scholarly journals A Mutation in the bHLH Domain of the SPCH Transcription Factor Uncovers a BR-Dependent Mechanism for Stomatal Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 174 (2) ◽  
pp. 823-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto de Marcos ◽  
Anaxi Houbaert ◽  
Magdalena Triviño ◽  
Dolores Delgado ◽  
Mar Martín-Trillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Stomatal Development ◽  
Bhlh Domain ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

scholarly journals Light regulates stomatal development by modulating paracrine signaling from inner tissues

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenqi Wang ◽  
Zimin Zhou ◽  
Rini Rahiman ◽  
Grace Sheen Yee Lee ◽  
Yuan Kai Yeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Light Signaling ◽  
Stomatal Development ◽  
Paracrine Signaling ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Light Signals

AbstractDevelopmental outcomes are shaped by the interplay between intrinsic and external factors. The production of stomata—essential pores for gas exchange in plants—is extremely plastic and offers an excellent system to study this interplay at the cell lineage level. For plants, light is a key external cue, and it promotes stomatal development and the accumulation of the master stomatal regulator SPEECHLESS (SPCH). However, how light signals are relayed to influence SPCH remains unknown. Here, we show that the light-regulated transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a critical regulator for photomorphogenic growth, is present in inner mesophyll cells and directly binds and activates STOMAGEN. STOMAGEN, the mesophyll-derived secreted peptide, in turn stabilizes SPCH in the epidermis, leading to enhanced stomatal production. Our work identifies a molecular link between light signaling and stomatal development that spans two tissue layers and highlights how an environmental signaling factor may coordinate growth across tissue types.

The transcription factor ZmNAC49 reduces stomatal density and improves drought tolerance in maize

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xiang ◽  
Xiujuan Sun ◽  
Xiangli Bian ◽  
Tianhui Wei ◽  
Tong Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Stomatal Development ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Growth Development

Abstract Drought stress severely limits the growth, development, and productivity of crops, and therefore understanding the mechanisms by which plants respond to drought is crucial. In this study, we cloned a maize NAC transcription factor, ZmNAC49, and identified its function in response to drought stress. We found that ZmNAC49 is localized in the nucleus and has transcriptional activation activity. ZmNAC49 expression is rapidly and strongly induced by drought stress, and overexpression enhances stress tolerance in maize. Overexpression also significant decreases the transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and stomatal density in maize. Detailed study showed that ZmNAC49 overexpression affects the expression of genes related to stomatal development, namely ZmTMM, ZmSDD1, ZmMUTE, and ZmFAMA. In addition, we found that ZmNAC49 can directly bind to the promoter of ZmMUTE and suppress its expression. Taken together, our results show that the transcription factor ZmNAC49 represses ZmMUTE expression, reduces stomatal density, and thereby enhances drought tolerance in maize.

scholarly journals Grasses use an alternatively wired bHLH transcription factor network to establish stomatal identity

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (29) ◽  
pp. 8326-8331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Raissig ◽  
Emily Abrash ◽  
Akhila Bettadapur ◽  
John P. Vogel ◽  
Dominique C. Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Brachypodium Distachyon ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factor ◽  
Stomatal Development ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Factor Module ◽  
Forward Genetic Screens ◽  
Conserved Genes ◽  
And Behavior

Stomata, epidermal valves facilitating plant–atmosphere gas exchange, represent a powerful model for understanding cell fate and pattern in plants. Core basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factors regulating stomatal development were identified in Arabidopsis, but this dicot’s developmental pattern and stomatal morphology represent only one of many possibilities in nature. Here, using unbiased forward genetic screens, followed by analysis of reporters and engineered mutants, we show that stomatal initiation in the grass Brachypodium distachyon uses orthologs of stomatal regulators known from Arabidopsis but that the function and behavior of individual genes, the relationships among genes, and the regulation of their protein products have diverged. Our results highlight ways in which a kernel of conserved genes may be alternatively wired to produce diversity in patterning and morphology and suggest that the stomatal transcription factor module is a prime target for breeding or genome modification to improve plant productivity.

