scholarly journals Glucose-Induced Trophic Shift in an Endosymbiont Dinoflagellate with Physiological and Molecular Consequences

2017 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. 1793-1807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Xiang ◽  
Robert E. Jinkerson ◽  
Sophie Clowez ◽  
Cawa Tran ◽  
Cory J. Krediet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Shift

scholarly journals Trophic shift in the diet of the pelagic thresher shark based on stomach contents and stable isotope analyses

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 958-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Polo-Silva ◽  
Seth D. Newsome ◽  
Felipe Galván-Magaña ◽  
Marcela Grijalba-Bendeck ◽  
Adolfo Sanjuan-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Stable Isotope Analyses ◽  
Trophic Shift ◽  
Thresher Shark ◽  
Isotope Analyses

Trophic shift of stable isotopes and fatty acids in Collembola on bacterial diets

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 2004-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Haubert ◽  
Max M. Häggblom ◽  
Reinhard Langel ◽  
Stefan Scheu ◽  
Liliane Ruess
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Trophic Shift

scholarly journals Trophic shift and the origin of birds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghua Wu
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Predation Pressure ◽  
Flapping Flight ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Fat Digestion ◽  
Trophic Shift ◽  
High Predation ◽  
High Predation Pressure ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractBirds are characterized by evolutionary specializations of both locomotion (e.g., flapping flight) and digestive system (toothless, crop, and gizzard), while the potential selection pressures responsible for these evolutionary specializations remain unclear. Here we used a recently developed molecular phyloecological method to reconstruct the diets of the ancestral archosaur and of the common ancestor of living birds (CALB). Our results showed that the ancestral archosaur exhibited a predominant Darwinian selection of protein and fat digestion and absorption, whereas the CALB showed a marked enhanced selection of carbohydrate and fat digestion and absorption, suggesting a trophic shift from carnivory to herbivory (fruit, seed, and/or nut-eater) at the archosaur-to-bird transition. The evolutionary shift of the CALB to herbivory may have essentially made them become a low-level consumer and, consequently, subject to relatively high predation risk from potential predators such as gliding maniraptorans, from which birds descended. Under the relatively high predation pressure, ancestral birds with gliding capability may have then evolved not only flapping flight as a possible anti-predator strategy against gliding predatory maniraptorans but also the specialized digestive system as an evolutionary tradeoff of maximizing foraging efficiency and minimizing predation risk. Our results suggest that the powered flight and specialized digestive system of birds may have evolved as a result of their tropic shift-associated predation pressure.

Development of the pharyngeal dentition of two herbivorous halfbeaks (Teleostei : Hemiramphidae) and implications for the hemiramphid ontogenetic trophic shift

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Tibbetts ◽  
Ryan D. Day ◽  
Lee Carseldine
Keyword(s):  
Standard Length ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Pharyngeal Tooth ◽  
Wear Area ◽  
Ecological Implications ◽  
Trophic Shift ◽  
Tooth Number ◽  
Almost All

Development of the pharyngeal dentition of two herbivorous halfbeaks, Hyporhamphus regularis ardelio (Whitley, 1931) and Arrhamphus sclerolepis krefftii (Steindachner, 1867), was examined quantitatively to assess features that might confer their ability to shift their diet from animal to plant material. Toothed area, tooth number, maximum tooth diameter and tooth wear area in both pharyngeal tooth pads of both taxa increased with ontogeny, whereas tooth density decreased. Comparing individuals of the two taxa at similar standard lengths indicated that A. sclerolepis krefftii showed hypertrophy of the majority of pharyngeal characters in relation to H. regularis ardelio of a similar standard length. That A. sclerolepis krefftii is more developmentally advanced than H. regularis ardelio in almost all dentigerous characters studied indicates that pharyngeal development may allow the former to commence herbivory at a smaller standard length than the latter species. The evolutionary and ecological implications of these findings are discussed in the context of a group of fishes that is overexploited worldwide.

Trophic shift in young-of-the-year Mugilidae during salt-marsh colonization

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 1297-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lebreton ◽  
P. Richard ◽  
G. Guillou ◽  
G. F. Blanchard
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Trophic Shift ◽  
Young Of The Year
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