scholarly journals DDM1 Represses Noncoding RNA Expression and RNA-Directed DNA Methylation in Heterochromatin

2018 ◽  
Vol 177 (3) ◽  
pp. 1187-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Tan ◽  
Yue Lu ◽  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Tian Wu ◽  
Ruoyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Rna Expression

Herpesvirus Epigenetic Reprogramming and Oncogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-331
Author(s):  
Yonggang Pei ◽  
Josiah Hiu-yuen Wong ◽  
Erle S. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Rna Expression ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Epstein Barr

Among all of the known biological carcinogens, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) are two of the classical oncogenic herpesviruses known to induce the oncogenic phenotype. Many studies have revealed important functions related to epigenetic alterations of the EBV and KSHV genomes that mediate oncogenesis, but the detailed mechanisms are not fully understood. It is also challenging to fully describe the critical cellular events that drive oncogenesis as well as a comprehensive map of the molecular contributors. This review introduces the roles of epigenetic modifications of these viral genomes, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and noncoding RNA expression, and elucidates potential strategies utilized for inducing oncogenesis by these human gammaherpesviruses.

scholarly journals Epigenetic Mechanisms of Paternal Stress in Offspring Development and Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xingyun Xu ◽  
Zhigang Miao ◽  
Miao Sun ◽  
Bo Wan
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Histone Modification ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Sperm Cell ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Rna Expression ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Paternal Stress ◽  
Offspring Health

The major biological function of the sperm cell is to transmit the paternal genetic and epigenetic information to the embryo as well as the following offspring. Sperm has a unique epigenome. An increasing body of epidemiological study supports that paternal stress induced by environmental exposures and lifestyle can modulate the sperm epigenome (including histone modification, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA expression), sperm-egg fusion, embryo development, and offspring health. Based on the existing literature, we have summarized the paternal exposure on sperm epigenome along with the representative phenotypes of offspring and the possible mechanism involved.

scholarly journals Natural Antisense Transcript PEBP1P3 Regulates the RNA Expression, DNA Methylation and Histone Modification of CD45 Gene

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 759
Author(s):  
Zhongjing Su ◽  
Guangyu Liu ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Ze Lin ◽  
Dongyang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Histone Modification ◽  
Antisense Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Antisense Transcript ◽  
Natural Antisense Transcript ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Splicing Isoforms ◽  
Intron 2

The leukocyte common antigen CD45 is a transmembrane phosphatase expressed on all nucleated hemopoietic cells, and the expression levels of its splicing isoforms are closely related to the development and function of lymphocytes. PEBP1P3 is a natural antisense transcript from the opposite strand of CD45 intron 2 and is predicted to be a noncoding RNA. The genotype-tissue expression and quantitative PCR data suggested that PEBP1P3 might be involved in the regulation of expression of CD45 splicing isoforms. To explore the regulatory mechanism of PEBP1P3 in CD45 expression, DNA methylation and histone modification were detected by bisulfate sequencing PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, respectively. The results showed that after the antisense RNA PEBP1P3 was knocked down by RNA interference, the DNA methylation of CD45 intron 2 was decreased and histone H3K9 and H3K36 trimethylation at the alternative splicing exons of CD45 DNA was increased. Knockdown of PEBP1P3 also increased the binding levels of chromatin conformation organizer CTCF at intron 2 and the alternative splicing exons of CD45. The present results indicate that the natural antisense RNA PEBP1P3 regulated the alternative splicing of CD45 RNA, and that might be correlated with the regulation of histone modification and DNA methylation.

scholarly journals DNA methylation and noncoding RNA in OA: recent findings and methodological advances

2021 ◽  
pp. 100208
Author(s):  
Vladislav Izda ◽  
Jake Martin ◽  
Cassandra Sturdy ◽  
Matlock A. Jeffries
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Noncoding Rna

scholarly journals Role for piRNAs and Noncoding RNA in de Novo DNA Methylation of the Imprinted Mouse Rasgrf1 Locus

Science ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 332 (6031) ◽  
pp. 848-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Watanabe ◽  
S.-i. Tomizawa ◽  
K. Mitsuya ◽  
Y. Totoki ◽  
Y. Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
De Novo

Epigenetics In Autoimmune Disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matlock A Jeffries
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
New Research

Autoimmunity refers to a pathologic state of immunologic dysregulation in which the human immune system turns inward, attacking healthy tissues. The key step in this process is a break of self-immune tolerance. Recent studies have implicated dysregulation of gene expression via altered epigenetic control as a key mechanism in the development and promotion of autoimmunity. Epigenetics is defined as heritable changes in gene expression as a result of modification of DNA methylation, histone side chains, and noncoding RNA. Studies examining identical twins discordant for lupus, for example, were among the first to identify alterations in DNA methylation leading to lupus. Histone side-chain changes have been studied extensively in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and many pathogenic cell types in RA exhibit a hyperacetylation phenotype. Finally, new research in the noncoding RNA field has not only uncovered potentially targetable pathways (e.g., miR-155) but may lead to the development of new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, helping physicians better tailor specific treatment regimens to improve response to therapy in autoimmune disease.   This review contains 4 figures, 1 table and 47 references Key Words: autoimmunity, big data, biomarkers, computational biology, DNA methylation, epigenetics, histone acetylation, histone methylation, microRNA, noncoding RNA

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