scholarly journals Effect of Vapor Pressure Deficit on Gas Exchange in Wild-Type and Abscisic Acid–Insensitive Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 1573-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas A. Cernusak ◽  
Gregory R. Goldsmith ◽  
Matthias Arend ◽  
Rolf T. W. Siegwolf
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Wild Type

Effect of Mycorrhizal Fungi on Gas Exchange of Micropropagated Guava Plantlets (Psidium guajava L.) during Acclimatization and Plant Establishment

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 501c-501
Author(s):  
Andrés A. Estrada-Luna ◽  
Jonathan N. Egilla ◽  
Fred T. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Glomus Etunicatum ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Use Efficiency

The effect of mycorrhizal fungi on gas exchange of micropropagated guava plantlets (Psidium guajava L.) during acclimatization and plant establishment was determined. Guava plantlets (Psidium guajava L. cv. `Media China') were asexually propagated through tissue culture and acclimatized in a glasshouse for eighteen weeks. Half of the plantlets were inoculated with ZAC-19, which is a mixed isolate containing Glomus etunicatum and an unknown Glomus spp. Plantlets were fertilized with modified Long Ashton nutrient solution containing 11 (g P/ml. Gas exchange measurements included photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), internal CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (E), water use efficiency (WUE), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Measurements were taken at 2, 4, 8 and 18 weeks after inoculation using a LI-6200 portable photosynthesis system (LI-COR Inc. Lincoln, Neb., USA). Two weeks after inoculation, noninoculated plantlets had greater A compared to mycorrhizal plantlets. However, 4 and 8 weeks after inoculation, mycorrhizal plantlets had greater A, gs, Ci and WUE. At the end of the experiment gas exchange was comparable between noninoculated and mycorrhizal plantlets.

Response of Stomatal Conductance to Vapor Pressure Deficit in Leaves of Four Trees at the Campus of Shandong University

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 1055-1058
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Xiao Guang Wang ◽  
Gui Zhai Zhang ◽  
Xue Wei Hou ◽  
Xiao Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Response Pattern ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Populus Euramericana ◽  
Parabolic Curve

Response of gas exchange to VPD in leaves of four trees (Prunus serrulata, Prunus lannesiana, Populus deltoides I-69 (I-69) and Populus × euramericana Neva (I-107)) at the campus of Shandong University in Jinan, Shandong Province were measured. The result showed that: the stomatal conductance increased with increasing VPD, and gs reached gs-max at intermediate VPD, and a steady decline in gs with further increases in VPD. This response pattern was fitted by a parabolic curve (gs=aD2+bD+c, D=VPD, R2>0.52). The gs-max at intermediate VPD with changing VPD showed that there was an optimal VPD (or RH) to plants. Therefore, while VPD (or RH) was higher or lower than the optimal VPD (or RH) of plant, gs would decrease. The response of gs to VPD in I-69 and I-107 were much more sensitive than P. serrulata and P. lannesiana.

The effects of abscisic acid and vapor pressure deficit on leaf resistance of Paphiopedilum leeanum

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1202-1204
Author(s):  
James M. Mayo ◽  
Dave Ehret
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Guard Cell ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Stomatal Movement ◽  
Leaf Resistance

Evidence is presented to show that 1 × 10−5 M abscisic acid reduces transpiration of Paphiopedilum leeanum by 42% and increases leaf resistance by 79%. Increasing vapor pressure deficit from 0.5 kPa to ca. 3.0 kPa increases leaf resistance from ca. 6 S cm−1 to ca. 10 S cm−1. These results are discussed in view of the lack of guard cell chlorophyll and the lack of K+ involvement in stomatal movement in this species.

scholarly journals Divergent gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in F1 hybrids driving habitat differentiation compared to their parents in Buddleja

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weichang Gong ◽  
Yaqing Chen ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Han Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Use Efficiency

Abstract Background Inter-specific hybridizations were common and can easily take place in Buddleja , and it was an important way for evolution and rapid speciation. The F1 hybrid in this study was a newly identified inter-specific hybridization between B. crispa and B. offic inalis in Sino-Himalayan region. In the natural hybrid zones, F1 hybrids always occupy different habitats from their parents. The objective of this study was to explore environmental acclimatization of F1 hybrids and their parents at physiological and biochemical levels.Results The results showed that F1 hybrids performed as an intermediate in adaptation to their parents, with divergent gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence features. F1 hybrids showed the parallel light compensation point and light saturation point with their parents, but low utilization efficiency to low-light density. They synthesized the greatest total chlorophyll content (10.41 ± 0.56 mg•g -1 ) in leaves than their parents. During the diurnal variation of photosynthesis, F1 hybrids markedly decreased and preserved the stomatal conductance and leaf transpiration rate at a low level. However, they kept high carbon assimilation rate and water-use efficiency with markedly increased vapor pressure deficit. In F1 hybrids, the maximum net photosynthetic rate, maximum water-use efficiency and maximum vapor pressure deficit were 10.48 ± 0.50 mmol CO 2 •mmol -1 photo, 21.52 ± 2.20 µmol•mmol -1 and 4.18 ± 0.55 kPa, respectively. In addition, all Buddleja species performed well and grow healthy with high level of the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII and low non-photochemical quenching, 0.83 ± 0.004 - 0.85 ± 0.004, and 1.22 ± 0.15 - 1.97 ± 0.08, respectively. In F1 hybrids, they showed great photochemical activity compared to their parental species with high photochemical quenching. Furthermore, the effective quantum yield and electron transport rate presented a similar behavior.Conclusions The results indicated that F1 hybrids have great photochemical activities and growth acclimatization compared to their parents. Associated with the growth performance of F1 hybrids in the homogenous garden, our results suggested that the divergent gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence patterns may facilitate F1 hybrids to respond to different habitats, and to improve growth performance.