scholarly journals Bim, a Proapoptotic Protein, Up-regulated via Transcription Factor E2F1-dependent Mechanism, Functions as a Prosurvival Molecule in Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 288 (1) ◽  
pp. 368-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghu Gogada ◽  
Neelu Yadav ◽  
Junwei Liu ◽  
Shaohua Tang ◽  
Dianmu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Proapoptotic Protein ◽  
Dependent Mechanism ◽  
Transcription Factor E2f1

scholarly journals Activation of ACC synthase 2/6 increases stomatal density and cluster on the Arabidopsis leaf epidermis during drought

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-zhu Jia ◽  
Ling-yun Liu ◽  
Chen Geng ◽  
Chun-peng Song ◽  
Jing Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Acc Synthase ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Leaf Epidermis ◽  
Stomatal Development ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stomatal Lineage

AbstractIt is known that the transcription factor SPEECHLESS (SPCH) drives entry of epidermal cells into stomatal lineage, and that the activation of subtilisin-like protease SDD1 reduces stomatal density and cluster on the epidermis. However, there is still a big gap in our understanding of the relationship between stomatal development and the establishment of stomatal density and pattern, especially during drought. Interestingly, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) not only promotes stomatal development, but also is involved in the establishment of stomatal density and pattern. ACC generation comes from the activity of ACC synthase (ACS), while ACS activity could be mediated by drought. This work showed that the Arabidopsis SPCH activated ACS2/6 expression and ACC-dependent stomatal generation with an increase of stomatal density and cluster under drought conditions; and the possible mechanisms were that ACC-induced Ca2+ shortage in stomatal lineage reduced the inhibition of the transcription factor GT-2 Like 1 (GTL1) on SDD1 expression. These suggest that ACS2/6-dependent ACC accumulation integrated stomatal development with the establishment of stomatal density and pattern by mediating Ca2+ levels in stomatal lineage cells on the leaf epidermis, and this integration is directly related to the growth or survival of plants under escalated drought stress.HighlightACC synthase ACS2/6 activation integrated stomatal individual development with space setting between stomata by mediating Ca2+ levels in stomatal lineage on the leaf epidermis in response to drought.

scholarly journals A transcription factor with a bHLH domain regulates root hair development in rice

Cell Research ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1309-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wona Ding ◽  
Zhiming Yu ◽  
Yanli Tong ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Hanmin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Bhlh Domain ◽  
Root Hair Development ◽  
Hair Development

scholarly journals N4BP1 negatively regulates NF-κB by binding and inhibiting NEMO oligomerization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hexin Shi ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Aijie Liu ◽  
Xiaoming Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Caspase 8 ◽  
Checkpoint Protein ◽  
Iκb Kinase ◽  
Ubiquitin Conjugation ◽  
Tlr3 Activation ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

AbstractMany immune responses depend upon activation of NF-κB, an important transcription factor in the elicitation of a cytokine response. Here we show that N4BP1 inhibits TLR-dependent activation of NF-κB by interacting with the NF-κB signaling essential modulator (NEMO, also known as IκB kinase γ) to attenuate NEMO–NEMO dimerization or oligomerization. The UBA-like (ubiquitin associated-like) and CUE-like (ubiquitin conjugation to ER degradation-like) domains in N4BP1 mediate interaction with the NEMO COZI domain. Both in vitro and in mice, N4bp1 deficiency specifically enhances TRIF-independent (TLR2, TLR7, or TLR9-mediated) but not TRIF-dependent (TLR3 or TLR4-mediated) NF-κB activation, leading to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines. In response to TLR4 or TLR3 activation, TRIF causes activation of caspase-8, which cleaves N4BP1 distal to residues D424 and D490 and abolishes its inhibitory effect. N4bp1−/− mice also have diminished numbers of T cells in the peripheral blood. Our work identifies N4BP1 as an inhibitory checkpoint protein that must be overcome to activate NF-κB, and a TRIF-initiated caspase-8-dependent mechanism by which this is accomplished.

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