scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Water on Oxygen Consumption by Plant Materials

1960 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Ohmura ◽  
Robert W. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Effect Of Water

Inhibitory Effect of Commercial Green Tea and Rosemary Leaf Powders on the Growth of Foodborne Pathogens in Laboratory Media and Oriental-Style Rice Cakes

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1107-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUN-YOUNG LEE ◽  
SO-YOUNG GWON ◽  
SEUNG-JU KIM ◽  
BO KYUNG MOON
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Enterobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Rice Cake ◽  
Rice Cakes

The antimicrobial effects of green tea and rosemary added to foods as antagonists to foodborne pathogens were determined in laboratory media and oriental-style rice cakes. The growth of each pathogen (Bacillus cereus, Salmonella, Typhimurium, Enterobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes) in tryptic soy broth or rice cake with or without addition of green tea or rosemary leaf powders before autoclaving or cooking, respectively, was investigated after inoculation. The addition of 1% green tea or rosemary produced similar results for inhibiting the growth of pathogens in tryptic soy broth. However, green tea was more effective than rosemary for inhibiting the growth of L. monocytogenes. Both botanicals had inhibitory effects against all pathogens tested in this study. Green tea was particularly effective against B. cereus, S. aureus, and L. monocytogenes, and rosemary was strongly inhibitory against B. cereus and S. aureus. The addition of 1 or 3% green tea or rosemary to rice cakes did not significantly reduce total aerobic counts; however, levels of B. cereus and S. aureus were significantly reduced in rice cakes stored for 3 days at room temperature (22°C). The order of antimicrobial activities against B. cereus in rice cake was 1% rosemary < 1% green tea < 3% rosemary = 3% green tea. These results indicate that the use of natural plant materials such as green tea and rosemary could improve the microbial quality of foods in addition to their functional properties.

Catalytic combustion of styrene over copper based catalyst: Inhibitory effect of water vapor

Chemosphere ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Pan ◽  
Mingyao Xu ◽  
Zhong Li ◽  
Sisi Huang ◽  
Chun He
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Catalytic Combustion ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Copper Based Catalyst

scholarly journals CONSTITUENTS AND INHIBITORY EFFECT ON HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA OF THE ROOTS OF SCUTELLARIA BAICALENSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Duc Long Le ◽  
Huu Tung Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thom Nguyen ◽  
Gyung Ja Choi ◽  
Dinh Hoang Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Effect ◽  
Study Results

Abstract-HCTN_16Methanol extract of the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis effectively inhibited the bacterial growth of human pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus cereus ATCC 21768 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 at MICs of 2,000 µg/mL. n-Hexane, ethyl acetate and aqueous residues were prepared by successively partitioning the methanol extract with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Among them, only ethyl acetate layer showed antibiotic effect; whereas n-hexane and aqueous layers were inactive against tested bacteria. The ethyl acetate residue was fractionated by silica gel column chromatography to afford three flavonoids and an oligosaccharide. Their chemical structures were elucidated as wogonin (SB1), baicalein (SB4), baicalin (SB5) and tetrasaccharide (SB10) on the basis of the analysis of NMR and MS spectroscopic data. The isolates were evaluated for in vitro inhibitory effect against human pathogenic bacteria using micro dilution bioassay method. Baicalein (SB4) showed a broad-spectrum inhibition against various human pathogenic bacteria. In particular, it was found to potently inhibit S. aureus ATCC 6538 and B. cereus ATCC 21768 with MICs of 9.5 and 38 µg/mL, respectively. The study results demonstrated antibiotic effect of the extracts from the roots of S. baicalensis and characterization of compounds isolated from the plant materials.

scholarly journals Low-Temperature Esterification to Produce Oleic Acid-Based Wax Esters Catalyzed by 4-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1471
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Li ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Guolong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Wax Esters ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Synthesized oleic acid-based wax esters (e.g., cetyl oleate), which can replace spermaceti oil or jojoba oil, have been widely used in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and other industries. In this work, 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) has been successfully used as an efficient catalyst to synthesize oleic acid-based wax esters through esterification at 40 °C under solvent-free conditions. A 93.6% conversion rate of cetyl alcohol was obtained under optimal conditions: 10 mol% DBSA, a molar ratio of 1.3:1 oleic acid to alcohol, a reaction temperature 40 °C and a reaction time of 4 h. The effect of water content on esterification was investigated, and it was found that the inhibitory effect of water decreased significantly with increasing temperature. Moreover, DBSA-catalyzed esterification could be applied in the production of various oleic acid-based wax esters and excellent conversion (>90%) to esters was obtained under such mild conditions. DBSA-catalyzed low-temperature esterification is an efficient method for the production of liquid wax esters.

