scholarly journals A Century-Old Mystery Unveiled: Sekizaisou is a Natural Lignin Mutant

2020 ◽  
Vol 182 (4) ◽  
pp. 1821-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanobu Yamamoto ◽  
Hirokazu Tomiyama ◽  
Akio Koyama ◽  
Hisato Okuizumi ◽  
Sarah Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Lignin

Alkaline hydrolysis of the natural lignin of cottonplant stems in the presence of anthraquinone

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. E. Madzhidova ◽  
G. N. Dalimova ◽  
B. Kh. Pulatov
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Natural Lignin ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals High ion adsorption densities of site-selective nitrogen doped carbon sheets prepared from natural lignin

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (72) ◽  
pp. 42043-42049
Author(s):  
Yosuke Ishii ◽  
Koki Ishigame ◽  
Yusuke Kido ◽  
Yuichiro Kato ◽  
Kengo Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Ion Adsorption ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Natural Lignin ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon ◽  
Site Selective ◽  
Templating Technique ◽  
Ice Templating

Carbon fibers and sheets were prepared from jet-milled natural chitin and cellulose samples, and from natural lignin sample using ice-templating technique, respectively.

scholarly journals Polystyrene Sulfonate is Effective for Enhancing Biomass Enzymatic Saccharification Under Green Liquor Pretreatment in Bioenergy Poplar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Liu ◽  
Peipei Wang ◽  
Jing Tian ◽  
Jiaqi Guo ◽  
Wenyuan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate ◽  
Polystyrene Sulfonate ◽  
Green Liquor ◽  
Natural Lignin ◽  
Pure Cellulose ◽  
Promotion Mechanism ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Soluble Lignin

Abstract Background: Water-soluble lignin (particularly lignosulfonate, LS) has been well documented for its significance on enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose, though the promotion mechanism has not been fully understood. Much attention has been paid to natural lignin or its derivatives. The disadvantage of using natural lignin-based polymers as promoting agents lies in the difficulty in tailor-incorporating functional groups due to their complex 3D structures. To further improve our understanding on the promotion mechanism of water-soluble lignin in the bio-conversion of lignocellulose and to pursue better alternatives with different skeleton structures other than natural lignin, herein we reported a synthetic soluble linear aromatic polymer, sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), to mimic LS for enhancing the efficiency of enzymatic saccharification. Results: The role of PSS played in enzymatic saccharification of pure cellulose and green liquor pretreated poplar (GL-P) was explored by analyzing substrate enzymatic digestibility (SED) under different addition dosages and various pH media, along with LS for comparison. At the cellulase loading of 13.3 FPU/g-glucan, the glucose yield of GL-P increased from 53% for the control to 81.5% with PSS addition of 0.1 g/g-substrate. It outperformed LS with the addition of 0.2 g/g-substrate by 6.3%. In the pH range from 4.5 to 6, PSS showed a positive effect on lignocellulose saccharification with the optimum pH at 4.8, where the most pronounced SED of GL-P was achieved. The underlying mechanism was unveiled by measuring zeta potential and using Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) and Multi-parametric Surface Plasmon Resonance (MP-SPR). The results confirmed that the complexes of cellulase and PSS were conjugated and the negatively superchanged complexes reduced non-productive binding effectively along with the improved saccharification efficiency. The thickness of PSS required to block the binding sites of cellulase film was less than half of that of LS, and the PSS adlayer on cellulase film is also more hydrated and with a much lower shear modulus than LS adlayer. Conclusions: PSS as LS analogue is effective for enhancing the biomass enzymatic saccharification of GL-pretreated poplar. PSS exhibited a severer inhibition on the enzymatic saccharification of pure cellulose, whilst a more positive effect on bioconversion of lignocellulose (GL-P) than LS. In addition, a much lower dosage is required by PSS. The dynamic enzymatic hydrolysis indicated PSS could prolong the processive activity of cellulase. The valid data stemmed from QCM and SPR expressed that PSS bound to cellulases and the as-formed complexes reduced the nonproductive adsorption of cellulase onto substrate lignin more efficiently than LS due to its flexible skeleton and highly hydrated structure. Therefore, PSS is a promising alternative promoting agent for lignocellulose saccharification. From another perspective, the synthetic lignin mimics with controllable structures enable us to reach an in-depth understanding of the promotion mechanism of soluble lignins on enzymatic saccharification.

Long-Acting and Safe Sunscreens with Ultrahigh Sun Protection Factor via Natural Lignin Encapsulation and Synergy

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 1276-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqing Qiu ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Yong Qian ◽  
Jingyu Wang ◽  
Shiping Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Sun Protection ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Natural Lignin ◽  
Sun Protection Factor ◽  
Long Acting

The Heterogeneity of Natural Lignin

1971 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 657-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
O P Grushnikov ◽  
N N Shorygina
Keyword(s):  
Natural Lignin
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