycle
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