scholarly journals Phytochrome Coordinates with a hnRNP to Regulate Alternative Splicing via an Exonic Splicing Silencer

2019 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bou-Yun Lin ◽  
Chueh-Ju Shih ◽  
Hsin-Yu Hsieh ◽  
Hsiu-Chen Chen ◽  
Shih-Long Tu
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Splicing Silencer

scholarly journals The splicing regulator Sam68 binds to a novel exonic splicing silencer and functions in SMN2 alternative splicing in spinal muscular atrophy

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1235-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Pedrotti ◽  
Pamela Bielli ◽  
Maria Paola Paronetto ◽  
Fabiola Ciccosanti ◽  
Gian Maria Fimia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Spinal Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Splicing Silencer ◽  
Splicing Regulator

scholarly journals SRp20 and CUG-BP1 Modulate Insulin Receptor Exon 11 Alternative Splicing

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 871-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriya Sen ◽  
Indrani Talukdar ◽  
Nicholas J. G. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Exon Skipping ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Exon Inclusion ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Splicing Silencer ◽  
Sequence Elements ◽  
Exon 11

ABSTRACT The insulin receptor (IR) exists as two isoforms, IR-A and IR-B, which result from alternative splicing of exon 11 in the primary transcript. This alternative splicing is cell specific, and the relative proportions of exon 11 isoforms also vary during development, aging, and different disease states. We have previously demonstrated that both intron 10 and exon 11 contain regulatory sequences that affect IR splicing both positively and negatively. In this study, we sought to define the precise sequence elements within exon 11 that control exon recognition and cellular factors that recognize these elements. Using minigenes carrying linker-scanning mutations within exon 11, we detected both exonic splicing enhancer and exonic splicing silencer elements. We identified binding of SRp20 and SF2/ASF to the exonic enhancers and CUG-BP1 to the exonic silencer by RNA affinity chromatography. Overexpression and knockdown studies with hepatoma and embryonic kidney cells demonstrated that SRp20 and SF2/ASF increase exon inclusion but that CUG-BP1 causes exon skipping. We found that CUG-BP1 also binds to an additional intronic splicing silencer, located at the 3′ end of intron 10, to promote exon 11 skipping. Thus, we propose that SRp20, SF2/ASF, and CUG-BP1 act antagonistically to regulate IR alternative splicing in vivo and that the relative ratios of SRp20 and SF2/ASF to CUG-BP1 in different cells determine the degree of exon inclusion.

Linking transcription, RNA polymerase II elongation and alternative splicing

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (16) ◽  
pp. 3091-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana E. Giono ◽  
Alberto R. Kornblihtt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Eukaryotic Transcription

Gene expression is an intricately regulated process that is at the basis of cell differentiation, the maintenance of cell identity and the cellular responses to environmental changes. Alternative splicing, the process by which multiple functionally distinct transcripts are generated from a single gene, is one of the main mechanisms that contribute to expand the coding capacity of genomes and help explain the level of complexity achieved by higher organisms. Eukaryotic transcription is subject to multiple layers of regulation both intrinsic — such as promoter structure — and dynamic, allowing the cell to respond to internal and external signals. Similarly, alternative splicing choices are affected by all of these aspects, mainly through the regulation of transcription elongation, making it a regulatory knob on a par with the regulation of gene expression levels. This review aims to recapitulate some of the history and stepping-stones that led to the paradigms held today about transcription and splicing regulation, with major focus on transcription elongation and its effect on alternative splicing.

Alternative Splicing Is Responsible for the Presence of Two Tissue Factor mRNA Species in LPS Stimulated Human Monocytes

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (02) ◽  
pp. 272-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Paul ◽  
E van der Logt ◽  
Pieter H Reitsma ◽  
Rogier M Bertina
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Human Monocytes ◽  
Mrna Species ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Intron 1 ◽  
Tf Gene

SummaryAlthough normally absent from the surface of all circulating cell types, tissue factor (TF) can be induced to appear on circulating monocytes by stimulants like bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbolesters. Northern analysis of RNA isolated from LPS stimulated human monocytes demonstrates the presence of 2.2 kb and 3.1 kb TF mRNA species. The 2.2 kb message codes for the TF protein. As demonstrated by Northern blot analysis with a variety of TF gene probes, the 3.1 kb message arises from an alternative splicing process which fails to remove 955 bp from intron 1. Because of a stop codon in intron 1 no TF protein is produced from the 3.1 kb transcript. This larger transcript should therefore not be taken into account when comparing TF gene transcription and TF protein levels.

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