scholarly journals Correlation between the Suppression of Glucose and Phosphate Uptake and the Release of Protein from Viable Carrot Root Cells Treated with Monovalent Cations

1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Nieman ◽  
Catherine Willis
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Uptake ◽  
Monovalent Cations ◽  
Carrot Root ◽  
Root Cells

scholarly journals Studies in The Metabolism of Plant Cells

1950 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
DC Weeks ◽  
RN Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Carrot Root ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Oxidase System

It has been established with the use of the enzyme inhibitor carbon monoxidethat the cyanide-sensitive salt respiration in carrot root cells is mediatedby the cytochrome-cytochrome oxidase system. The cyanide-stable ground respirationis not mediated by the cytochrome-cytochfome oxidase system.

High-affinity phosphate absorption is independent of the root cell wall in Pisum sativum

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1504-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Lefebvre ◽  
David T. Clarkson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Phosphate Uptake ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Protoplast Isolation ◽  
Bathing Solution ◽  
Concentration Increase ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Phosphate Influx ◽  
Root Cell Wall

The high affinity for phosphate influx by pea root cells was not significantly altered by osmotic shock, plasmolysis, or the preparation of free protoplasts. The Km of normal roots was 7.74 ± 2.14 μM. The Vmax for phosphate uptake was reduced to 64% by osmotic shock and to 38 and 23% by plasmolysis and protoplast isolation, respectively. Efflux analysis indicated that there was a concentration increase for phosphate in the root free space over that of the bathing solution. This apparent binding does not appear to be involved in the uptake affinity of phosphate.

Membrane Potentials in Carrot Root Cells

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.P Anderson ◽  
R.N Robertson ◽  
B.J Wright
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potentials ◽  
Xylem Parenchyma ◽  
Carrot Root ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Membrane Hyperpolarization ◽  
Electrogenic Transport ◽  
Carbonyl Cyanide ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Complete Nutrient Solution ◽  
Single Exponential

Membrane potentials in carrot root xylem parenchyma cells, aged for at least 5 days after excision from the parent organ, were measured under a variety of external conditions by standard intracellular electrode methods. The respiration blocking agents cyanide and carbon monoxide (in the dark) produced large (up to 90 mV) depolarizations which could be described by single exponential decay curves having rate constants (or half-times) of 0.065 s-1 (t*1/2 = 10.8 s) and 0.094 s-1 (t*1/2 = 7.4 s) respectively. The uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone caused a single exponential membrane depolarization with a rate constant of 0.0054 s-1(t*1/2 = 126 s). These effects are thought to reflect the action of an active electrogenic H+ extrusion pump at the plasmalemma. A second, minor electrogenic transport, causing depolarization of about 10 mV in the restlng state, and due to an obligate electrogenic coupling to Cl- influx has been confirmed in KCl-pretreated tissue. In tissue pretreated in more complete nutrient solution, there is no evidence of a Cl- -coupled electrogenic exchange. This seems to be the first report of two independent electrogenic mechanisms operating in a plant cell and, interestingly, they act in opposite senses, the major H+ extrusion causing membrane hyperpolarization, the minor Cl- -influx-coupled exchange causing depolarization, in the normal resting cell.

Effect of Niacin on Mitochondria of Allium Cepa Root Cells

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
M. Arif Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Critical Interest

Although it is recognized that niacin (pyridine-3-carboxylic acid), incorporated as the amide in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), is a cofactor in hydrogen transfer in numerous enzyme reactions in all organisms studied, virtually no information is available on the effect of this vitamin on a cell at the submicroscopic level. Since mitochondria act as sites for many hydrogen transfer processes, the possible response of mitochondria to niacin treatment is, therefore, of critical interest.Onion bulbs were placed on vials filled with double distilled water in the dark at 25°C. After two days the bulbs and newly developed root system were transferred to vials containing 0.1% niacin. Root tips were collected at ¼, ½, 1, 2, 4, and 8 hr. intervals after treatment. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde-OsO4 as well as in 2% KMnO4 according to standard procedures. In both cases, the tissues were dehydrated in an acetone series and embedded in Reynolds' lead citrate for 3-10 minutes.

ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY IN ISOLATED VACUOLES OF RED BEET ROOT CELLS

Tsitologiya ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-475
Author(s):  
O. D. Nimaeva ◽  
◽  
E. V. Pradedova ◽  
A. B. Karpova ◽  
R. K. Salyaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activity

Verification of anoxic phosphate uptake as the main biochemical mechanism of the “dephanox” process

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sorm ◽  
J. Wanner ◽  
R. Saltarelli ◽  
G. Bortone ◽  
A. Tilche
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Phosphate Uptake ◽  
Biochemical Mechanism ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Genetic Probes ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems ◽  
Removal System

The phenomenon of anoxic phosphate uptake with simultaneous denitrification was studied. For this purpose kinetic batch tests have been carried out by using the activated sludge samples from three modifications of nutrient removal activated sludge systems: two based on an anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (A2/O) system and a third on an anaerobic-oxic (A/O) system. The results showed significant differences in anoxic phosphate uptake rate between activated sludge which was alternatively exposed to anoxic conditions and activated sludge from the A/O arrangement. These differences were also accompanied by different denitrification rates. Simultaneously with batch experiments the microscopic observation of activated sludge samples was carried out. Neisser and Gram stained samples showed clear differences in shape, size and distribution of polyphosphate accumulating bacteria between A2/O and A/O Processes. Moreover, experiments performed using genetic probes confirmed the differences in microbiological composition of activated sludge samples from different nutrient removal system arrangements.

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