scholarly journals Chemical Changes in Cutin Obtained from Cuticles Isolated by the Zinc Chloride-Hydrochloric Acid Method

1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay H. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Acid Method

Extraction of β-Sitosterol from Jatropha Seed Oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 1210-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Yu Liu ◽  
Hao Lu ◽  
Li Jie Sun ◽  
Xin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Extraction Technique ◽  
Power Ratio ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Jatropha Seed ◽  
Solvent Extraction Technique

Solvent extraction technique was applied for the extraction of β-Sitosterol from jatropha seed oil．The optimum conditions for the lab scale extraction were obtained at 30ml solvent, 0.05g magnesium power, ratio of hydrochloric acid to zinc chloride of 1/1.75 (ml/g) and tetrahydrofuran as a solvent. Under the optical conditions, the yield of β-sitosterol was up to 3.27mg/g.

Organophosphorus compounds. XII. A new synthesis of phosphindolines and phosphindoles

1974 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 831 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Collins ◽  
LE Rowley ◽  
JM Swan
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Magnesium Bromide ◽  
New Synthesis

The reaction of 2-phenylethylphosphonous dichloride with zinc chloride at 170� followed by hydrolysis with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and oxidation, gave 72% of 1-hydroxyphosphindoline 1-oxide. Treatment of the derived phosphinic chloride with vinyl magnesium bromide at -40� afforded 1-vinylphosphindoline 1-oxide which underwent addition of dimethylamine to yield 1-(2'-dimethylaminoethyl)phosphindoline 1-oxide. The conversions of 1-chlorophosphindoline 1-oxide into 1-ethyl- and 1-phenyl-phosphindoline 1-oxide are described. Bromination of l-methoxy- phosphindoline 1-oxide with N-bromosuccinimide followed by dehydrobromination afforded 1-methoxyphosphindole 1-oxide. 1-(2'-Dimethylaminoethyl)phosphindoline 1-oxide and the corresponding phosphine sulphide were assayed for analgetic activity.

O-Benzylidene Derivatives of D-Arabinose Diethyl and Dipropyl Dithioacetal

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kuszmann ◽  
E Gacsbaitz
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Partial Hydrolysis ◽  
Kinetic Control ◽  
Toluenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Thermodynamic Phase ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Derivatives Of

Benzylidenation of D-arabinose diethyl and dipropyl dithioacetals with α,α-dimethoxytoluene in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid has been studied in detail. Under kinetic control the two terminal dioxolan -type 4,5-O-(R)- and 4,5-O-(S)-benzylidene diastereomers are formed first which are in equilibrium with each other In the thermodynamic phase of the reaction the corresponding dioxan -type 3,5-O-(R)- benzylidene isomer is formed too, but all three monobenzylidene isomers are gradually converted into the four possible dioxolan -type 2,3 : 4,5-di-O benzylidene diastereomers . The dioxan -type 2,4:3,5-di-O-benzylidene isomer was present only in trace amounts. When benzaldehyde was used as reagent in the presence of hydrochloric acid or zinc chloride only the 2,3: 4,5-di-O-benzylidene diastereomers were formed. Partial hydrolysis of the dibenzylidene derivatives yielded the corresponding 2,3-O-benzylidene diastereomers. Structures, including the chirality of the benzylidene groups, were determined by n.m.r. spectroscopy. A mechanism suggested for the reaction was partially supported by equilibration studies.

The corrosion resistance of structural materials in media formed in the production of strontium carbonate by the hydrochloric acid method

1978 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-338
Author(s):  
Ts. L. Drukh ◽  
N. M. Davydenko ◽  
�. B. Gitis ◽  
F. I. Strigunov ◽  
I. A. Lagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Structural Materials ◽  
Strontium Carbonate ◽  
Acid Method

The Discussion on Synthesis Process of Biurea by Hydrochloric Acid

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 464-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Meng Qi ◽  
Ran Guo ◽  
Meng Su ◽  
Xiao Xue Cheng ◽  
Ling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Hydrazine Hydrate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Complex Salt ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Acid Method ◽  
Reaction Solution

By Series of comparative experiments, Factors of influencing the yield of biurea which is prepared from the condensation reaction between hydrazine hydrate and urea are studied, such as pH value, ratio of urea to hydrazine hydrate, temperature of reaction solution, reaction time and acid addition order. Under the optimum process conditions, the yield of biurea can reach over 97%, the biurea produced by hydrochloric acid method avoids large amounts of complex salt wastewater in condensation reaction of sulfuric acid method, and make the production process of biurea tends to be more environmentally friendly.

THERMAL DECARBOXYLATION OF URONIC ACIDS

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Perlin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Skeleton ◽  
Uronic Acids ◽  
Acid Method ◽  
Thermal Decarboxylation ◽  
Good Agreement

A novel decarboxylation of uronic acids by merely heating the material without the use of a solvent or added catalyst is described. At approximately 255 °C. decarboxylation for uronic and polyuronic acids and salts within 15 min. reaction time is nearly quantitative. Vigorous dehydration occurs simultaneously, the residue corresponding basically to a 5-carbon skeleton that contains 1.5 atoms of oxygen. Other products of the reaction are minor and include carbon monoxide, and traces of acid and oils. Sugar acids, such as gluconic and ascorbic, are not as extensively decarboxylated. The reaction is employed for analysis of several nitrogen dioxide oxidized celluloses and starches and the results are in good agreement with those given by titration and the 12% hydrochloric acid method.

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