scholarly journals Phenolic Acids from Lycium barbarum Leaves: In Vitro and In Silico Studies of the Inhibitory Activity against Porcine Pancreatic α-Amylase

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1388
Author(s):  
Luna Pollini ◽  
Alessandra Riccio ◽  
Cristina Juan ◽  
Carmela Tringaniello ◽  
Federica Ianni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
In Silico Studies

Nowadays, bioactive compounds from vegetable food and waste are of great interest for their inhibitory potential against digestive enzymes. In the present study, the inhibitory activity of methanolic extract from Lycium barbarum leaves on porcine pancreas α-amylase has been studied. The α-amylase inhibitory activity of the constituent phenolic acids was also investigated. The leaves were extracted by ultrasound-assisted method, one of the most efficient techniques for bioactive extraction from plant materials, and then the phenolic acids were identified by Accurate-Mass Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (Q-TOF) Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS). Chlorogenic and salicylic acids were the most abundant phenolic acids in L. barbarum leaf extract. The inhibitory effect against α-amylase, determined for individual compounds by in vitro assay, was higher for chlorogenic, salicylic, and caffeic acids. L. barbarum leaf extract showed an appreciable α-amylase inhibitory effect in a concentration-dependent manner. Docking studies of the considered phenolic acids into the active site of α-amylase suggested a conserved binding mode that is mainly stabilized through H-bonds and π-π stacking interactions.

Halothane Selectively Inhibits Nonshivering Thermogenesis 

1995 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Dicker ◽  
Kerstin B. E. Ohlson ◽  
Lennart Johnson ◽  
Barbara Cannon ◽  
Sten G.E. Lindahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Nonshivering Thermogenesis ◽  
Halothane Anesthesia ◽  
Control Series ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Anesthetized Rats ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Spontaneously Breathing ◽  
Thermogenic Response

Background During halothane anesthesia, infants fail to increase oxygen consumption in response to a cold stimulus in the form of an increase in temperature gradient between body and environment. Based on recent observations with isolated brown-fat cells, it seemed feasible that this inability to respond could be due to an inhibition of nonshivering thermogenesis during halothane anesthesia. Methods The rate of oxygen consumption was measured in cold-acclimated hamsters and rats. The rate evoked by norepinephrine injection in hamsters at an environmental temperature of approximately 24 degrees C was used as a measure of the capacity for nonshivering thermogenesis. Anesthesia was induced by 3% halothane and maintained by 1.5% halothane. One experimental series with spontaneously breathing hamsters and a second control series with spontaneously breathing rats and with rats whose lungs were mechanically ventilated were conducted. Results Norepinephrine injection led to a fourfold increase in the rate of oxygen consumption in control hamsters; after this response had subsided, a second injection led to a similar effect. Halothane anesthesia caused an approximately 20% decrease in resting metabolic rate (P < 0.05) and a 70% inhibition of the thermogenic response to norepinephrine (P < 0.001). The halothane concentration yielding half-maximal inhibitory effect was estimated to be less than 1.0%. After the animals had recovered from halothane anesthesia, a completely restored thermogenic response to norepinephrine was observed. The inhibitory effect of halothane also was observed in hamsters maintained at normothermia and was therefore not secondary to the slight hypothermia that otherwise developed during anesthesia. In a series of control experiments, it was confirmed that rats also showed large thermogenic responses to norepinephrine injections, and it was found that, in spontaneously breathing halothane-anesthetized rats, the thermogenic response to norepinephrine was also much inhibited. Further, in halothane-anesthetized rats whose lungs were mechanically ventilated, and where blood gases were kept at virtually normal levels, the thermogenic response to norepinephrine was found to be similarly markedly inhibited. Conclusions A much diminished or abolished thermogenic response to injected norepinephrine was demonstrated in halothane-anesthetized animals. This implies that there would be a diminished ability to elicit nonshivering thermogenesis even when this process is physiologically induced. Such a diminished ability could in part explain the susceptibility of neonates and infants to hypothermia during halothane anesthesia.

Inhibitory Effect of Thyroxine Analogues on Oxygen Consumption in Mice

Nature ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 164 (4173) ◽  
pp. 699-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. MACLAGAN ◽  
M. M. SHEAHAN ◽  
J. H. WILKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Inhibitory Effect
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