scholarly journals Assessment of Canopy Conductance Responses to Vapor Pressure Deficit in Eight Hazelnut Orchards Across Continents

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaia Pasqualotto ◽  
Vinicio Carraro ◽  
Eloy Suarez Huerta ◽  
Tommaso Anfodillo
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Thermal Dissipation ◽  
Canopy Conductance ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Growing Seasons

A remarkable increase in vapor pressure deficit (VPD) has been recorded in the last decades in relation to global warming. Higher VPD generally leads to stomatal closure and limitations to leaf carbon uptake. Assessing tree conductance responses to VPD is a key step for modeling plant performances and productivity under future environmental conditions, especially when trees are cultivated well outside their native range as for hazelnut (Corylus spp.). Our main aim is to assess the stand-level surface canopy conductance (Gsurf) responses to VPD in hazelnut across different continents to provide a proxy for potential productivity. Tree sap flow (Fd) was measured by Thermal dissipation probes (TDP) probes (six per sites) in eight hazelnut orchards in France, Italy, Georgia, Australia, and Chile during three growing seasons since 2016, together with the main meteorological parameters. We extracted diurnal Fd to estimate the canopy conductance Gsurf.. In all the sites, the maximum Gsurf occurred at low values of VPD (on average 0.57 kPa) showing that hazelnut promptly avoids leaf dehydration and that maximum leaf gas exchange is limited at relatively low VPD (i.e., often less than 1 kPa). The sensitivity of the conductance vs. VPD (i.e., -dG/dlnVPD) resulted much lower (average m = −0.36) compared to other tree species, with little differences among sites. We identified a range of suboptimal VPD conditions for Gsurf maximization (Gsurf > 80% compared to maximum) in each site, named “VPD80,” which multiplied by the mean Gsurf might be used as a proxy for assessing the maximum gas exchange of the orchard with a specific management and site. Potential gas exchange appeared relatively constant in most of the sites except in France (much higher) and in the driest Australian site (much lower). This study assessed the sensitivity of hazelnut to VPD and proposed a simple proxy for predicting the potential gas exchange in different areas. Our results can be used for defining suitability maps based on average VPD conditions, thus facilitating correct identification of the potentially most productive sites.

scholarly journals Abscisic Acid Synthesis in Acer rubrum L. Leaves—A Vapor-pressure-deficit-mediated Response

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.L. Bauerle ◽  
T.H. Whitlow ◽  
T.L. Setter ◽  
F.M. Vermeylen
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Ecotypic Variation ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Quantitative differences in leaf abscisic acid (ABA) among Acer rubrum L. (red maple) ecotypes were investigated. This study tested the hypothesis that seedlings from wet and dry maternal sites display distinctly different capacities to synthesize ABA in response to atmospheric vapor pressure deficits. The increased levels of ABA in leaf tissue in the red maple ecotypes were associated with atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Leaves on well-watered plants responded to VPD by increasing their ABA levels and reducing their photosynthesis (Anet) and stomatal conductance (gs). Both ecotypes appear to accumulate ABA at about the same rate as VPD increased. Despite the similar accumulation rates between ecotypes, wet site ecotypes consistently had a higher level of ABA present in leaf tissue under both low and high VPD conditions. Furthermore, wet site provenances appear to reduce Anet and gs in response to ABA accumulation, whereas dry sites do not present as clear an ABA/gs relationship. This study shows variation between wet and dry site red maple populations in physiological response to atmospheric vapor pressure deficits, indicating that natural ecotypic variation in stomatal responsiveness to air humidity is likely mediated by ABA accumulation in leaf tissue. This research demonstrates that ecotypes of red maple may be selected for atmospheric drought tolerance based on site moisture conditions.

scholarly journals Seasonal Photosynthesis and Carbon Assimilation of Dynamics in a Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino Plantation

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Chung-I Chen ◽  
Ya-Nan Wang ◽  
Heng-Hsun Lin ◽  
Ching-Wen Wang ◽  
Jui-Chu Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Area Index ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Zelkova Serrata

As anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions intensify global climate change, plantations have become an important tool to mitigate atmospheric CO2. Our aim in this study was to estimate carbon assimilation and clarify the impact of environmental factors on the photosynthesis of Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino, an important plantation species that is extensively planted in low altitude regions of East Asia. We measured monthly gas exchange parameters and leaf area index to estimate carbon assimilation. The results showed that gas exchange was significantly affected by vapor pressure deficit and temperature, especially in the dry season, and both photosynthetic rate and carbon assimilation decreased. Lower daytime assimilation and higher nighttime respiration during the dry season, which caused a 43% decrease in carbon assimilation in Z. serrata plantations. Z. serrata exhibited lower photosynthetic rate and lower carbon assimilation following planting in a tropical monsoon climate area. Therefore, the effects of extreme weather such as high temperature and vapor pressure deficit on Z. serrata forest carbon budget could be stronger in the future. Leaf area showed seasonal variation, and severe defoliation was caused by a typhoon in the summer. The annual carbon assimilation was estimated at 3.50 Mg C ha−1 year−1 in the study area.

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